scholarly journals Structuring effects of chemicals from the sea fanPhyllogorgia dilatataon benthic communities

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3186
Author(s):  
Felipe V. Ribeiro ◽  
Bernardo A.P. da Gama ◽  
Renato C. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Palythoa Caribaeorum ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Janeiro State

Despite advances in understanding the ecological functions of secondary metabolites from marine organisms, there has been little focus on the influence of chemically-defended species at the community level. Several compounds have been isolated from the gorgonian octocoralPhyllogorgia dilatata, a conspicuous species that forms dense canopies on rocky reefs of northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Manipulative experiments were performed to study: (1) the effects of live colonies ofP. dilatata(physical presence and chemistry) on recruitment of sympatric benthic organisms; (2) the allelopathic effects of its chemicals on competitors; and (3) chemotactic responses of the non-indigenous brittle star,Ophiothela mirabilis. Early establishment of benthic species was influenced on substrates around liveP. dilatatacolonies and some effects could be attributed to the gorgonian’s secondary metabolites.In addition, the gorgonian chemicals also exerted an allelopathic effect on the sympatric zoanthidPalythoa caribaeorum,and positive chemotaxis uponO. mirabilis. These results indicate multiple ecological roles of a chemically-defended gorgonian on settlement, sympatric competitors, and non-indigenous species.

scholarly journals Variability in the settlement of non-indigenous species in benthic communities from an oceanic island

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Riera ◽  
Patrício Ramalhosa ◽  
João Canning-Clode ◽  
Ignacio Gestoso
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Oceanic Island ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

scholarly journals Disturbance, colonization and development of Antarctic benthic communities

2006 ◽  
Vol 362 (1477) ◽  
pp. 11-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K.A Barnes ◽  
Kathleen E Conlan
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
The Antarctic

A decade has yielded much progress in understanding polar disturbance and community recovery—mainly through quantifying ice scour rates, other disturbance levels, larval abundance and diversity, colonization rates and response of benthos to predicted climate change. The continental shelf around Antarctica is clearly subject to massive disturbance, but remarkably across so many scales. In summer, millions of icebergs from sizes smaller than cars to larger than countries ground out and gouge the sea floor and crush the benthic communities there, while the highest wind speeds create the highest waves to pound the coast. In winter, the calm associated with the sea surface freezing creates the clearest marine water in the world. But in winter, an ice foot encases coastal life and anchor ice rips benthos from the sea floor. Over tens and hundreds of thousands of years, glaciations have done the same on continental scales—ice sheets have bulldozed the seabed and the zoobenthos to edge of shelves. We detail and rank modern disturbance levels (from most to least): ice; asteroid impacts; sediment instability; wind/wave action; pollution; UV irradiation; volcanism; trawling; non-indigenous species; freshwater inundation; and temperature stress. Benthic organisms have had to recolonize local scourings and continental shelves repeatedly, yet a decade of studies have demonstrated that they have (compared with lower latitudes) slow tempos of reproduction, colonization and growth. Despite massive disturbance levels and slow recolonization potential, the Antarctic shelf has a much richer fauna than would be expected for its area. Now, West Antarctica is among the fastest warming regions and its organisms face new rapid changes. In the next century, temperature stress and non-indigenous species will drastically rise to become dominant disturbances to the Antarctic life. Here, we describe the potential for benthic organisms to respond to disturbance, focusing particularly on what we know now that we did not a decade ago.

scholarly journals Biotic effects during the settlement process of non-indigenous species in marine benthic communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Gestoso ◽  
Patrício Ramalhosa ◽  
João Canning-Clode
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Biotic Effects ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

scholarly journals All non-indigenous species were introduced recently? The case study of Cassiopea (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) in Brazilian waters

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
André C. Morandini ◽  
Sergio N. Stampar ◽  
Maximiliano M. Maronna ◽  
Fábio L. Da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Styela Plicata ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Cabo Frio

Upside-down jellyfish (genus Cassiopea) can be found in tropical coastal waters worldwide. Until now reports of the genus from Brazilian waters have been scant. We report here medusae and scyphistomae collected from Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro state. Although we could not unambiguously identify the material using morphological criteria, genetic sequence data (COI) indicate that the Brazilian jellyfishes are genetically similar to those from Bermuda, Hawaii and Florida, which are related to specimens from the Red Sea (Cassiopea andromeda). We hypothesize that the presence of C. andromeda in Brazil is due to an invasion event, as the scyphistomae were found growing over the known invasive ascidian Styela plicata. Estimation of divergence time between Brazil (Cabo Frio) and Florida/Bermuda populations is that it occurred at the beginning of ship movement to South America.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ECOSYSTEM OF THE SUKHUM BAY WITH EMPHASIS ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT, ABKHAZIAN BLACK SEA COAST

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Zhanna P. Selifonova ◽  
Pavel R. Makarevich ◽  
Ernest Z. Samyshev ◽  
Levard M. Bartsits
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Macrophyte Community ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
First Time

