scholarly journals Local fishermen’s perceptions of the usefulness of artificial reef ecosystem services in Portugal

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Ramos ◽  
Pedro G. Lino ◽  
Amber Himes-Cornell ◽  
Miguel N. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Biodiversity Preservation ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Proponents of artificial reef (AR) deployment are often motivated by the usefulness of such structures. The usefulness of ARs is related to their capability of providing ecosystem services/additional functions. We present two distinct Portuguese AR case studies: (1) The Nazaré reef off the central coast of Portugal and (2) the Oura reef off the Algarve coast. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with local fishermen in the fishing towns of Nazaré and Quarteira pre-and post-AR deployment. The main focus of the interviews was to understand fishermen’s perception of AR usefulness (or lack thereof) in terms of nine ecosystem services/additional functions potentially provided by the ARs. We tested the null hypothesis that ARs do not provide additional ecosystem services/additional functions. When queried pre-AR deployment, fishermen indicated that ARs are most likely to provide three ecosystem services: “habitat and refuge,” “biodiversity preservation” and “food production.” Fishermen had similar perceptions post-deployment. For the Nazaré reef, fishermen tended to have a positive or neutral perception of ecosystem services/additional functions being provided by ARs. For the Oura reef, fishermen tended to have a mostly neutral perception of AR ecosystem services; however, there were also some positive and other negative perceptions. It was difficult for stakeholders to conceptualize some of the ecosystem services/additional functions provided by ARs prior to actively using them. As a result, some stakeholders changed their perception of the ecosystem services/additional functions after using the structures. These results indicate that stakeholders likely need to perceive ARs as useful in order for them to provide their support for AR installation. Likewise, their support is often needed to justify the use of public funds to install ARs, therefore making it imperative for resource managers to undertake similar interviews with fishermen when considering the use of ARs in other areas.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Energy Crop Production by Lay People and Farmers Using the Ecosystem Services Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Lupp ◽  
Olaf Bastian ◽  
Ralf-Uwe Syrbe ◽  
Reimund Steinhäußer
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Abstract Perceptions of energy crop production are assessed in this paper. The Görlitz district (Germany) serves as a case study area for this purpose. Semi-structured interviews with farmers and standardized surveys among lay persons were conducted. Many farmers perceive themselves being responsible for providing many ecosystem services. Farmers prefer a regional scale of energy crop cultivation based on conventional crops. Improved legal frameworks and incentives would safeguard equal competition and ecosystem services. Laypersons think that drinking water, food production, biodiversity and pollination are the most important ecosystem services of agricultural landscapes. Providing biomass for renewable energy production is not considered to be an important ecosystem service. Laypersons believe that biomass production should be restricted to fields that are not needed for food production, and the use of residues or landscape management materials. According to laypersons, more money should be spent to halt the decline of ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Community-Based Importance and Quantification of Ecosystem Services, Disservices, Drivers, and Neotropical Dry Forests in a Rural Colombian Municipality

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Yuli Paola Tovar Tique ◽  
Francisco J. Escobedo ◽  
Nicola Clerici
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
Neotropical Dry Forests ◽  
Management Institutions

Few studies analyze people’s preferences for ecosystem services (ES), disservices (ED) and drivers of change in less populated, tropical municipalities. Understanding such preferences and needs by the community and stakeholder groups before actually assessing, modelling, and measuring the supply of ES is key for decision-making and planning in municipalities, as well as for the conservation of nearby neotropical dry forests. We studied these dynamics in a small rural municipality in Colombia with limited data availability using semi-structured interviews and surveys, as well as ES-proxies and geospatial analyses. We then analyzed the supply and importance of two community identified ES and one ED from adjacent neotropical dry forests during 2005–2017. We found that respondents recognized air purification and food production as the most important ES. Increased temperatures and fires were the most important ED, while fires were also identified as an important driver of change. Air purification, via pollutant deposition to forest cover, remained approximately constant (116 ton/year), while food production (49 ton/ha) and fire occurrence, an ED, increased. Findings show how transdisciplinary research and participatory knowledge co-production among local communities, researchers and land management institutions can improve governance, decision making, policy uptake and planning efforts.

scholarly journals Conservation Debates: People’s Perceptions and Values towards a Privately Protected Area in Southern Ecuador

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Verónica Iñiguez-Gallardo ◽  
Fabián Reyes-Bueno ◽  
Olga Peñaranda
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Land Tenure System

