scholarly journals The effect of recent competition between the nativeAnolis oculatusand the invasiveA. cristatelluson display behavior

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. S. Dufour ◽  
Anthony Herrel ◽  
Jonathan B. Losos
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Display Time ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Habitat Variation

Invasive species are a global threat to biodiversity. Cases where the invasion has been tracked since its beginning are rare, however, such that the first interactions between invasive and native species remain poorly understood. Communication behavior is an integral part of species identity and is subject to selection. Consequently, resource use and direct interference competition between native and invasive species may drive its evolution. Here, we tested the role of interactions between the recently introduced invasive lizardAnolis cristatellusand the nativeAnolis oculatuson variation in behavior and communication in Calibishie (Dominica). From May to June 2016, we filmed 122 adult males of both species displaying in banana farms under two contexts (allopatry and sympatry). We then recorded (i) the proportion of time spent displaying and (ii) the relative frequency of dewlap vs. push-up displays. To control for habitat variation, we measured and compared the habitat characteristics (canopy openness and habitat openness) of 228 males in allopatry and sympatry. While the habitat characteristics and total display-time did not differ between the contexts for the two species, the proportion of display-time spent dewlapping byA. cristatellusdecreased in sympatry. The display ofA. oculatusdid not differ between the contexts, however. Shifts in microhabitat use, predation pressure, or interspecific interference are potential factors which might explain the behavioral changes in display observed inA. cristatellus. This study highlights the role of behavioral traits as a first response of an invasive species to recent competition with a closely related native species.

scholarly journals Native turncoats and indirect facilitation of species invasions

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1871) ◽  
pp. 20171936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobin D. Northfield ◽  
Susan G. W. Laurance ◽  
Margaret M. Mayfield ◽  
Dean R. Paini ◽  
William E. Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Indirect Interactions ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Species Invasion ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
Indirect Facilitation

At local scales, native species can resist invasion by feeding on and competing with would-be invasive species. However, this relationship tends to break down or reverse at larger scales. Here, we consider the role of native species as indirect facilitators of invasion and their potential role in this diversity-driven ‘invasion paradox’. We coin the term ‘native turncoats’ to describe native facilitators of non-native species and identify eight ways they may indirectly facilitate species invasion. Some are commonly documented, while others, such as indirect interactions within competitive communities, are largely undocumented in an invasion context. Therefore, we use models to evaluate the likelihood that these competitive interactions influence invasions. We find that native turncoat effects increase with the number of resources and native species. Furthermore, our findings suggest the existence, abundance and effectiveness of native turncoats in a community could greatly influence invasion success at large scales.

scholarly journals Human Fatalities Caused by Hornet, Wasp and Bee Stings in Spain: Epidemiology at State and Sub-state Level from 1999 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xesús Feás
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Native Species ◽  
State Level ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vespa Velutina ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Low Levels

Epidemiology of fatalities in Spain due to hornet, wasp and bee stings (Cause Code of Death: X23) is described. Over a 20-year period (1999-2018), a total of 78 fatalities were recorded, mostly occurring in males (85.9%), of 65 years and older (52.6%), at “unspecified places” (67.9%) and in the months of July and August (50%). The X23 mortality rates (X23MR) expressed in terms of annual rates and per million inhabitants, varied from 0.02 to 0.19 (mean value ± standard deviation = 0.09 ± 0.05), placing Spain at low levels in comparison with other countries. A more detailed and specific breakdown of the distribution of the yearly deaths at Sub-state level and across communities reveals some striking features. They were more concentrated in the Communities of Galicia (35.8%), Andalucía (21.7%) and Castilla y León (12.8%). X23MR were estimated in Galicia at 1.82, 1.10 and 2.22 in 2014, 2016 and 2018 respectively; and in Asturias at 1.88 and 0.97, in 2014 and 2017 respectively. The role of the invasive species Vespa velutina (VV), is examined. Due to its habits, abundance and broader distribution, the risk that VV represents to human health is unmatched by other Hymenoptera native species.

scholarly journals The Native Ant Lasius niger Can Limit the Access to Resources of the Invasive Argentine Ant

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2451
Author(s):  
Marion Cordonnier ◽  
Olivier Blight ◽  
Elena Angulo ◽  
Franck Courchamp
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Argentine Ant ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Lasius Neglectus

