scholarly journals A new slider turtle (Testudines: Emydidae: Deirochelyinae:Trachemys) from the late Hemphillian (late Miocene/early Pliocene) of eastern Tennessee and the evolution of the deirochelyines

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Jasinski
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Gray Fossil Site ◽  
Slider Turtle ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Fossil Site ◽  
A New Species

Trachemys(Testudines: Emydidae) represents one of the most well-known turtle genera today. The evolution ofTrachemys, while being heavily documented with fossil representatives, is not well understood. Numerous fossils from the late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site (GFS) in northeastern Tennessee help to elucidate its evolution. The fossilTrachemysat the GFS represent a new species. The new taxon,Trachemys haugrudi, is described, and currently represents the most thoroughly described fossil emydid species known. A phylogenetic analysis, including 31 species, focusing on the subfamily Deirochelyinae is performed that includes the new fossil species, along with numerous other modern and fossil deirochelyine species, representing the first phylogenetic analysis published that includes several fossil deirochelyines. The phylogenetic analysis, utilizing morphological evidence, provides monophyletic clades of all modern deirochelyines, includingChrysemys,Deirochelys,Pseudemys,Malaclemys,Graptemys, andTrachemys. A strict consensus tree finds the recently described fossil speciesGraptemys kernerito be part of a clade ofGraptemys+Malaclemys. Three fossil taxa, including one previously referred toPseudemys(Pseudemys caelata) and two toDeirochelys(Deirochelys carriandDeirochelys floridana) are found to form a clade with modernDeirochelys reticularia reticularia, withD. floridanasister to the other members of the clade.Chrysemysis found to be part of a basal polytomy withDeirochelysin relation to other deirochelyine taxa. Two fossil taxa previously referred toChrysemys(Chrysemys timidaandChrysemys williamsi) form a paraphyly with the modernChrysemys picta pictaandDeirochelys, and may be referable to distinct genera. Additionally, fossil taxa previously attributed toTrachemys(Trachemys hillii,Trachemys idahoensis,Trachemys inflata, andTrachemys platymarginata) andT. haugrudiare found to form a clade separate from clades of northern and southernTrachemysspecies, potentially suggesting a distinct lineage ofTrachemyswith no modern survivors. Hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships mostly agree between the present study and previous ones, although the inclusion of fossil taxa provides further clues to the evolution of parts of the Deirochelyinae. The inclusion of more fossil taxa and characters may help resolve the placement of some taxa, and further elucidate the evolution of these New World turtles.

Mimaporia, a new genus of Epicopeiidae (Lepidoptera), with description of a new species from Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4254 (5) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIA-HSUAN WEI ◽  
SHEN-HORN YEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The Epicopeiidae is a small geometroid family distributed in the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions. It exhibits high morphological diversity in body size and wing shape, while their wing patterns involve in various complex mimicry rings. In the present study, we attempted to describe a new genus, and a new species from Vietnam, with comments on two assumed congeneric novel species from China and India. To address its phylogenetic affinity, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the family by using sequence data of COI, EF-1α, and 28S gene regions obtained from seven genera of Epicopeiidae with Pseudobiston pinratanai as the outgroup. We also compared the morphology of the new taxon to other epicopeiid genera to affirm its taxonomic status. The results suggest that the undescribed taxon deserve a new genus, namely Mimaporia gen. n. The species from Vietnam, Mimaporia hmong sp. n., is described as new to science. Under different tree building strategies, the new genus is the sister group of either Chatamla Moore, 1881 or Parabraxas Leech, 1897. The morphological evidence, which was not included in phylogenetic analyses, however, suggests its potential affinity with Burmeia Minet, 2003. This study also provides the first, although preliminary, molecular phylogeny of the family on which the revised systematics and interpretation of character evolution can be based. 

