scholarly journals Economic value of trees in the estate of the Harewood House stately home in the United Kingdom

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5411
Author(s):  
Julie Peacock ◽  
Joey Ting ◽  
Karen L. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Pollution Removal ◽  
Untapped Resource

The estates of stately homes or manor houses are an untapped resource for assessing the ecosystem services provided by trees. Many of these estates have large collections of trees with clear value in terms of carbon storage, runoff prevention, and pollution removal along with additional benefits to biodiversity and human health. The estate of Harewood House in North Yorkshire represents an ideal example of such a stately home with a mixture of parkland and more formally planted gardens. The trees in each type of garden were analysed for height, diameter at breast height and light exposure. The data were then processed in iTrees software to generate economic benefits for each tree in both gardens. The analysis found that the larger North Front parkland garden had greater total benefits but the more densely planted formal West Garden had the greater per hectare value. In total, the trees on Harewood House estate are estimated to provide approximately £29 million in ecosystem service benefits. This study is the first to analyse the trees of stately homes for economic benefits and highlights that the trees are a valuable commodity for the estates. This should be considered in future planning and management of such estates.

scholarly journals Struktur Komunitas, Cadangan Karbon, dan Estimasi Nilai Ekonomi Mangrove di Muara Sungai Musi

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Harum Farahisah ◽  
Fredinan Yulianda ◽  
Hefni Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Musi River

Mangrove ecosystem services, aside for the fisheries sector, also have ecosystem services in mitigating climate change as carbon sinks and storage. Musi river estuary located in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra has the potential of mangrove forests as carbon reserves. The purpose of the study is to analyze the community structure, potential carbon stocks, and economic value of mangroves in the Musi River Estuary. Data were collected at five stations using the 100 m quadratic transect method vertically to the coastline. Data analysis was conducted based on the allometric equation for biomass information, carbon storage, and the economic value of carbon stores. Mangrove ecosystems in the Musi River estuary are Sonneratia alba, Nypa fruticans, Sonneratia casiolaris, and Rhizopora apiculata. Mangrove species that have important roles in the sustainability of ecosystems are Nypa fruticans and Sonneratia alba each with IVI of 145.6 and 101.28, respectively. Carbon storage of mangrove in the Musi river estuary is 107.34 tonC / ha and carbon dioxide absorption is 393.59 tCO2 / ha with a mangrove area of ± 5276 ha. The total estimated economic value of carbon generated from mangrove are Rp174.441.016.895 (free market) and Rp455.872.524.151 (CDM). Keywords: carbon, mangrove, Musi river estuary

scholarly journals Economic valuation and mapping of Ecosystem Services in the context of protected area management (Natural Park of Serra de São Mamede, Portugal)

One Ecosystem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Marta-Pedroso ◽  
Lia Laporta ◽  
Ivo Gama ◽  
Tiago Domingos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Natural Park

Demonstrating economic benefits generated by protected areas is often pointed out as pivotal for supporting decision-making. We argue in this paper that the concept of ecosystem services (ES), defined as the benefits humans derive from ecosystems, provides a consistent framework to approach this issue as it links ecosystem functioning and benefits, including benefits with economic value. This study aimed at providing evidence on how to bring the economic value of protected areas to the decision-making process and contributing to extend current EU Member States' experience in mapping and assessing the economic value of ES in the context of the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 (Action 5). In doing so, we used the Natural Park of Serra de S. Mamede (PNSSM), located in the Alentejo NUTS II region, as a case study. We followed a three-step approach to pursue our goals, entailing stakeholders' engagement for selecting relevant ES (through a participatory workshop), biophysical mapping of ES flows (based on a multi-tiered approach depending on data availability) and spatial economic estimation of such flows (using value transfer, willingness-to-pay and market price methods). Our results indicate that the ES with highest economic value are not always the ones with higher perceived value by stakeholders. For most ES, the economic value increased with increasing protection level within the park, except for the crop production service. Although no formal uncertainty or sensitivity analysis has been performed, the following range is based on a critical assessment of non-primary data used. We estimated the aggregate annual value of PNSSM to be 11 to 33M€/year (representing 0.1 to 0.3% of the regional NUTSII Alentejo Gross Domestic Product). Our findings reinforce the need to adopt mixes of monetary and non-monetary valuation processes and not to rely just on one approach or measure of value while bringing ES into protected areas management.

