scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of antiepileptic drugs: A brief review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Parker ◽  
E. J. Sanders ◽  
K. J. Burghardt
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Drug Labeling ◽  
Pharmacogenetic Research

Abstract The goal of pharmacogenetic research is to assist clinicians in predicting patient response to medications when genetic variations are identified. The pharmacogenetic variation of antiepileptic drug response and side effects has yielded findings that have been included in drug labeling and guidelines. The goal of this review is to provide a brief overview of the pharmacogenetic research on antiepileptic drugs. It will focus on findings that have been included in drug labeling, guidelines, and candidate pharmacogenetic variation. Overall, several genes have been included in guidelines by national and international organizations; however, much work is needed to implement and evaluate their use in clinical settings.

Valproic Acid: A Different View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-331
Author(s):  
J. Kiffin Penry
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Published Data ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

The Committee on Drugs of the American Academy of Pediatrics has prepared a statement on the benefits and risks of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid; this statement appears in this issue of Pediatrics (70:316, 1982). This report is extensive and objective in its review of published data on valproic acid, and is of great value to practicing pediatricians for that reason. However, the review fails to place vaiproic acid in perspective with other marketed antiepileptic drugs, which in many instances have equally serious side effects.

scholarly journals Choice of neuroleptics in epilepsy

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 642-645
Author(s):  
Harry McConnell ◽  
Denise Duncan ◽  
David Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

The decision to use a neuroleptic in people with epilepsy (PWE) depends on the nature of the psychosis being treated. In some cases a neuroleptic is not required and an adjustment of the antiepileptic drug therapy may be all that is necessary. Antiepileptic drug therapy itself can cause psychosis and this, as well as other aetiologies, should be considered. The choice of neuroleptic in PWE depends on: the nature of the patient's psychosis, including the temporal relationship with seizures and/or any relationship to antiepileptic drug therapy; the epileptogenicity of the neuroleptic; antiepileptic drugs; the efficacy of the neuroleptic; and individual tolerability of side-effects.

Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm to Estimate the Response to Drug in Lung Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 734-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoling Guo ◽  
Qiuxiang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cancer Resistance ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Bayes Algorithm

Aim and Objective: Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous cancer, due to the significant differences in molecular levels, resulting in different clinical manifestations of lung cancer patients there is a big difference. Including disease characterization, drug response, the risk of recurrence, survival, etc. Method: Clinical patients with lung cancer do not have yet particularly effective treatment options, while patients with lung cancer resistance not only delayed the treatment cycle but also caused strong side effects. Therefore, if we can sum up the abnormalities of functional level from the molecular level, we can scientifically and effectively evaluate the patients' sensitivity to treatment and make the personalized treatment strategies to avoid the side effects caused by over-treatment and improve the prognosis. Result & Conclusion: According to the different sensitivities of lung cancer patients to drug response, this study screened out genes that were significantly associated with drug resistance. The bayes model was used to assess patient resistance.

Predicting antiepileptic drug response in children with epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Sillanpää ◽  
Dieter Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Drug Response

scholarly journals First, do no harm: the risks of overtreating children with epilepsy

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Chuang ◽  
Marilisa M. Guerreiro ◽  
Sara Y. Tsuchie ◽  
Angelica Santucci ◽  
Carlos A. M. Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Do No Harm ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Although overtreatment with antiepileptic drugs contributes to the morbidity associated with epilepsy, many children still are overtreated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the withdrawal of at least one antiepileptic drug (AED) in children with refractory epilepsy using polytherapy enable a better seizure control. METHOD: This was a prospective study. Children with refractory epilepsy using at least two AEDs were included. Once the patient, or guardian, agreed to participate in the study, one or more AED were slowly tapered off. The remaining AEDs dosages could be adjusted as needed, but a new AED could not be introduced. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were evaluated, three girls; ages ranging from 3 to 18 (mean=8.7 years). After at least one AED withdrawal, two (13.5%) patients became seizure free, seizures improved >50% in 5 (33.5%) patients, did not change in 5 (33.5%), and seizure frequency became worse in 3 (20%). Adverse events improved in 12 patients (80%). CONCLUSION: The withdrawal of at least one AED is a valuable option in the treatment of selected children with refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Androgen deprivation therapy promotes an obesity-like microenvironment in periprostatic fat

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mangiola ◽  
Ryan Stuchbery ◽  
Patrick McCoy ◽  
Ken Chow ◽  
Natalie Kurganovs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Prostate Cancer Development ◽  
Transcriptional Changes

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and cancer-related death worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone of management for advanced disease. The use of these therapies is associated with multiple side effects, including metabolic syndrome and truncal obesity. At the same time, obesity has been associated with both prostate cancer development and disease progression, linked to its effects on chronic inflammation at a tissue level. The connection between ADT, obesity, inflammation and prostate cancer progression is well established in clinical settings; however, an understanding of the changes in adipose tissue at the molecular level induced by castration therapies is missing. Here, we investigated the transcriptional changes in periprostatic fat tissue induced by profound ADT in a group of patients with high-risk tumours compared to a matching untreated cohort. We find that the deprivation of androgen is associated with a pro-inflammatory and obesity-like adipose tissue microenvironment. This study suggests that the beneficial effect of therapies based on androgen deprivation may be partially counteracted by metabolic and inflammatory side effects in the adipose tissue surrounding the prostate.

scholarly journals Cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs in children

Neurology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Loring ◽  
K. J. Meador
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Cognitive Side Effects

Dosing Errors in the Use of Antiepileptic Drug Suspensions

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 329-329
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Bunch ◽  
Steven P. Shelov
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Chewable Tablet ◽  
Inactive Carrier ◽  
Gastrostomy Tubes

Liquid forms of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be syrups or elixirs (in which the AED is in solution in water or alcohol, respectively) or suspensions. Suspensions consist of finely divided medication dispersed in an inactive carrier. The following are common reasons for the use of liquid forms of AEDs: 1) ease of measurement of doses that do not correspond to available tablet or capsule form; 2) ease of administration to children or adults who are unable to swallow or chew capsule, tablet, or chewable tablet forms of the drug; and 3) for persons who must receive all enteral medications through nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes.

Managing Side Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs

1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Livingston ◽  
Irving Pruce ◽  
Lydia L Pauli ◽  
Herbert L Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs
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