A new species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with evidence of molecular phylogeny, and two new synonyms for Maytenus floribunda

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Leonardo Biral ◽  
Eric De Camargo Smidt ◽  
Mônica Bolson ◽  
Julio Antônio Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Maytenus has been discovered in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The new taxon, Maytenus nemorosa, occurs mostly in ombrophilous rain forests at an elevation of 500 m to 1200 m. Maytenus nemorosa resembles M. gonoclada but differs from it by possessing oblong-elliptical leaves with entire margins and larger fruits with thicker pericarp walls. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted with nrITS and plastid matK regions, including the new species and additional taxa available from the NCBI-GenBank. The results from the phylogenetic analysis places Maytenus nemorosa nested within a clade of species that have fruits possessing a coriaceous pericarp and close to both Maytenus gonoclada and Maytenus salicifolia, as expected from morphological similarities. Additionally, M. cardenasii and M. erythrocarpa, from Bolivia, are both recognized as new synonyms for M. floribunda after an examination of their descriptions, types, and diverse collections.

A new species of chameleon (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae) from the Aberdare Mountains in the central highlands of Kenya

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3391 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN STIPALA ◽  
NICOLA LUTZMANN ◽  
PATRICK K. MALONZA ◽  
PAUL WILKINSON ◽  
BRENDAN GODLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of chameleon, Trioceros kinangopensis sp. nov., from Kinangop Peak in the Aberdare moun-tains, central highlands of Kenya. The proposed new species is morphologically and genetically distinct from other mem-ber of the bitaeniatus-group. It is morphologically most similar to T. schubotzi but differs in the lack of sexual sizedimorphism, smaller-sized females, smoother, less angular canthus rostrales, smaller scales on the temporal region and abright orange gular crest in males. Mitochondrial DNA indicates that the proposed new taxon is a distinct lineage that isclosely related to T. nyirit and T. schubotzi. The distribution of T. kinangopensis sp. nov. appears to be restricted to the afroalpine zone in vicintiy of Kinangop Peak and fires may pose a serious threat to the long-term survival of this species.

scholarly journals A new species of Micryletta frog (Microhylidae) from Northeast India

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Sonali Garg ◽  
Amir Hamidy ◽  
Eric N. Smith ◽  
S. D. Biju
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ventral View ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Mitochondrial Data ◽  
Moderate Elevation ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of frog in the microhylid genus Micryletta Dubois, 1987 from Northeast India based on molecular and morphological evidence. The new species, formally described as Micryletta aishani sp. nov., is phenotypically distinct from other congeners by a suite of morphological characters such as brown to reddish-brown dorsum; dorsal skin shagreened with minute spinules; snout shape nearly truncate in dorsal and ventral view; a prominent dark streak extending from tip of the snout up to the lower abdomen; ash-grey mottling along the margins of upper and lower lip extending up to the flanks, limb margins and dorsal surfaces of hand and foot; tibiotarsal articulation reaching up to the level of armpits; absence of outer metatarsal tubercles; and absence of webbing between toes. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus are inferred based on mitochondrial data and the new taxon is found to differ from all the recognised Micryletta species by 3.5–5.9% divergence in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA. The new species was found in the states of Assam, Manipur, and Tripura, from low to moderate elevation (30–800 m asl) regions lying south of River Brahmaputra and encompassing the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot. The discovery validates the presence of genus Micryletta in Northeast India based on genetic evidence, consequently confirming the extension of its geographical range, westwards from Southeast Asia up to Northeast India. Further, for nomenclatural stability of two previously known species, Microhyla inornata (= Micryletta inornata) and Microhyla steinegeri (= Micryletta steinegeri), lectotypes are designated along with detailed descriptions.

scholarly journals A new baenid turtle from the early Paleocene (Torrejonian) of New Mexico and a species-level phylogenetic analysis of Baenidae

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Lyson ◽  
Walter G. Joyce ◽  
Spencer G. Lucas ◽  
Robert M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Distal Phalanx ◽  
Species Level ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Early Paleocene ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Level Analysis

AbstractNew cranial and postcranial material of the baenid turtleNeurankylusfrom the Paleocene Nacimiento Formation (Torrejonian NALMA) of northwestern New Mexico represents a new species,Neurankylus torrejonensis. The material consists of a fragmented but mostly complete skull, a partial carapace and plastron, portions of both humeri, a partial pelvis, a complete right femur, and a distal phalanx. The small, undivided cervical scale, wide vertebrals, complete ring of marginals, and large size (carapace length 520 mm) diagnose the new taxon as belonging toNeurankylus. The narrow fifth vertebral scale and scalloped posterior shell margin reveal affinities withNeurankylus baueriGilmore, 1916, which is known from Campanian sediments in New Mexico and Utah. The holotype ofNeurankylus torrejonensisis the youngest known specimen of theNeurankyluslineage, which is known to reach at least back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian). A nearly complete species-level analysis of baenids confirms the basal placement ofNeurankylusoutside of Baenodda and the split of Baenodda into two primary subclades, herein named Palatobaeninae and Eubaeninae.

