scholarly journals New titanosauriform (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of southern China

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8237
Author(s):  
Fenglu Han ◽  
Xing Xu ◽  
Corwin Sullivan ◽  
Leqing Huang ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Complex Patterns ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
Stratigraphic Interval

Titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs were once considered rare in the Upper Cretaceous of Asia, but a number of titanosauriforms from this stratigraphic interval have been discovered in China in recent years. In fact, all adequately known Cretaceous Asian sauropods are titanosauriforms, but only a few have been well studied, lending significance to any new anatomical information that can be extracted from Asia’s Cretaceous sauropod record. Here we give a detailed description of some titanosauriform bones recovered recently from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of Tianyuan County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, southern China. The occurrence of this material in Hunan increases the known geographic range of titanosauriforms in eastern Asia. Although all of the specimens discussed in this paper can be assigned to Titanosauriformes at least tentatively, some bones display a limited number of features that are more typical of basal sauropods and/or derived diplodocoids, suggesting complex patterns of character evolution within Neosauropoda.

scholarly journals Transport, mixing and feedback of dust, biomass burning and anthropogenic pollutants in eastern Asia: a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 16345-16361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derong Zhou ◽  
Ke Ding ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Lixia Liu ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Pollution Episode ◽  
The Yrd

Abstract. Anthropogenic fossil fuel (FF) combustion, biomass burning (BB) and desert dust are the main sources of air pollutants around the globe but are particularly intensive and important for air quality in Asia in spring. In this study, we investigate the vertical distribution, transport characteristics, source contribution and meteorological feedback of these aerosols in a unique pollution episode that occurred in eastern Asia based on various measurement data and modeling methods. In this episode, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in eastern China experienced persistent air pollution, dramatically changing from secondary fine particulate pollution to dust pollution in late March 2015. The Eulerian and Lagrangian models were conducted to investigate the vertical structure, transport characteristics and mechanisms of the multi-scale, multisource and multiday air pollution episode. The regional polluted continental aerosols mainly accumulated near the surface, mixed with dust aerosol downwash from the upper planetary boundary layer (PBL) and middle–lower troposphere (MLT), and further transported by large-scale cold fronts and warm conveyor belts. BB smoke from Southeast Asia was transported by westerlies around the altitude of 3 km from southern China, was further mixed with dust and FF aerosols in eastern China and experienced long-range transport over the Pacific. These pollutants could all be transported to the YRD region and cause a structure of multilayer pollution there. These pollutants could also cause significant feedback with MLT meteorology and then enhance local anthropogenic pollution. This study highlights the importance of intensive vertical measurement in eastern China and the downwind Pacific Ocean and raises the need for quantitative understanding of environmental and climate impacts of these pollution sources.

Rhinogobius maculagenys, A new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Hunan, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4476 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
QIANQIAN WU ◽  
XUEJIAN DENG ◽  
YANJIE WANG ◽  
YONG LIU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Freshwater Goby ◽  
Single Spine ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Bright Blue

A new freshwater goby, Rhinogobius maculagenys sp. nov., was collected from Hunan Province in Southern China. This species can be distinguished from all congeners by a combination of the following features: first dorsal fin with 6 spines; second dorsal fin with a single spine and 7–9 segmented rays; anal fin with a single spine and 6–8 segmented rays; pectoral fin with 16 segmented rays; 32–34 longitudinal scales; 9–13 transverse scales; 11+16=27 vertebrae; pore ω1 missing; head and body yellowish brown; cheek and opercle yellowish brown with over 30 small orange spots, branchiostegal membrane yellow with over 10 small orange spots in males and white and spotless in females; first dorsal fin trapezoidal in males and nearly semicircular in females, with large bright blue blotch in front of second spine; spines 4 and 5 longest, rear tip extending to base of second branched ray of second dorsal fin in males when adpressed, but just reaching or not reaching anterior margin of second dorsal fin in females; caudal fin with 5–6 vertical rows of brown spots; flank with several longitudinal rows of blackish-brown spots; and belly pale white.

scholarly journals Reexamination of a primitive ornithomimosaur, Garudimimus brevipes Barsbold, 1981 (Dinosauria: Theropoda), from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1501-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitsugu Kobayashi ◽  
Rinchen Barsbold
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Caudal Vertebra ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Original Diagnosis ◽  
Deep Groove ◽  
Dorsal Process ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
Edentulous Jaws

The holotype of Garudimimus brevipes, discovered from the Upper Cretaceous sediments of Mongolia and named by Barsbold in 1981, is redescribed in detail in this paper. Reexamination of the holotype reveals a great deal of anatomical information, which allows us to revise the original diagnosis of this taxon and make comparisons with other ornithomimosaur taxa to understand the evolution of ornithomimosaurs. This paper suggests that characters used to differentiate this taxon in the original paper (short ilia, short metatarsals, exposure of the proximal end of metatarsal III, presence of pedal digit I, and absence of pleurocoels) are not apomorphies but represent the primitive conditions in ornithomimosaurs and are symplesiomorphies. Revised diagnoses are assigned for G. brevipes (posteriorly positioned jaw articulation, fossae at base of dorsal process of supraoccipital, paired depressions on neural spines of proximal caudal vertebra, and deep groove on lateral surface of pedal phalanges III-1 and III-2). Metatarsals of Garudimimus display a non-arctometatarsalian condition as in an Early Cretaceous form, Harpymimus, but the constriction of metatarsal III in Garudimimus is intermediate between Harpymimus and the arctometatarsalian condition in Gallimimus and other derived ornithomimosaurs (ornithomimids). Garudimimus is the only non-ornithomimid ornithomimosaur with edentulous jaws, which were probably covered by rhamphothecae. The loss of teeth with evolution of rhamphothecae and development of a cutting edge in the dentary of Garudimimus suggest the acquisition of feeding habits that included plucking food at the anterior portion of the jaw and cutting at the middle portion, similar to ornithomimids.