Within ant communities, the biotic resistance of native species against invasive ones is expected to be rare, because invasive species are often highly dominant competitors. The invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile (Mayr)) often demonstrated numerical dominance against its opponents, increased aggressiveness, and ability to quickly recruit to food. The present study aimed to assess the behavioral mechanisms involved in the interspecific competition between L. humile, facing either an invasive species (Lasius neglectus Van Loon, Boomsma and Andrásfalvy) or a native dominant species (Lasius niger (Linnaeus)). The resource exploitation by the Argentine ant was investigated during one-hour competitive interactions using 10 dead Drosophila flies as prey. When facing La. niger, L. humile exploratory behavior was strongly inhibited, it brought very few prey resources, and killed few opponents. Conversely, La. neglectus had a low impact on L. humile. Contrarily to expectations, the invasive La. neglectus lacked the ability to hinder L. humile resource exploitation, whereas the native La. niger did. These results suggest that La. niger could impact invasive populations of L. humile by interference competition, perhaps better so than some invasive species. While L. humile has become invasive in Southern Europe, the invasion process could be slowed down in the northern latitudes by such native dominant species.

scholarly journals Invasive Ants Affect Spatial Distribution Pattern and Diversity of Arboreal Ant Communities in Fruit Plantations, in Tarakan Island, Borneo

Sociobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Kyohsuke Ohkawara
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Arboreal Ants ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Human activities influence ant community structure. In tropical areas, the habitat characteristics of crop plantations frequently shape the structure of arboreal ant communities. The present study investigated the spatial distribution of arboreal ants dwelling in durian Durio zibethinus and citrus Citrus amblycarpa plantations in the Tarakan Island, North Kalimantan. Specifically, it was investigated whether ant communities are dominated by native or invasive species; and if ant arboreal mosaics occur. This study included two sites (A and C) comprising durian and citrus plantations and one site B with only citrus plantations. Ant workers dwelling on crop trees were collected by branch beating, and subsequently identified and counted. Across all sites, a total of 64,360 workers, from 22 ant species, were collected from 59 durian and 63 citrus trees. In site A, the invasive species Tapinoma melanocephalum and the native species Oecophylla smaragdina were numerically dominant. A null model analysis of species co-occurrence revealed that species segregation existed in this site. Conversely, in sites B and C the invasive species T. melanocephalum and Technomyrmex albipes were dominant, and native arboreal ants almost co-occurred with the two species. Moreover, the number of T. melanocephalum and T. albipes workers was negatively correlated with the species diversity index of arboreal ants. However, the number of O. smaragdina workers showed no significant correlation. The results suggest that the invasion and domination of non-native species dissasemble spatial structures and reduce the species diversity in arboreal ant communities. The community structures of arboreal ants in fruit plantations were varied, depending on the fruit species and the properties of dominant ants.

ECOLOGICAL AND CENOTIC ROLE OF ALIEN PLANT SPECIES IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS OF THE VORONEZH CITY DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
L. A. Lepeshkina ◽  
M. A. Klevtsova ◽  
A. A. Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Ecological Parameters ◽  
Parthenocissus Quinquefolia

The processes of depletion of zonal vegetation are closely related to the settlement of invasive species. Within the forest ecosystems of the urban district of Voronezh, 31 invasive species from 30 genera and 19 families were recorded. The method of ecological scales revealed the ecological-coenotic aspects of phytoinvasions. The sample involved geobotanical descriptions (grouped by formational feature) of native phytocenoses without an alien component in the flora and phytocenoses replacing them with the active participation of invasive species within the same research object. Infestations of these species are accompanied by the development of allogeneic successions, which are characterized by a decrease in the species diversity of communities and the role of native taxa in them. The processes of infestations are typical for the region and are observed in communities of floodplain forests and meadows, native and derived forests and sub-forests, broad-leaved and mixed forests, slope meadow and steppes. Plant invasions in the coniferous and deciduous forests of the district are characterized by the expansion of 3 species of woody (Acer negundo, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Robinia pseudoacacia), 5 species of shrub (Sambucus racemosa, Caragana arborescens Lam., Viburnum lantana, Amelanchier spicata, Parthenocissus quinquefolia) and 4 species of herbaceous plants (Bidens frondosa, Impatiens parviflora, Galinsoga parviflora, Solidago canadensis). Phytoindication of pine forests shows the transformation of all 10 environmental indicators for communities with invasive species. For broad-leaved forests, the introduction of biomorphologically close taxa to native species does not lead to a sharp transformation of the ecological parameters of forest biotopes. The introduction of alien species into alder forests leads to a change in the ecological parameters of their biotopes towards mesophilization. This speeds up the process of the emergence of new alien species from the number of mesophytic taxa and an increase in the role of already settled ones. From 2007 to 2017, the invasive flora of the alder forests of the Voronezh increased from one species to four. According to the degree of invasiveness, the ecosystems of the southern upland, southwest oak forest, northern upland oak forests and pine forests have average values of 6.4 %, 6.1 %, 5.1 %, 5.7 %, respectively. Alder forests are minimally invasive, the share of invasive species is 1.3 %, which does not exceed 5 % of the threshold. Minor changes cover indicators: climate thermal mode (TM), continental climate (KN), climate aridity / humidity (OM), cryoclimatic (CR), soil trophicity (TR), soil acidity (RC), moisture variability (FH). Communities with a high level of participation of invasive species are actively developing in ecotonic conditions: forest edges and alder areas of terraces. As a result of the settlement of alien species in the Alder forests, a decrease in the price activity of the following native species is observed: Impatiens noli-tangere, Humulus lupulus, Solanum dulcamara, Thelypteris palustris, Paris quadrifolia, Maianthemum bifolium. To warn of the possible expansion of Acer negundo, Parthenocissus quinquefolia and Galinsoga parviflora, a high water cut regime for alder forests is required. Under the conditions of global and climatic changes, this is a rather complicated task, requiring constant monitoring of the abiotic and biotic components of the forest, as well as the regulation of nature management regimes in the floodplains of small rivers. The implementation of ecological and cenotic strategies for invasive species in forest communities is accompanied by a restructuring of the ecology of biotopes, which is expressed in the transformation of the ecological parameters of pine forests, mesophilization of alder biotopes, increasing the moisture content and richness of oak forests, the emergence of new alien species and reducing the cenotic activity of some native taxa. The most significant changes are subject to parameters: soil moisture (HD), soil nitrogen richness (NT), illumination/shading (LC).