Begonia leipingensis (Begoniaceae), a new compound-leaved species with unique petiolule pattern from Guangxi of China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUN LI ◽  
LI-HUA YANG ◽  
DAI-KE TIAN ◽  
YUE CHEN ◽  
RUI-JUAN WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

Begonia leipingensis D. K. Tian, L. H. Yang & C. Li (2n = 30), a new species in Begonia sect. Coelocentrum from the limestone area of Guangxi, China. B. leipingensisis is easily distinguished from any other compound-leaved species in Begonia by its large variation in petiolule number and its unique spirally-arranged petiolule pattern, which has never been seen in Begoniaceae before and rarely seen even in other angiosperm taxa. Besides having non-overlapping flowering periods, it is clearly different from B. fangii, the most morphologically similar species in the same section and with the same chromosome number. In addition to its unique petiolule pattern, B. leipingensis has longer abaxial wings, shorter internodes, and usually larger leaves, leaflets and habit. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that B. leipingensis formed an independent lineage belonging to Sect. Coelocentrum. Morphological and phylogenetic evidence strongly supports this species as a new taxon in Sect. Coelocentrum of Begonia. B. leipingensis was assessed to be critically endangered based on criterion outlined by IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Introducing the new Indian mangrove species, Vaginatispora microarmatispora (Lophiostomataceae) based on morphology and multigene phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 329 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. DEVADATHA ◽  
V.V. SARMA ◽  
D.N. WANASINGHE ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
E.B.G JONES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Multigene Phylogenetic Analysis

Vaginatispora microarmatispora sp. nov. (Lophiostomataceae) is a new saprobic marine fungal species found on dead intertidal wood of Aegiceras corniculatum collected from Muthupet mangroves, Tamil Nadu, along the south-east coast of India. This species has characters similar to other species of the genus Vaginatispora, but differs in ascospore dimensions. Phylogeny inferred from a combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1 sequence dataset reveal a close association of the new taxon to species of Vaginatispora, but as a distinct lineage. Hence, in this paper, we introduce the new species with illustrations, descriptions and comparison with related taxa. A synopsis of characters of all Vaginatispora species along with a dichotomous key are also provided.

Camellia psilocarpa (Theaceae), a new species from Guangdong, China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 338 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
XIANGGANG SHI ◽  
WEIXI LI ◽  
HAIDAN WU ◽  
WUXIA GUO ◽  
CHUANGXING YE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Markers ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Camellia psilocarpa (Theaceae), from Guangdong Province, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically most similar to C. magnocarpa, from which it differs by having ovate-oblong leaves with apex caudate or long acuminate, bracteoles and sepals 10-12, grayish white velutinous outside, and especially smaller fruit. The morphological evidence shows that the new species is a member of Camellia sect. Camellia. Additionally, a molecular and phylogenetic analysis using two chloroplast DNA markers also gave support to its taxonomic position.

scholarly journals Morphological and Phylogenetic Appraisal of Novel and Extant Taxa of Stictidaceae from Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
De-Ping Wei ◽  
Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe ◽  
Eleni Gentekaki ◽  
Vinodhini Thiyagaraja ◽  
Saisamorn Lumyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Fungal Adaptation ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Stictidaceae comprises taxa with diverse lifestyles. Many species in this family are drought resistant and important for studying fungal adaptation and evolution. Stictidaceae comprises 32 genera, but many of them have been neglected for decades due to the lack of field collections and molecular data. In this study, we introduce a new species Fitzroyomyces hyaloseptisporus and a new combination Fitzroyomycespandanicola. We also provide additional morphological and molecular data for Ostropomyces pruinosellus and O. thailandicus based on new collections isolated from an unidentified woody dicotyledonous host in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Taxonomic conclusions are made with the aid of morphological evidence and phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, ITS and mtSSU sequence data. Characteristics such as the shape and septation of ascospores and conidia as well as lifestyles among genera of Stictidaceae are discussed.

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