The perceptions and values that local communities have towards protected areas are of great value for the improvement of these territories’ management. Such perceptions and values are often absent in the conservation planning process, particularly in those privately protected areas that are established in areas where the land tenure system is based not only on ownership but also on customary uses. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data obtained through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and members of communities surrounding a privately protected area in southern Ecuador, we identify that the level of collaboration with the managers, the distance to the protected area, the percentage of untitled land, and the dependence on the resources (customary uses) are among the variables affecting these perceptions and values. Positive perceptions towards protected areas and naturalistic values are developed among those who collaborate with the protected area managers, whereas negative perceptions, and a mix of naturalistic and biospheric values are developed among those who have a sense of a lack of attention to social needs although supporting nature conservation at the same time. The evidence presented shows the importance of matching local peoples’ expectations with conservation goals during the establishment of a protected area.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Xuege Wang ◽  
Fengqin Yan ◽  
Yinwei Zeng ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Bin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Farmland Loss ◽  
The World

Extensive urbanization around the world has caused a great loss of farmland, which significantly impacts the ecosystem services provided by farmland. This study investigated the farmland loss due to urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China from 1980 to 2018 based on multiperiod datasets from the Land Use and Land Cover of China databases. Then, we calculated ecosystem service values (ESVs) of farmland using valuation methods to estimate the ecosystem service variations caused by urbanization in the study area. The results showed that 3711.3 km2 of farmland disappeared because of urbanization, and paddy fields suffered much higher losses than dry farmland. Most of the farmland was converted to urban residential land from 1980 to 2018. In the past 38 years, the ESV of farmland decreased by 5036.7 million yuan due to urbanization, with the highest loss of 2177.5 million yuan from 2000–2010. The hydrological regulation, food production and gas regulation of farmland decreased the most due to urbanization. The top five cities that had the largest total ESV loss of farmland caused by urbanization were Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Shenzhen and Huizhou. This study revealed that urbanization has increasingly become the dominant reason for farmland loss in the GBA. Our study suggests that governments should increase the construction of ecological cities and attractive countryside to protect farmland and improve the regional ESV.

Ecosystem services and tradeoffs in the home food gardens of African American, Chinese-origin and Mexican-origin households in Chicago, IL

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Taylor ◽  
Sarah Taylor Lovell ◽  
Sam E. Wortman ◽  
Michelle Chan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Chinese Origin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food Gardens

AbstractWith increasing urbanization and environmental degradation, urban landscapes are increasingly expected to provide a wide range of ecosystem services typically associated with rural areas, including biodiversity conservation and food production. Because residential landscapes constitute the largest single urban land use, domestic gardens have emerged as a topic of research interest and planning concern. The ecosystem services (or disservices) these landscapes provide, however, have not been rigorously measured, nor have tradeoffs between the services they provide been assessed. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 59 African American, Chinese-origin or Mexican-origin households with on-lot or vacant lot food gardens in Chicago. Crop plants and cultivated ornamental plants on the lot were inventoried and mapped at the species level. A total of 123 edible plant taxa from 25 families and 288 ornamental plant species from 85 families were identified, for a combined total of 387 species from 90 families. Cumulatively, the gardens of African American households were relatively rich in ornamental plant species and families, while those of Chinese-origin households had a depauperate flora. Crop plant richness was more even across sample types. Shade trees and a developed shrub layer were absent from most gardens, possibly representing a tradeoff in ecosystem services in favor of food production. The richness of the aggregate 2.1 ha of residential property inventoried in this study was comparable with or exceeded that of a 34 ha prairie remnant west of Chicago. However, only 35 (9.6%) of the inventoried species were native to the Chicago area.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Normal Concrete and Clamshell as Materials of Artificial Pyramid Reef at Pasir Putih Beach, Situbondo - Indonesia

Jurnal Segara ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rudhy Akhwady ◽  
Muhammad Akhyar Maududi ◽  
Dwi Chandra Dewi ◽  
Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Underwater Camera ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Important Purpose ◽  
Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Better Than

The bivalve anadara grandis is one of the most abundant shells which are easy to find in Indonesian waters. The number of clams consumed is directly proportional to the amount of clamshell waste, which the most part is only disposed into waste. Coral reef has a very important purpose in supporting activities in coastal areas. Artificial reef is a structure that has aim to restore the biological purpose coral reef that have been damaged. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the use of normal concrete (made from sand, cement dan splits only) than clamshell mixture as materials of artificial reef.  A field research was conducted in Pasir Putih, Situbondo, with visual descriptive method (transect with a quadrant of 25 x 25cm) and underwater camera as an aid to facilitate the observation. During the 4-month observation of the drowning, nine types of biotas were found in attaching, with the dominant biota attached to these artificial reef were bivalves, barnacles, and bryozoan. Results show that the total number and density of calcareous biota attached on clamshell concretes are higher than those of standard concretes. So, it could be concluded that the concrete reefs made of clamshells resulted in attachment of biota slightly higher than it of normal concretes and the benefits of both materials can form the coral reef ecosystem well. In particular, the use of artificial reef with a mixture of clamshells is better than normal concrete because its more effective for algae attachment and cheaper because  low budget due to the material availability of clamshell presently as damage and wastes in coastal area.

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