scholarly journals Emergence and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Getah Virus Isolated in Southern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongwei Ren ◽  
Qingrong Mo ◽  
Yuxu Wang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Zuorong Nong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Getah Virus

Getah virus (GETV) has caused many outbreaks in animals in recent years. Monitoring of the virus and its related diseases is crucial to control the transmission of the virus. In the summer of 2018, we conducted routine tests on clinical samples from different pig farms in Guangxi province, South China, and isolated and characterized a GETV strain, named GX201808. Cytopathic effects were observed in BHK-21 cells inoculated with GX201808. The expression of E2 protein of GETV could be detected in virus-infected cells by indirect immunofluorescence assays. Electron microscopic analysis showed that the virus particles were spherical and ~70 nm in diameter with featured surface fibers. The multistep growth curves showed the virus propagated well in the BHK-21 cells. Molecular genetic analysis revealed that GX201808 belongs to Group 3, represented by Kochi-01-2005 isolated in Japan in 2005, and it clustered closely with the recently reported Chinese strains isolated from pigs, cattle, and foxes. A comparison of the identities of nucleotides and amino acids in the coding regions demonstrated that the GX201808 showed the highest amino acid identity (99.6%) with the HuN1 strain, a highly pathogenic isolate resulting in an outbreak of GETV infection in swine herds in Hunan province in 2017. In the present study, GETV was identified and isolated for the first time in Guangxi province of southern China, suggesting that future surveillance of this virus should be strengthened.

scholarly journals The precipitation chemistry and acidity over China during 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Jia ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Rain Area ◽  
Chemistry Data ◽  
Precipitation Ph

This paper reports the acid rain observation data from 376 Acid Rain Monitoring stations and the precipitation chemistry data from 5 Global Atmosphere Watch stations of China Meteorological Administration(CMA) during 2018. The variation characteristics of acid rain in China and that of precipitation chemistry in Eastern China are discussed. The results show that the acid rain area in China is mainly distributed in the Southeast and South of China and dispersively in North and Southwest of China. Heavy acid rain area is only limited in Eastern part of Hunan province. The annual mean precipitation pH value of all stations in 2018 ranges from 3.73 to 8.07 and the national annual mean precipitation pH value is 5.94, which is higher than those of 2010-2017. The national annual mean precipitation conductivity is 47.7 μS·cm-1 with the higher conductivity in Northern China and lower in Southern China. Compared with 2010-2017, the acid rain pollution situation over China has been improving nationwide. The precipitation chemistry data shows that the concentration of sulfate is close to nitrate in precipitation and keeps decreasing in recent years.

Revision of Hamites wernickei (Cephalopoda, Ancyloceratina) from the classic Lüneburg section (Upper Cretaceous, northern Germany)

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-644
Author(s):  
Birgit Niebuhr ◽  
John W.M. Jagt
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Upper Austria ◽  
Upper Campanian

Abstract A re-examination of heteromorph ammonites of late Campanian age from the Zeltberg section at Lüneburg has demonstrated that the type series of Hamites wernickei in fact comprises two different species that are here assigned to the nostoceratid Nostoceras Hyatt, 1894 and the polyptychoceratid Oxybeloceras Hyatt, 1900. Nostoceras (Didymoceras) wernickei (Wollemann, 1902) comb. nov., to which three of the four specimens that were described and illustrated by Wollemann (1902) belong, has irregularities of ribbing and tuberculation and changes its direction of growth at the transition from the helicoidal whorls to the hook, which is a typical feature of members of the subfamily Nostoceratinae. Torsion of body chambers is not developed in hairpin-shaped ammonite species, which means that the species name wernickei is no longer available for such polyptychoceratine diplomoceratids. Consequently, the fourth specimen figured and assigned to Hamites wernickei by Wollemann (1902) is here transferred to Oxybeloceras and considered conspecific to material from the Hannover area (Lehrte West Syncline) as O. aff. crassum (Whitfield, 1877). In addition to the “Heteroceras-Schicht des Mucronaten-Senons” of Lüneburg (bipunctatum/roemeri Zone, upper upper Campanian), the geographic range of N. (D.) wernickei probably includes Upper Austria, Tunisia and the Donbass region, while O. aff. crassum is known from the Hannover area (northern Germany), southern France, northern Spain and Upper Austria.

Application of TRIPLEX model for predicting Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana forest stand production in Hunan Province, southern China

2013 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 58-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Zhao ◽  
Wenhua Xiang ◽  
Xiangwen Deng ◽  
Dalun Tian ◽  
Zhihong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Hunan Province
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