For the first time in thirty years, baseline comprehensive studies plankton and zoobenthos of the Sukhum Bay were conducted and an assessment of its current environmental status was given. The summer phytoplankton abundance of the port of Sukhum was represented mainly by coccolithophorids  Emiliania huxleyi and diatoms algae, among the latter, the common species in polluted or eutrophic brackish waters were recorded. The presence of euglenic algae and cyanobacteria indicates a higher nutrient status, pollution and desalination of the sea area. The alien species Peridinium quinquecorne Abé (Dinophyceae) was recorded in the Abkhazian coastal waters for the first time. Totally, 7 species of tintinnids  belonging to 3 genera Favella, Tintinnopsis, Eutintinnus were established from the Sukhum Bay. Among them, the non-indigenous species Eutintinnus  tubulosus and E. apertus were noticed. Tintinnid ciliates accounted for ca. 5% of total ciliates abundance. The values of the abundance of aloricated ciliates were comparable to the values obtained  from offshore of bays and ports of the northeastern Black Sea. As the pressure of predators is reduced the well-pronounced peaks of holo- and meroplankton biomass were recorded in the last summer – early autumn. A significant part of total holoplankton biomass – 66.5 % (up to 1.1 g/m3) was composed of cladocerans  Penilia avirostris. The  meroplankton was dominated by larvae of bivalve mollusks Mytilaster lineatus,  polychaetes Polydora cornuta and cirripede barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus. The number of meroplankton in the open Sukhum port was 10–15 times lower above than a level of values obtained for ports and bays of the northeastern Black Sea. Among ichthyoplankton, the dominant species were Mullus barbatus ponticus, Diplodus annularis, Trachurus mediterraneus, Engraulis encrasicholus and Sciena umbra. Mean abundance of ichthyoplankton in vertical catches was 5–10 times lower than in offshore of Anapa and Gelendzhik of the northeastern Black Sea. And the proportion of dead eggs was 2 – 3 times higher than areas of these resort cities. The composition of macrozoobenthos was drastically depleted and resembled that of the polluted port complexes of the northeastern Black Sea. Heteromastus association  dominated in mud bottom sediments. Among spionid polychaetes, the worst invaders Streblospio gynobranchiata and Polydora cornuta have been recorded in soft bottom communities. Depletion of benthic communities, loss from the structure of the trophic web of the macrophyte community and appearance of cyanobacteria and a new alien species in the planktonic and benthic communities leads inevitably to imbalance of the structure of the Sukhum port ecosystem.

scholarly journals Widespread demographic explosion of a non-indigenous hydrozoan on an oceanic island

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Espino ◽  
Francisco J. Otero-Ferrer ◽  
Néstor E. Bosch ◽  
Josep Coca ◽  
Ricardo Haroun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Oceanic Island ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Structure Patterns

The arrival of non-indigenous species into new areas is one of the main processes altering the oceans globally. Macrorhynchia philippina is a large-sized colonial hydrozoan of an invasive nature. To obtain a deeper understanding of the process of colonization of new areas, it is essential to describe the ecological pattern through scales of temporal and spatial variation. In this study, we describe the colonization by M. Philippina of an oceanic island (Gran Canaria Island, Canary Islands, eastern Atlantic). We describe the abundance and size structure patterns of M. Philippina in three nearshore habitats, rocky reefs, seagrass meadows and rhodolith seabeds, at times before (2014), during (2016) and after (2017) the demographic explosion of this species. On rocky reefs and rhodolith seabeds, the abundance of colonies increased dramatically in 2017 rel­ative to 2014, e.g. from 0 to 138 colonies/100 m2. On seagrass meadows, however, the colonies were smaller. In summary, M. Philippina shows an ecological plasticity to rapidly colonize different types of nearshore habitats, but with varying success.

Meta-analysis on the ecological impacts of widely spread non-indigenous species in the Baltic Sea

2021 ◽  
pp. 147375
Author(s):  
Henn Ojaveer ◽  
Jonne Kotta ◽  
Okko Outinen ◽  
Heli Einberg ◽  
Anastasija Zaiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

scholarly journals First Record of the Alien Species Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017 in Fresh Waters of Sardinia and Insight into Its Genetic Variability

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 606
Author(s):  
Daria Sanna ◽  
Ilenia Azzena ◽  
Fabio Scarpa ◽  
Piero Cossu ◽  
Angela Pira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
First Record ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Fresh Waters ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
Marbled Crayfish ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

In the fresh waters of Sardinia (Italy), the non-indigenous crayfish species Procambarus clarkii has been reported from 2005, but, starting from 2019, there have been several reports of a new non-indigenous crayfish in southern and central areas of this Mediterranean island, and its morphology suggests that this species may be the marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis. Forty-seven individuals of this putative species were analyzed, using the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I as molecular marker to identify this crayfish and investigate the level of genetic variability within the recently established population. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were carried out on a dataset including sequences from the Sardinian individuals and from all congenerics available in GenBank. Results showed that the new Sardinian crayfish belong to the species P. virginalis. All the sequences belonging to P. virginalis from European countries are identical, with only few exceptions found among Sardinian individuals. In conclusion, this paper highlights the occurrence of a new further alien species in the Sardinian fresh waters, which are already characterized by the high presence of non-indigenous species.

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