scholarly journals Changes in the Brain Connectome Following Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Stroke Rehabilitation

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacky T Yeung ◽  
Isabella M Young ◽  
Stephane Doyen ◽  
Charles Teo ◽  
Michael E Sughrue
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Brain Connectome ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Priming the Brain to Capitalize on Metaplasticity in Stroke Rehabilitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Cassidy ◽  
Bernadette T. Gillick ◽  
James R. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Stroke Outcomes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanisms

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is emerging as a potentially valuable intervention to augment the effects of behavioral therapy for stroke. When used in conjunction with other therapies, rTMS embraces the concept of metaplasticity. Due to homeostatic mechanisms inherent to metaplasticity, interventions known to be in isolation to enhance excitability can interact when applied successively under certain timing conditions and produce enhanced or opposite effects. Similar to “muscular wisdom,” with its self-protective mechanisms, there also appears to be “synaptic wisdom” in neural networks with homeostatic processes that prevent over- and under-excitability. These processes have implications for both enhancing and suppressing the excitability effects from behavioral therapy. The purpose of this article is to relate the concept of metaplasticity, as derived from studies in humans who are healthy, to stroke rehabilitation and consider how it can be leveraged to maximize stroke outcomes.

scholarly journals Administration of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Attenuates Aβ1-42-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease in Mice by Activating β-Catenin Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyun Chen ◽  
Shu Chen ◽  
Weidi Liang ◽  
Fang Ba
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Histological Staining ◽  
Neuron Apoptosis

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive and painless technique that has been applied for the treatments of diverse neurodegenerative disorders. In the current study, its anti-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) effect was assessed and the mechanism driving the effect was explored. The AD symptoms were induced via the intracranial injection of Aβ1-42 in mice and then treated with rTMS of 1 Hz or 10 Hz. The anti-AD effect of rTMS was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM), histological staining and western blotting. The results showed that rTMS administrations of both frequencies improved the cognitive function and suppressed neuron apoptosis in AD mice. Moreover, the treatment also increased the brain BDNF, NGF, and doublecortin levels, which represented the increased viability of neurons by rTMS. The injection of Aβ1-42 also increased the expressions of p-GSK-3β, p-Tau, and p-β-catenin and suppressed the level of total β-catenin. After the treatments of rTMS, the level of β-catenin was restored, indicating the activation of β-catenin signaling. In conclusion, the findings outlined in the current study demonstrated that the anti-AD effect of rTMS was associated with the activation of β-catenin, which would promote the survival of neurons.

How Does Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Influence the Brain in Depressive Disorders?

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Taïb ◽  
Christophe Arbus ◽  
Anne Sauvaget ◽  
Marie Sporer ◽  
Laurent Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals The Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive Impairment and the Brain Lipidome in a Cuprizone-Induced Mouse Model of Demyelination

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuihong Zhou ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Wenjun Wu ◽  
Yuezhen Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
The Brain

The protective effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on myelin integrity have been extensively studied, and growing evidence suggests that rTMS is beneficial in improving cognitive functions and promoting myelin repair. However, the association between cognitive improvement due to rTMS and changes in brain lipids remains elusive. In this study, we used the Y-maze and 3-chamber tests, as well as a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach in a CPZ-induced demyelination model in mice to assess the protective effects of rTMS on cuprizone (CPZ)-induced cognitive impairment and evaluate changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and striatum. We found that CPZ induced cognitive impairment and remarkable changes in brain lipids, specifically in glycerophospholipids. Moreover, the changes in lipids within the prefrontal cortex were more extensive, compared to those observed in the hippocampus and striatum. Notably, rTMS ameliorated CPZ-induced cognitive impairment and partially normalized CPZ-induced lipid changes. Taken together, our data suggest that rTMS may reverse cognitive behavioral changes caused by CPZ-induced demyelination by modulating the brain lipidome, providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of rTMS.

scholarly journals New Modalities and Approaches in Stroke Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Hooman Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Robotic Rehabilitation ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Virtual Reality Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Robotic

During recent years, our understanding of recovery after stroke has changed dramatically. As a result, some new approaches and technologies have emerged to help stroke survivors improve even years after the accident. I am trying to introduce some of the most recent and scientifically investigated approaches and technologies used in stroke rehabilitation. Technologies and approaches such as intensive task-specific approach, repetitive Transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, virtual reality rehabilitation, robotic rehabilitation.

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