scholarly journals Metagenomic analysis of orange colored protrusions from the muscle of Queen ConchLobatus gigas(Linnaeus, 1758)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaison H. Cuartas ◽  
Juan F. Alzate ◽  
Claudia X. Moreno-Herrera ◽  
Edna J. Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Fishery Resource ◽  
Ecological Fitness ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Assignment Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The endangered marine gastropod,Lobatus gigas,is an important fishery resource in the Caribbean region. Microbiological and parasitological research of this species have been poorly addressed despite its role in ecological fitness, conservation status and prevention of potential pathogenic infections. This study identified taxonomic groups associated with orange colored protrusions in the muscle of queen conchs using histological analysis, 454 pyrosequencing, and a combination of PCR amplification and automated Sanger sequencing. The molecular approaches indicate that the etiological agent of the muscle protrusions is a parasite belonging to the subclass Digenea. Additionally, the scope of the molecular technique allowed the detection of bacterial and fungi clades in the assignment analysis. This is the first evidence of a digenean infection in the muscle of this valuable Caribbean resource.

scholarly journals Annotated list of livebearing fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliinae) from Lake Miragoane in Southwestern Haiti, Hispaniola

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Rodet Rodriguez-Silva ◽  
James Josaphat ◽  
Patricia Torres-Pineda ◽  
Ingo Schlupp
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Species Flock ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Freshwater Fish Fauna ◽  
Aquatic Vertebrates ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Conservation Threats

Within the Caribbean region Lake Miragoane in southwestern Haiti represents one of the most important radiation centers of livebearing fishes of the subfamily Poeciliinae. However, there is a lack of scientific studies documenting the distribution, number of species and conservation status of the fishes from that lake. In this work, an annotated list of livebearing fishes, the most well represented group of aquatic vertebrates in Lake Miragoane, is presented with the corresponding species identification and images. This is the first study in the last 40 years to capture most of the fish diversity in the lake originated from the subgenus Limia and especially in the species flock represented by the subgenus Odontolimia. It also includes two recently described species: Limia islai and L. mandibularis. Here we also report some conservation threats to the endemic freshwater fish fauna from Lake Miragoane that should be addressed to preserve the biodiversity in this important area.

scholarly journals Censusing marine eukaryotic diversity in the twenty-first century

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1702) ◽  
pp. 20150331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Leray ◽  
Nancy Knowlton
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Eukaryotic Diversity ◽  
Eukaryotic Species ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The ocean constitutes one of the vastest and richest biomes on our planet. Most recent estimations, all based on indirect approaches, suggest that there are millions of marine eukaryotic species. Moreover, a large majority of these are small (less than 1 mm), cryptic and still unknown to science. However, this knowledge gap, caused by the lack of diagnostic morphological features in small organisms and the limited sampling of the global ocean, is currently being filled, thanks to new DNA-based approaches. The molecular technique of PCR amplification of homologous gene regions combined with high-throughput sequencing, routinely used to census unculturable prokaryotes, is now also being used to characterize whole communities of marine eukaryotes. Here, we review how this methodological advancement has helped to better quantify the magnitude and patterns of marine eukaryotic diversity, with an emphasis on taxonomic groups previously largely overlooked. We then discuss obstacles remaining to achieve a global understanding of marine eukaryotic diversity. In particular, we argue that 18S variable regions do not provide sufficient taxonomic resolution to census marine life, and suggest combining broad eukaryotic surveys targeting the 18S rRNA region with more taxon-focused analyses of hypervariable regions to improve our understanding of the diversity of species, the functional units of marine ecosystems. This article is part of the themed issue ‘From DNA barcodes to biomes’.

scholarly journals Notes on the conservation status of resident diurnal raptors of the middle Cauca Valley, Colombia

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Alvarez-López ◽  
Gustavo H. Kattan
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Altitudinal Limit ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Original Species ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

SummaryHistorical and anecdotal data indicate that out of 14 original species of resident diurnal raptors, six have become extinct and two more are considered endangered in the middle Cauca Valley, Colombia. While the decline of several species is related to a drastic reduction of original habitats such as forests and wetlands, three open-habitat species have also suffered population declines. Possible causes include the recent expansion of intensive agriculture (at the expense of cattle-ranching areas), agrochemical pollution, hunting, and factors such as body size, the proximity of the valley to the upper altitudinal limit of most of the affected species, and the relative isolation of the valley from the Caribbean region and the savannas east of the Andes. The need for monitoring projects s i stressed for the vertebrate fauna, including those species considered common in open and disturbed habitats.Informaciones históricas y anecdóticas indican que de una fauna original de 14 especies de aves rapaces diurnas residentes en el valle medio del rio Cauca, Colombia, se han extinguido seis especies y dos mas se consideran amenazadas. Mientras que la disminucion de algunas especies se relaciona con la drástica reductión de hábitats originales tales como bosques y humedales, tres especies propias de hábitats abiertos también se han visto afectadas. Se identifican como probables factores la expansión de la agricultura intensiva (a expensas de las areas previamente dedicadas a la ganaderia), la contaminatión por agroquimicos, los conflictos con los intereses humanos y ciertos factores como el tamano corporal, la proximidad del valle medio del Cauca al limite superior de distributión altitudinal de estas especies y el relativo aislamiento del valle con respecto de la región del Caribe y de las sabanas al oriente de los Andes. Se relieva la necesidad de establecer programas de monitoreo de las faunas de vertebrados, inclufdas las especies consideradas como comunes en hábitats abiertos y perturbados.

