scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Alternaria species associated with black point in wheat grains

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainur Turzhanova ◽  
Oxana N. Khapilina ◽  
Asem Tumenbayeva ◽  
Vladislav Shevtsov ◽  
Olesya Raiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Primer Binding Site ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Alternaria Species

The genus Alternaria is a widely distributed major plant pathogen that can act as a saprophyte in plant debris. Fungi of this genus frequently infect cereal crops and cause such diseases as black point and wheat leaf blight, which decrease the yield and quality of cereal products. A total of 25 Alternaria sp. isolates were collected from germ grains of various wheat cultivars from different geographic regions in Kazakhstan. We investigated the genetic relationships of the main Alternaria species related to black point disease of wheat in Kazakhstan, using the inter-primer binding site (iPBS) DNA profiling technique. We used 25 retrotransposon-based iPBS primers to identify the differences among and within Alternaria species populations, and analyzed the variation using clustering (UPGMA) and statistical approaches (AMOVA). Isolates of Alternaria species clustered into two main genetic groups, with species of A.alternata and A.tennuissima forming one cluster, and isolates of A. infectoria forming another. The genetic diversity found using retrotransposon profiles was strongly correlated with geographic data. Overall, the iPBS fingerprinting technique is highly informative and useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships of Alternaria species.

Utilisation of wild Cicer in chickpea improvement — progress, constraints, and prospects

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Croser ◽  
F. Ahmad ◽  
H. J. Clarke ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cicer Species ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Wild Cicer Species ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Primary Focus

Efforts to improve the yield and quality of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are constrained by a low level of intraspecific genetic diversity. Increased genetic diversity can be achieved via the hybridisation of the cultivated species with the unimproved 'wild' relatives from within the 43 species of the Cicer genus. To date, the 8 species sharing an annual growth habit and chromosome number with C. arietinum have been the primary focus of screening and introgression efforts. Screening of these species has uncovered morphological characteristics and resistance to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses that are of potential value to chickpea improvement programs. Detailed analysis of protein and DNA, karyotyping, and crossability studies have begun to elucidate the relationships between the annual Cicer species. In comparison, perennial species have received little attention due to difficulties in collection, propagation, and evaluation. This review discusses the progress towards an understanding of genetic relationships between the Cicer species, and the introgression of genes from the wild Cicer species into the cultivated species.

scholarly journals Enlarging the genetic diversity of winter oilseed rape (WOSR) by crossing with spring oilseed rape (SOSR)

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Alice Gourrion ◽  
Clara Simon ◽  
Patrick Vallée ◽  
Régine Delourme ◽  
Sébastien Chatre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
National Research Institute ◽  
Winter Type ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Spring Type

From 1970 to nowadays, breeders have improved oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in many ways: creation of double low varieties (free of erucic acid and with a low content in glucosinolates), increase of the seed yield and quality of seeds and improvement of resistance to diseases. All this work helped oilseed rape to become one of the most produced oilseed crop in the world. However, this intensive breeding on quality has reduced the genetic diversity of winter oilseed rape. In this study, a group of four breeding companies (RAGT, Limagrain, Syngenta, Euralis) called “GIE Colza” has been working with INRAE (National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, France) on the FSRSO project “Printiver”. This project aimed at enlarging the genetic variability available in winter-type oilseed rape through crossing with spring-type materials to create lines with a winter-type behavior (need of vernalization) and a genetic background that has introgressed spring-type genetic diversity. Two pools have been created and selected for their need of vernalization, date of flowering, yield and other agronomic traits. The Group tested these two pools in multilocal trials. The results show interesting per se value and combining ability.

scholarly journals YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOFT WHEAT CEREAL PRODUCTS DEPENDING ON VARIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
G. M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
V. V. Liubych ◽  
I. A. Polianetska ◽  
V. V. Zheliezna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Discordance Between Geographical Distribution and Genetic Relationship Among Populations of Japanese Red Pine in Korea Revealed by Analysis of I-SSR Markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-P. Hong ◽  
H.-Y. Kwon ◽  
K.-S. Kim ◽  
K.-N. Hong ◽  
Y.-Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Gene Conservation ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Japanese Red Pine ◽  
Distant Location