Measuring the Total Economic Value of Restoring Ecosystem Services in Erhai Lake Basin: Results from a Contingent Valuation Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1208-1212
Author(s):  
Wei Juan Mao ◽  
Ping Ning ◽  
Guang Fei Qu ◽  
Shang Hua Luo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Erhai Lake ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Non Market Valuation

The contingent valuation method is one of the most significant approaches of non-market valuation techniques and has been used widely. The authors take it as a tool to analyze the economic benefits of restoring ecosystem service in an impaired river basin， Erhai lake basin. To obtain accurate benefit estimates using CVM technique requires detailed descriptions of the resources being valued. Results from 100 in-person interviews indicate that 84.7% of the households in Erhai lake basin would like to pay for restoring the ecosystem services of Erhai. The analysis of the payment card data shows that the average willingness to pay (WTP) is 80.325 RMB Yuan per household per year. The annual aggregate benefits of restoring ecosystem services of Erhai lake Basin is at least 6.426×107 RMB Yuan，calculated by the number of the households about 800,000 in the Erhai lake basin. This result is a conservative estimate for the economic value of restoring the ecosystem services of Erhai lake basin because of the positive externalities of restoring the ecosystem services on the outside of Erhai lake basin.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sampling Protocol for i-Tree Eco: A Case Study in Predicting Ecosystem Services at Auburn University

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Martin ◽  
Arthur Chappelka ◽  
Greg Somers ◽  
Edward Loewenstein ◽  
Gary Keever
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Auburn University ◽  
Pollution Removal

Auburn University (Auburn, Alabama, U.S.) was used as a site for a case study evaluating the standard plot sampling protocol for i-Tree Eco. A 100% tree inventory of the managed areas of campus was conducted in 2009–2010 and provided a complete data set for the evaluation. Air pollution removal, carbon storage, and carbon sequestration were the ecosystem services examined. Total tree population was also utilized for this assessment to provide a comparison to i-Tree Eco protocol. To achieve an estimate with a ±10% allowable error of the total campus value, 622 plots (0.04 ha each) with at least one tree present would need to be inventoried for air pollution removal, 870 plots for carbon storage, 483 plots for carbon sequestration, and 258 plots for number of trees, as opposed to the standard i-Tree Eco protocol of 200 plots. This study provides a first step in evaluating i-Tree Eco sampling protocol; however, efforts testing these results at sites throughout the southern United States are needed to provide the most accurate estimate of plot numbers necessary for predicting ecosystem services of urban forests.

scholarly journals Using a residency index to estimate the economic value of saltmarsh provisioning services for commercially important fish species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah A. McCormick ◽  
Roberto Salguero-Gómez ◽  
Morena Mills ◽  
Katrina Davis
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Economic Analyses

ABSTRACTEvery year, 100 hectares of saltmarsh in the United Kingdom are lost due to sea level rise. The remaining areas are threatened by land conversion, agricultural activities, and climate change. There are important economic consequences to saltmarsh loss, as saltmarsh provides valuable ecosystem services including flood protection, carbon sequestration, and nursery habitat for commercially fished species. Quantifying the economic value of these ecosystem services can help target policies for saltmarsh restoration, or ‘managed realignment’, of new saltmarsh areas. In this study, we quantify the economic value of saltmarsh as a habitat for commercially fished species by developing a residency index. The residency index weights the relative importance of saltmarsh along a species’ lifecycle by explicitly incorporating the target species’ life histories and the estimated proportion of time it spends in saltmarsh at juvenile and adult life stages. Using this index, we estimate the value of saltmarsh to UK commercial fisheries landings. We find that UK saltmarsh contributes annually between 16.7% and 18.2% of total UK commercial landings for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), and Common sole (Solea solea). Our findings highlight the importance of saltmarsh protection and restoration. Furthermore, our approach provides a general framework that integrates population ecology methods and economic analyses to assess the value of saltmarsh and other coastal habitats for fisheries worldwide.

scholarly journals Understanding the Ecosystem Services of Urban Forests: Implications for Climate Change Mitigtation in the case of Adama City of Oromiya Region Sate, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hingabu Hordofa Koricho ◽  
Ararsa Derese Seboka ◽  
Fekadu Fufa ◽  
Tikabo Gebreyesus ◽  
Shaoxian Song
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Pollution Removal ◽  
The City

