scholarly journals Exceptionally preserved ‘skin’ in an Early Cretaceous fish from Colombia

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Alfonso-Rojas ◽  
Edwin-Alberto Cadena
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Compression Stress ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
External Barrier

Studies of soft tissue, cells and original biomolecular constituents preserved in fossil vertebrates have increased greatly in recent years. Here we report preservation of ‘skin’ with chemical and molecular characterization from a three-dimensionally preserved caudal portion of an aspidorhynchid Cretaceous fish from the equatorial Barremian of Colombia, increasing the number of localities for which exceptional preservation is known. We applied several analytical techniques including SEM-EDS, FTIR and ToF-SIMS to characterize the micromorphology and molecular and elemental composition of this fossil. Here, we show that the fossilized ‘skin’ exhibits similarities with those from extant fish, including the wrinkles after suffering compression stress and flexibility, as well as architectural and tissue aspects of the two main layers (epidermis and dermis). This similarity extends also to the molecular level, with the demonstrated preservation of potential residues of original proteins not consistent with a bacterial source. Our results show a potential preservation mechanism where scales may have acted as an external barrier and together with an internal phosphate layer resulting from the degradation of the dermis itself creating an encapsulated environment for the integument.

Molecular characterization of soft tissue tumors

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest C. Borden ◽  
John R. Goldblum
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors

Molecular Characterization of Diesel Fuels Using Modern Analytical Techniques

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
C. S. Hsu ◽  
G. J. Dechert ◽  
D. J. Abbott ◽  
M. W. Genowitz ◽  
R. Barbour
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Modern Analytical

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Tropical Strawberry

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
Ripa Rani Bhowal ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Emrul Kayesh ◽  
Mehfuz Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Major Allele Frequency ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Major Allele ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

The experiment was conducted to assess five tropical strawberry genotypes at phenotypic and molecular level. Among the five strawberry genotypes (BARI Strawberry 1, BARI Strawberry 2, BARI Strawberry 3, FA 005 and Festival), BARI Strawberry 2 was found to be the best in respect of fruit per plant (32.42), fruit yield per plant (594.73 gm) and yield per hectare (19.39 ton). Ten SSR primers were initially screened for molecular characterization and finally MFv104, ARSFL-10 and ARSFL-15 markers were selected for the analysis. EMFv104 and ARSFL-15 produced the maximum number of polymorphic alleles (4) while ARSFL-10 produced three polymorphic alleles. The major allele frequency at each locus ranged from 0.4 (EMFv104) to 0.6 (ARSFL-10). The PIC values varied from 0.4992 on ARSFL-10 to 0.672 on EMFv104. The gene diversity ranged from 0.56 (ARSFL-10) to 0.72 (EMFv104 and ARSFL-15). BARI Strawberry 1 and Festival were the closest genotypes with the lowest genetic dissimilarity value of 0.16667. EMFv104 and ARSFL-15 can be used as polymorphic markers for assessing genetic diversity of different strawberry genotypes.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization, Antioxidant and Protein Solubility-Related Properties of Polyphenolic Compounds from Walnut (Juglans regia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Labuckas ◽  
Damián Maestri ◽  
Alicia Lamarque
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Transfer ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Ionization Behavior

Aqueous ethanol extraction of partially defatted walnut flours provides a simple and reliable method to obtain extracts with high content of polyphenolic compounds. These were characterized by means of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analytical techniques and molecular parameters. Considering the whole set of polyphenolic compounds identified, a high average number of phenolic-OH groups was found. Although these represent potential hydrogen-atom transfer sites, which are associated with high free-radical scavenging capacity, results show that such a property could be strongly limited by the low lipophilicity of polyphenols affecting the accessibility of these molecules to lipid substrates. Variations in pH values were found to change the ionization behavior of phenolic compounds. These changes, however, had minor effects on walnut protein solubility-related properties. The results obtained in this study highlight the importance of molecular characterization of walnut phenolic compounds in order to assess better their bioactive properties.

scholarly journals T-cell nonmalignant clonal proliferation in ataxia telangiectasia: a cytological, immunological, and molecular characterization

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1285-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Stern ◽  
I Theodorou ◽  
A Aurias ◽  
M Maier-Redelsperger ◽  
M Debre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Ataxia Telangiectasia ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
Prolymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Clonal Proliferation ◽  
Cellular Population ◽  
Clone Cells

Abstract Cytogenetically abnormal T-cell nonmalignant clones are a characteristic feature of ataxia telangiectasia (AT). Here, we study a t(14;14) clone from a patient with AT, and provide a cytological, immunological, and molecular characterization. This cellular population is clonal at the molecular level, but is phenotypically heterogeneous, with CD4+CD8+ and CD4-CD8+ cells. Although these cells do not divide in the peripheral blood, a majority of them are found in G1 phase and express the membrane antigen 4F2, a very early marker of activation. Many similarities are found between this nonmalignant AT clone and T- cell prolymphocytic leukemia at the morphologic, cytogenetic, and immunologic levels, despite the different clinical courses associated with these proliferations. We hypothesize that the t(14;14) translocation is linked to the abnormal morphology and immunophenotype of the AT clone cells, but that this translocation confers only a preactivated state to the cells. A complete malignant transformation would then be due to secondary events.

Lasers in the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrios Anglos ◽  
Savas Georgiou ◽  
Costas Fotakis
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Detector Technology

This article reviews laser-based analytical techniques, which find applications in the field of cultural heritage diagnostics, providing information about the chemical composition of materials, at the atomic or molecular level. Lasers are intense sources of light featuring unique characteristics that have been exploited in order to enhance the performance of certain spectroscopic techniques such as Raman or fluorescence spectroscopy, or even produce new schemes of analysis, including, for instance, non-linear or remote sensing spectroscopy as well as laser ablative sampling and excitation. In parallel, with advances in laser and detector technology, compact, mobile instrumentation is becoming available that permits broader use of such laser-based techniques for analysis of materials in works of art and archaeological findings.

scholarly journals DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION OF SOFT-TISSUE STRUCTURES IN FOSSILS

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Computational Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Digital Reconstruction ◽  
New Information ◽  
Tissue Structures

AbstractIn the last two decades, advances in computational imaging techniques and digital visualization have created novel avenues for the study of fossil organisms. As a result, paleontology has undergone a shift from the pure study of physically preserved bones and teeth, and other hard tissues, to using virtual computer models to study specimens in greater detail, restore incomplete specimens, and perform biomechanical analyses. The rapidly increasing application of these techniques has further paved the way for the digital reconstruction of soft-tissue structures, which are rarely preserved or otherwise available in the fossil record. In this contribution, different types of digital soft-tissue reconstructions are introduced and reviewed. Provided examples include methodological approaches for the reconstruction of musculature, endocranial components (e.g., brain, inner ear, and neurovascular structures), and other soft tissues (e.g., whole-body and life reconstructions). Digital techniques provide versatile tools for the reconstruction of soft tissues, but given the nature of fossil specimens, some limitations and uncertainties remain. Nevertheless, digital reconstructions can provide new information, in particular if interpreted in a phylogenetically grounded framework. Combined with other digital analytical techniques (e.g., finite element analysis [FEA], multibody dynamics analysis [MDA], and computational fluid dynamics [CFD]), soft-tissue reconstructions can be used to elucidate the paleobiology of extinct organisms and to test competing evolutionary hypotheses.

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