Abstract Level and distribution of genetic diversity in 8 populations of Japanese red pine in Korea were estimated using I-SSR variants. A total of 80 I-SSR variants were observed in the analyzed 150 individuals, which revealed DNA fingerprints-like individual specific amplicon profiles for all of them. Relatively higher level of genetic diversity within populations was observed in 8 populations of Japanese red pine (mean of 0.450) than in other tree species. From the results of AMOVA, majority of genetic diversity was allocated within populations (93.42%) resulting in a moderate degree of population differentiation (ΦST= 0.066). The observed distribution pattern of I-SSR variants among 8 populations was coincided with the typical patterns for the long-lived woody species. Genetic relationships among the populations, reconstructed by UPGMA and Neighbor- Joining methods, revealed 2 genetic groups. The populations of Gangwon-Uljin and Chungnam-Taean turned out to be the most closely related despite a distant location between them. The overall genetic relationships among the 8 populations, reconstructed by both methods, were not coincided with geographic distances. The discrepancy between genetic relationships and geographical distribution among the populations suggests that the analyzed populations might have undergone random changes in genetic composition due to some kinds of disturbances. Results obtained in this study suggests that more careful approach should be made in preparing strategy for gene conservation of Japanese red pine in Korea. More information on countrywide molecular population genetic status of Japanese red pine will be helpful to prepare more reasonable strategy for gene conservation of the species in the country.

scholarly journals I-SSR Markers Revealed Inconsistent Phylogeographic Patterns among Populations of Japanese Red Pines in Korea

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-P. Hong ◽  
H.-Y. Kwon ◽  
I.-S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Gene Conservation ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Reported Data

Abstract To monitor the level and distribution pattern of genetic diversity in countrywide populations of Japanese red pines in Korea, 80 I-SSR variants were analyzed from 192 individuals in 11 populations. The previously reported data, obtained from the 8 populations of this species, were incorporated into the estimation of the population genetic statistics. Relatively higher level of genetic diversity was observed in 19 populations of Japanese red pines (mean of 0.453) than those in other tree species. From the results of AMOVA, majority of genetic diversity (92%) was allocated within populations, which brought about the moderate degree of population differentiation (ϕST= 0.08). Two genetic groups were observed from the dendrogram reconstructed by UPGMA. Overall correlation between genetic relationships and geographic affinity was inconsistent among the 19 populations. Some probable genetic disturbances, induced by either human interference or the natural process of regeneration for the species after devastation, might be responsible for the discrepancy between genetic relationships and geographical distribution of the populations. These results suggested that simple geographic or ecological grouping might not represent the genetic zone of the Korean populations of Japanese red pines, and that more careful approach should be made for designating in situ gene conservation of this species in Korea.

scholarly journals Diversity and Genetic Relationship of Free-Range Chickens from the Northeast Region of Brazil

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1857
Author(s):  
Débora Araújo de Carvalho ◽  
Amparo Martínez Martínez ◽  
Inês Carolino ◽  
Maria Claudene Barros ◽  
María Esperanza Camacho Vallejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
High Genetic Variability ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Relationship Of

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity within and among chicken breeds from the northeast region of Brazil (states of Bahia and Piauí) using microsatellite markers. In addition, we assessed the identity and genetic relationships of chickens from Europe, Africa, and South America, as well as their influence on the formation of the Brazilian breeds. A total of 25 microsatellite markers and a panel containing 886 samples from 20 breeds (including the Brazilian chickens) were used in this study. Different statistical parameters were used to estimate the genetic diversity and relationship among the genetic groups studied. Our study indicates that the Brazilian Creole chickens have high genetic variability. The results show that chickens reared in the states of Bahia and Piauí could have originated from different ancestors. The Brazilian breeds studied have an evolutionary relationship with chickens from Portugal, Nigeria, Chile, and Spain. Our results will contribute directly to the conservation and recognition of Brazilian Creole chicken breeds and provide a solid basis for the demonstration of their genetic identity and genetic conservation of American Creole chicken populations.

Evolution of yield and quality of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in the spring growth cycle

Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Borreani ◽  
Pier Giorgio Peiretti ◽  
Ernesto Tabacco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Yield And Quality

Орошение томата F1 Донской в открытом грунте Московской области

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Engalychev ◽  
N.A. Engalycheva ◽  
A.M. Menshikh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Alluvial Meadow ◽  
Standard Production ◽  
Moscow River

Представлены экспериментальные данные о влиянии капельного орошения на урожайность и качество плодов томата при выращивании культуры в открытом грунте Московской области. На плодородных аллювиальных луговых почвах Москворецкой поймы при соблюдении агротехники без орошения в среднем за три года исследований в полевых условиях получена урожайность томата F1 Донской 31,9 т/га, с орошением 48,5 т/га, в т.ч. стандартной продукции 42,6 т/га.The article presents experimental data on the effect of drip irrigation on the yield and quality of tomato fruits when growing crops in open ground of the Moscow Region. On fertile alluvial meadow soils of the Moscow river floodplain, with the observance of agricultural technology without irrigation, the field yield of tomato hybrid F1 Donskoi on average for three years of research was 31.9 t/ha, with irrigation 48.5 t/ha, incl. standard production 42.6 t/ha.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document