Abstract Background this study was conducted to explore the ecosystem services of urban forests in Adama city, central Ethiopia. Attempts were made to quantify the carbon storage and sequestration, air pollution removal and hydrological benefits of urban trees. The urban forest stracture and composition of the city was surveyed and analyzed. The i-Tree Eco Model was employed to analyze the ecosystem services based on the current urban forests structure of the city. Results the result revealed that the urban trees of the Adama city stored a total of 116,000 tons of carbon. The tree species identified with higher CO2 sequestration per year were Melia azedarach (15%), Eucalyptusglobulus (8%, Carica papaya(7%), and Delonix regia (6%). Approximately 22, 12, 10 and 4% of carbon were stored by Eucalyptus globulus, Melia azedarach, Carica papaya and Delonix regia tree species respectively. Moreover, trees and shrubs spps. in the city removed about 188 thousand tons of air pollutants caused by O3, CO, NO2, PM2.5 and SO2 per year. In Adama, 35% of the urban trees’ VOC emissions were from Eucalyptus cinerea and Eucalyptus globulus. The monetary value of Adama urban forest in terms of carbon storage, carbon sequestration, and pollution removal was estimated to 43,781, 3,121 yr− 1 and 320,915,596 USD yr− 1, respectively. Conclusions it was concluded that significant quantiy of CO2 and air pollutnants were found being removed by the exotic tree and shrub species. However, every plant species found in the city does not mean ecologically important due their VOC emitting nature. Thus, proper planning and inventories of urban forests should be put in place by the key stakeholders such as government, urban foresters and city dwellers as urban trees mitigates climate changes and essential to alleviate urban pollution besides the trees add esthetic value to the city.

Pruning intensity of street trees and associated effects on ecosystem services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Ting Cheng ◽  
Shuo Wei
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
City Government ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Street Tree ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Pollution Removal ◽  
Pruning Intensity

<p>Urban street trees provide multiple ecosystem services to city residents. In the Taipei city of Taiwan, street tree pruning is periodically applied due to disastrous prevention of typhoons or storms. To understand how pruning intensity affects the value of ecosystem services, we evaluated the changes of ecosystem services provided by a total of 87,014 street trees in Taipei in terms of pollution removal, carbon storage, gross carbon sequestration, and runoff avoidance. The current status of each ecosystem service was calculated using i-Tree Eco developed by US Forest Service based on the street tree inventory conducted by Parks and Street Lights Office, Taipei City Government during 2015 to 2017. Inventory information included tree species, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, and their locations. To simulate pruning intensity from 10% to 100%, we adjusted the crown missing rate from the current canopy cover estimated by DBH and tree height and quantified their associated effects on the ecosystem services. Then, for comparison purposes, each ecosystem service was transformed into monetary values using US market value of water, carbon, air pollution removal, and electricity. Our analysis showed that the Taipei street trees currently hold a relatively stable age structure with lower risk of disease or pest outbreak. These trees were estimated to deliver ecosystem services of equivalent value of 5.6 million USD, to which 4.97 million USD was contributed by carbon storage. Based on the pruning intensity simulation, we suggest a 20% or lower pruning intensity considering street trees’ impairment and physiology, to maximize the ecosystem service values. We also recommend landscape managers to monitor and assess the growth and health of the street trees to promote sustainable development in the Taipei city.</p>

Climate change assessment impacts on the coastal area of Maliakos Gulf, Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mentzafou ◽  
A. Conides ◽  
E. Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Wetland Loss ◽  
Mitigation Planning ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Climate Change Assessment ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Abstract Coastal ecosystems are linked to socio-economic development, but simultaneously, are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change and sea level rise (SLR). Within this scope, detailed topographic data resources of Spercheios River and Maliakos Gulf coastal area in Greece, combined with information concerning the economic value of the most important sectors of the area (wetland services, land property, infrastructure, income) were employed, so as to examine the impacts of three SLR scenarios, compiled based on the most recent regional projections reviewed. Based on the results, in the case of 0.3 m, 0.6 m and 1.0 m SLR, the terrestrial zone to be lost was estimated to be 6.2 km2, 18.9 km2 and 31.1 km2, respectively. For each scenario examined, wetlands comprise 68%, 41% and 39% of the total area lost, respectively, reflecting their sensitivity to even small SLR. The total economic impact of SLR was estimated to be 75.4 × 106 €, 161.7 × 106 € and 510.7 × 106 € for each scenario, respectively (3.5%, 7.5% and 23.7% of the gross domestic product of the area), 19%, 17% and 8% of which can be attributed to wetland loss. The consequences of SLR to the ecosystem services provided are indisputable, while adaptation and mitigation planning is required.

scholarly journals The Value of Recreational Ecosystem Services in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Muniyandi Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mental Well Being

Forest ecosystem services have played a vital role in human well-being. Particularly, recreational ecosystem services are creating physical and mental well-being for human beings. Therefore, the main objective of the paper is to estimate the economic value of recreational ecosystem services provides by recreational sites such as Nandi Hills and Nagarhole National Park based on the individual travel cost method in Karnataka, India. This study has used a random sampling method for 300 tourist visitors to recreational sites. The present study has also estimated the consumer surplus of the visitors. The results of the study have found that (i) economic value of two creational sites has been estimated at US $323.05 million, (ii) the consumer surplus has been estimated for Nandi Hills at US $7.45 and Nagarhole National Park at US $3.16. The main implication of the study is to design the entry fees for the recreational site and sustainable utilization of recreational ecosystem services for the present and future generations.

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