Inhibition of Major Listeria monocytogenes Serotypes Grown in Media Supplemented with Aqueous Extracts of Gongronema latifolium and Vernonia amygdalina

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ogueri Nwaiwu
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium

scholarly journals Co-administration of Rauwolfia vomitoria with Gongronema latifolium or Vernonia amygdalina on spatial learning, memory, and some bio-molecules

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses B Ekong ◽  
Aniekan I Peter ◽  
Ubong U Ekpene
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium ◽  
Rauwolfia Vomitoria

Background: Rauwolfia vomitoria is a plant with sedative properties found useful in the management of psychotic disorders, with adverse effects being reported on its use in different brain areas.Aims and Objectives: To investigate the acute effect of combination of Rauwolfia vomitoria with either Gongronema latifolium or Vernonia amygdalina on spatial learning and memory, and some bio-molecules in rats.Materials and Methods: 24 adult male Wistar rats weighing between 220 g - 300 g were equally divided into four groups (1-4). Group 1 animals were the control treated with 0.5 ml of Tween 20. Groups 2, 3 and 4 animals were administered respectively; 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria, a combination of 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria and 200 mg/kg of G. latifolium, and a combination of 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria and 200 mg/kg of V. amygdalina for seven days. On days 4-7 concurrent with treatment, spatial learning and memory test was carried out using the Morris water maze, and the animals were sacrificed twelve hours after the last treatment. Their sera were used for enzyme and other bio-molecules analysis.Results: There was no difference in spatial learning and memory. The activities of aspartate aminotrans­ferase, alanine aminotrans­ferase and alkaline phos­phatase, and the serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were also not different compared to the control group.Conclusion: The dose and duration of administration of the extract of R. vomitoria either alone, or in combination with G. latifolium or V. amygdalina may not affect spatial learning or memory, or alter serum biomolecules.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 82-87

scholarly journals BITTER HERBS OF EASTERN NIGERIA (GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM, VERNONIA AMYGDALINA AND VITEX DONIANA): A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Asuzu Chinwe U.
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
Vitex Doniana ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium

Background: The article is a review of three bitter vegetables consumed in South-eastern Nigeria (Gongronema latifolium, Vernonia amygdalina and Vitex doniana). These vegetables are not very palatable to taste but are highly famed because of the myriad of illnesses that they are reputed to cure and manage. The different aspects of these vegetables reviewed are their ethnobotany, zoo pharmacology, bioactivity, phytochemistry and toxicity. Materials and method: The literatures consulted were searched using electronic search engines (Google, Google scholar and Pubmed). Substantial amount of literature was consulted but only those directly related to the main review were selected. Result: The review revealed that the three bitter vegetables possessed phytochemicals like saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids among others that justify the claims of curing and managing many of the illnesses that traditional folks attribute to them. From literature, antimicrobial, antinflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti cancer activities were attributed to these three bitter herbs. Antinutritional substances like phytate and oxalate reported in these herbs were not regarded as harmful for human consumption because of the traditional method of processing the vegetables by squeeze washing in several changes of water. Conclusion: The three bitter herbs are regarded as beneficial for human consumption and the information should be disseminated to a large audience. Key words: V. amygdalina, V. doniana, G.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potentials of Vernonia amygdalina against Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella Specie Isolated from Nworie River, Imo State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinwe I. Chikwendu ◽  
Emmanuel Egbadon ◽  
Blessing Okuma
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Salmonella specie were isolated from Nworie River and then tested against several antibiotics to include; Gentamycin, Streptomycin, Amoxycillin, Kanamycin, Oxacillin, Ofloxacin, Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin, Aztreonam and Ceftazidime. Salmonella isolates obtained from the river were resistant to at least three different antibiotics. All isolates were resistant to Amoxycillin, Oxacillin and Iminipem showing a 100% resistant rate, while showing sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin, Aztreonam, Gentamycin, Ceftazidime, Kanamycin, Streptomycin, and Ofloxacin at sensitivity rates of 71.4%, 7.1%, 77.1%, 11.4%, 44.3%, 48.6% and 78.6% respectively. The antibiotic-resistant Salmonella species were further tested against the aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf, stem and roots to assess their antibacterial potential at a concentration of 100mg/ml. Aqueous extracts of the leaf, stem and roots showed no activity against antibiotic resistant Salmonella isolate, while the ethanol and acetone extracts showed activity rates of 20% and 17% for roots, 14.3% and 12.9% for stem, and, 15.7% and 11.4% for leaf. The results from this study further confirms the antibacterial potentials of Vernonia amygdalina against antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on the Responses of Some Biochemical Markers in Immuno-Suppressed Rats Treated with Gongronema latifolium and Vernonia amygdalina Ethanol Leaf Extract