Habitat variation and invasive species as factors influencing the distribution of native fishes in the lower Fraser River Valley, British Columbia, with an emphasis on brassy minnow (Hybognathus hankinsoni)

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Damon M. Nowosad ◽  
Eric B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Brown Bullhead ◽  
Faunal Turnover ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Habitat Variation ◽  
Native Fishes

Brassy minnow (Hybognathus hankinsoni Hubbs, 1929) have disjunct distributions in western Canada, making them a species of conservation concern. We assessed changes in the distribution of invasive species as factors influencing the distribution of brassy minnow and other native species by comparing historical and current distributions in the lower Fraser River in British Columbia. We tested effects of physical habitat parameters on local distributions of brassy minnow and for evidence of negative interactions between brassy minnow and invasive brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus (Lesueur, 1819)). Comparison of contemporary and historical (1956 and 1959) fish distributions indicated significant declines in native cypriniform (minnows and suckers) species, including brassy minnow, but no change in the number of invasive species, although there was some faunal turnover. Logistic regression suggested that conductivity, turbidity, and water temperature were important predictors of brassy minnow presence. Appearances of adult-sized brown bullhead at one site corresponded with reduced abundance of native fishes. In growth experiments with brassy minnow, brown bullhead, and redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus (Richardson, 1836)), brassy minnow exhibited mass loss and mortalities, suggesting that they were poor competitors. Our results contribute to a better understanding of abiotic and biotic factors affecting distribution and persistence of brassy minnow.

scholarly journals Leaf trait differences between 97 pairs of invasive and native plants across China: effects of identities of both the invasive and native species

NeoBiota ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ming-Chao Liu ◽  
Ting-Fa Dong ◽  
Wei-Wei Feng ◽  
Bo Qu ◽  
De-Liang Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Species Specific

Many studies have attempted to test whether certain leaf traits are associated with invasive plants, resulting in discrepant conclusions that may be due to species-specificity. However, no effort has been made to test for effects of species identity on invasive-native comparisons. Here, we compared 20 leaf traits between 97 pairs of invasive and native plant species in seven disturbed sites along a southwest-to-northeast transect in China using phylogenetically controlled within-study meta-analyses. The invasive relative to the native species on average had significantly higher leaf nutrients concentrations, photosynthetic rates, photosynthetic nutrients- and energy-use efficiencies, leaf litter decomposition rates, and lower payback time and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios. However, these differences disappeared when comparing weakly invasive species with co-occurring natives and when comparing invasives with co-occurring widespread dominant natives. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the differences in some traits decreased or even reversed when a random subset of strongly to moderately invasive species was excluded from the species pool. Removing rare to common natives produced the same effect, while exclusion of weakly to moderately invasives and dominant to common natives enhanced the differences. Our study indicates that the results of invasive-native comparisons are species-specific, providing a possible explanation for discrepant results in previous studies, such that we may be unable to detect general patterns regarding traits promoting exotic plant invasions through multi-species comparisons.

scholarly journals Plasticity of Plant N Uptake in Two Native Species in Response to Invasive Species