scholarly journals Snail leaps and bounds: drivers of the diel movement pattern of a large invertebrate, the Caribbean queen conch (Lobatus gigas), in a marginal inshore habitat

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine M. Dujon ◽  
Thomas C. Stieglitz ◽  
Erwan Amice ◽  
Dale M. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Fishery Resource ◽  
Queen Conch ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Diel Movement ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding the relationship between the movements of animals and their environment is crucial for fisheries and species management. There is currently a lack of detailed information about the movement of slow-moving benthic species, especially for species of ecological or commercial importance. Here we document the relationship between diel movement and environmental parameters in a groundwater-fed coastal inlet for the queen conch (Lobatus gigas (Linnaeus, 1758)), an important fishery resource of the Caribbean region, using three-dimensional accelerometers and video cameras. Our results show immature queen conch (n = 9) spend most of their active time grazing, exhibiting two main distinct movements that we characterize as a leap and a drift that are mostly used to access new foraging resources. When overturned, they flip, producing a movement with the highest acceleration recorded to limit exposure and restore normal position. Movement patterns appear to be significantly affected by the oxygen concentration of the bottom water, with lower activity during low-oxygen levels in the morning (probability of 0.75 of observing 0 movement per hour) and maximum activity during the afternoon when oxygen concentration is at its maximum (probability of 0.80 of observing >10 movements per hour). Salinity and temperature had little effect on movement patterns. Our results confirm that highly variable marginal habitats like groundwater-fed inlets are suitable for juvenile conch growth and should be included in efficient conservation plans.

African Caribbean Residents of Edinburgh in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Scotland is gradually coming to terms with its involvement in slavery and colonialism as part of the British Empire. This article places the spotlight on the lives of African Caribbean people who were residents of Edinburgh during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. I discuss their varied experiences and contributions: from runaways and men fighting for their freedom in the Scottish courts to women working as servants in city households or marrying into Edinburgh high society. The nineteenth century saw activism among political radicals from abolitionists to anticolonialists; some of these figures studied and taught at Edinburgh University. Their stories reflect the Scottish capital’s many direct connections with the Caribbean region.

Wind Power Assessment In The Caribbean Region Of Colombia, Using Ten-Minute Wind Observations And Era5 Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Andrés Gil Ruiz ◽  
Julio Eduardo Cañón Barriga ◽  
J. Alejandro Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Molecular Subtyping of Blastocystis sp. Isolated from Farmed Animals in Southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1656
Author(s):  
Simona Gabrielli ◽  
Marialetizia Palomba ◽  
Federica Furzi ◽  
Emanuele Brianti ◽  
Gabriella Gaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blastocystis Sp

Blastocystis is a common intestinal protist distributed worldwide, infecting humans and a wide range of domestic and wild animals. It exhibits an extensive genetic diversity and, so far, 25 distinct small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) lineages termed subtypes (STs)) have been characterized; among them, 12 have thus far been reported in humans. The aims of the present study were to detect and genetically characterize Blastocystis sp. in synantropic animals to improve our current knowledge on the distribution and zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis STs in Italy. Samples were collected from N = 193 farmed animals and submitted to DNA extraction and PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA. Blastocystis was detected in 60 samples (31.08%) and successfully subtyped. Phylogenetic analysis evidenced that the isolates from fallow deer, goats, and pigs (N = 9) clustered within the ST5; those from pheasants (N = 2) in the ST6; those from chickens (N = 8) in the ST7; those from sheep (N = 6) in the ST10; and those from water buffaloes (N = 9) in the ST14 clade. The comparison between the present isolates from animals and those previously detected in humans in Italy suggested the animal-to-human spillover for ST6 and ST7. The present study represents the widest Blastocystis survey performed thus far in farmed animals in Italy. Further epidemiological studies using molecular approaches are required to determine the occurrence and distribution of Blastocystis STs in other potential animal reservoirs in Italy and to define the pathways of zoonotic transmission.

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