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Ukegbu Chimere Young ◽  
Joshua Parker Elijah ◽  
Eze Chuma ◽  
Akabike Chigozie Adrain ◽  
Igwe Chinagolum Arinzechuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BITTER LEAF (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) ON MICRO-ORGANISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
Andrew Omachi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Micro Organisms

Medicinal plants have assumed the basis of traditional medicine and have proven effective in human health care across the world. There is a growing interest in the role of complementary and alternative medicines to treat various illnesses. The continued consumption of antibiotic with little or no impact on bacteria have negatively affected health care delivery. Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is a popular shrub belonging to the family Asteraceae and a perennial shrub commonly cultivated as a homestead vegetable and fodder tree in various parts of Nigeria. The current study was conducted to assess the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of bitter leaf on Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of the phytochemical analysis conducted on the root and stem bark of V. amygdalina revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, steroids, flavonoids, phenol, and saponins. However, it was found that tannins and phenol were mainly deposited in the plants stem bark.Also, the antimicrobial analysis conducted revealed that S. aureus was more vulnerable to the ethanol, acetone, and hot aqueous extracts of V. amygdalina. while, P. aeruginosa, and C. Albicans showed sensitivity to ethanol and acetone exposure but failed to react to the hot aqueous extracts.The study concludes that the observed biological reactions shown by the aqueous extracts of V. amygdalina corroborate the traditional application of this plant as an alternative antibiotic.

Protective Role of Vernonia Amygdalina Leaf Aqueous Extract Against Neomycin-Induced Hair Cell Damage in Transgenic Zebrafish

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-372
Author(s):  
Chia-Fang Hsu ◽  
Fu-An Yang ◽  
Shih-Chuan Liu ◽  
Shuan-Yow Li ◽  
Hao-Wei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina

Aminoglycoside treatment increases the loss of hair cells in the inner ear. Once the hair cells are lost, they are unable to regenerate spontaneously, and the resulting hearing loss is profound and irreversible in humans. The aqueous extract from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina has been reported to have antioxidant properties. In this study, we evaluated whether the aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf could protect hair cells from aminoglycoside-induced damage using a transgenic zebrafish line. Our results showed that the EC50 of 1,1-Diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate), a measure of antioxidant capacity, of the aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf was 11.31 mg/mL and 2.73 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the total phenolic and flavonoids contents were 11.48 ŷ 3.12 mg gallic acid/g and 6.89 ŷ 0.65 mg catechin/g, respectively. In the toxicology study, the larval survival rate was significantly decreased and was dependent on the dosage of aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf, whereas it had no significant toxicity at doses below 2.5 mg/mL concentration (survival rate = 100%). Furthermore, a hair cell survival study shows that aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf decreased neomycin-induced hair cell death in a dose-dependent manner (survival rate = ∼94.1 ŷ 3.1% at 2 mg/mL concentration). Overall, these results suggest that the aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaf possess the antioxidant effect and protects against hair cell loss caused by toxic side effects of neomycin. An optimal aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf can be consumed as an herbal medicine without probable toxicity to body tissues and organs.

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