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Yi-Heng Hu ◽  
Yu-Lu Zhou ◽  
Jun-Qin Gao ◽  
Xiao-Ya Zhang ◽  
Ming-Hua Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Plant Invasion ◽  
Native Species ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Wedelia Trilobata ◽  
Uptake Rates

Survival competition caused by limiting nutrients is often strong between invasive and native plant species. The effects of plant invasion on nutrient uptake in plant growth remain largely unclear. Clarifying how invasive plants affect N uptake by natives will provide a better understanding on mechanisms responsible for plant invasion. A 15N-labeling experiment was conducted using two common invasive species (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. and Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.) and their native congeners (A. sessilis (L.) DC. and W. chinensis (Osbeck.) Merr.) to examine their growth and uptake of NH4+, NO3−, and glycine when grown in monocultures and mixed cultures. All plants were grown in a greenhouse for 70 days for labelling and biomass measurements. The main factor affecting N uptake by the four species was the form of N, rather than species identity. In all of the species, the most N was taken up in the form of NH4+, followed by NO3− and glycine. The two invasive species grew faster, with stable N-uptake patterns despite more moderate uptake rates of N than the native species. Native species were strongly affected by the invasive species. The presence of invasive species caused the N-uptake rates of the natives to be reduced, with altered N-uptake patterns, but did not substantially alter their growth rates. Native species reduced their N-uptake rates but increased N-use efficiency through altering N-uptake patterns in the presence of invasive plants. Such a flexible N-uptake pattern could be an important survival strategy for native plants in competition with invaders.

scholarly journals Human Fatalities Caused by Hornet, Wasp and Bee Stings in Spain: Epidemiology at State and Sub-State Level from 1999 to 2018

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Xesús Feás
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Native Species ◽  
State Level ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vespa Velutina ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Low Levels

Epidemiology of fatalities in Spain due to hornet, wasp, and bee stings (Cause Code of Death: X23) is described. Over a 20-year period (1999–2018), a total of 78 fatalities were recorded, mostly occurring in males (85.9%), of 65 years and older (52.6%), at “unspecified places” (67.9%), and in the months of July and August (50%). The X23 mortality rates (X23MR) expressed in terms of annual rates and per million inhabitants, varied from 0.02 to 0.19 (mean value ± standard deviation = 0.09 ± 0.05), placing Spain at low levels in comparison with other countries. A more detailed and specific breakdown of the distribution of the yearly deaths at the sub-state level and across communities reveals some striking features. They were more concentrated in the communities of Galicia (35.8%), Andalucía (21.7%), and Castilla y León (12.8%). X23MR were estimated in Galicia at 1.82, 1.10, and 2.22 in 2014, 2016, and 2018, respectively; and in Asturias at 1.88 and 0.97, in 2014 and 2017, respectively. The role of the invasive species Vespa velutina (VV) is examined. Due to its habits, abundance, and broader distribution, the risk that VV represents to human health is unmatched by other Hymenoptera native species.

scholarly journals Environmental niche and functional role similarity between invasive and native palms in the Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Bello ◽  
Ana Laura P. Cintra ◽  
Elisa Barreto ◽  
Maurício Humberto Vancine ◽  
Thadeu Sobral-Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInvasive species can significantly affect native species when their niches are similar. Ecological and morphological similarities between the invasive Australian palm, Archontophoenix cunninghamiana, and the native palm from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Euterpe edulis, suggest that they have similar environmental requirements and functional roles (i.e., the function a species performs in an ecosystem). This similarity raises concerns about how the invasive palm could impact the native species in the present and future. We used spatial (species occurrences) and ecological information (frugivory events) to characterize the environmental niche and functional role of the two palms and assess their overlap. In addition, we predicted the potential area of occurrence of each palm within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest under current and future climate conditions.We estimated the environmental conditions used by the invasive plant based on its native distribution only, and based on all areas where the species is able to establish across the globe. We found that the environmental niches of the two palm species overlap up to 39%, which corresponds to 50% of the current geographic distribution of E. edulis in the Atlantic Forest. In the areas where the two species potentially co-occur, the impact of the invasive species on the native should be influenced by the invasive species interactions with frugivores. We found that the frugivory functional role of the two palms was similar (84% overlap) which suggest that A. cunninghamiana might disrupt the seed dispersal of the native palm. However, co-occurrence between the palms may decline with future climate change, as the potentially environmental suitable area for the invasive palm is predicted to decline by 10% to 55%. Evaluating the similarity in both the environmental niche, of the native and global extent, and the functional role of native and invasive plants provides a detailed understanding of the potential impact of invasive species on native species now and in the future.

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