scholarly journals The reproductive inhibitory effects of levonorgestrel, quinestrol, and EP-1 in Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9140
Author(s):  
Luye Shi ◽  
Xiujuan Li ◽  
Zhihong Ji ◽  
Zishi Wang ◽  
Yuhua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Reproductive Inhibition ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Eastern Inner Mongolia ◽  
Lasiopodomys Brandtii

Background Rodent pests can inflict devastating impacts on agriculture and the environment, leading to significant economic damage associated with their high species diversity, reproductive rates and adaptability. Fertility control methods could indirectly control rodent pest populations as well as limit ecological consequences and environmental concerns caused by lethal chemical poisons. Brandt’s voles, which are common rodent pests found in the grasslands of middle-eastern Inner Mongolia, eastern regions of Mongolia, and some regions of southern Russia, were assessed in the present study. Methods We evaluated the effects of a 2-mg/kg dose of levonorgestrel and quinestrol and a 1:1 mixture of the two (EP-1) on reproductive behavior as well as changes in the reproductive system, reproductive hormone levels, and toxicity in Brandt’s voles. Results Our results revealed that all three fertility control agents can cause reproductive inhibition at a dosage of 2 mg/kg. However, quinestrol caused a greater degree of toxicity, as determined by visible liver damage and reduced expression of the detoxifying molecule CYP1A2. Of the remaining two fertility control agents, EP-1 was superior to levonorgestrel in inhibiting the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and causing reproductive inhibition. We believe that these findings could help promote the use of these fertility control agents and, in turn, reduce the use of chemical poisons and limit their detrimental ecological and environmental impacts.

Effects of mifepristone and quinestrol on the fertility of female Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) in different reproductive phases

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Qian Su ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Jiao Qin ◽  
Tong-Liang Wang ◽  
De-Hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Reproductive Phases ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Lasiopodomys Brandtii

Mifepristone and quinestrol are effective drugs for controlling rodent fertility, but their inhibitory effectiveness during premating, early pregnancy, and late pregnancy is unknown. In this study, six groups of eight female Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) were administered with mifepristone, quinestrol, or a control for three days during premating, early pregnancy, or late pregnancy. In the mifepristone-treated groups, the premating females bred, whereas the early and late pregnant females did not. The reproductive rate, litter size, average body mass at birth, and survival rate of pups did not significantly differ between the mifepristone-treated premating group and the control group. By contrast, quinestrol treatment completely inhibited fertility during the three reproductive phases. In addition, fertility was not completely restored in the second pairing. The reproductive rates were higher for mifepristone, both during early and late pregnancy, than for quinestrol, but both were lower than the control. Thus, mifepristone and quinestrol both inhibited the fertility of female Brandt’s voles at different reproductive periods. These results suggest that these two sterilants could be delivered during the reproductive season of the target pest animal.

scholarly journals Health, economic and social lifestyle: a rapid assessment of COVID-19: evidence from MENA countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Almarayeh ◽  
Abdulateef Almarayeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Time Evaluation

Purpose Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries are among the most affected regions globally, which are expected also to be influenced significantly for an extended period. This paper aims to consider an attempt for a real-time evaluation of the colossal impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on health, economic and social sectors in MENA nations. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws from published academic studies. It is also based on the synthesis of news broadcasted and current media sources, government speeches and reports, as the novel COVID-19 situation is unfolding. The authors’ experiences investigating in this domain have also contributed to the research. Findings This investigation captures events on the novel COVID-19, as they are unfolding now. The study predicts that the COVID-19 pandemic will probably affect the general patterns of MENA people’s lifestyles. In addition, the COVID-19 epidemic will have a substantial influence on healthcare systems and economic sectors in MENA countries. Research limitations/implications This viewpoint paper offers some emerging outlooks, appearing with the contemporary novel COVID-19 outbreak. This study provides valuable insights to inform investors, policymakers and the public that natural disasters can inflict economic damage on an unprecedented scale. Originality/value This is a “real-time” evaluation study. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that map and assess the potential impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on health-care systems, economic sectors and people’s lifestyle in MENA countries.

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