scholarly journals A newMourasuchus(Alligatoroidea, Caimaninae) from the late Miocene of Venezuela, the phylogeny of Caimaninae and considerations on the feeding habits ofMourasuchus

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanne M. Cidade ◽  
Andrés Solórzano ◽  
Ascanio Daniel Rincón ◽  
Douglas Riff ◽  
Annie Schmaltz Hsiou
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Skull Morphology ◽  
Urumaco Formation

Mourasuchus(Alligatoroidea, Caimaninae) is one of the most peculiar crocodyliforms due to the skull morphology consisting of a long, wide, dorsoventrally flat rostrum with long, slender mandibular rami. Despite these peculiarities, the systematics, phylogeny and feeding habits of this taxon have not been properly studied. In this paper, we describe a new species of the genus,Mourasuchus pattersonisp. nov., from the late Miocene of the Urumaco Formation of Venezuela. The new species differs from the otherMourasuchusspecies in having a lateromedially wide, dorsoventrally high jugal bone and a circular incisive foramen, which both represent autapomorphies of the new taxon. Phylogenetically,M. pattersonisp. nov. is more closely related toM. amazonensisand the specimen UFAC-1424 (formely attributed toM. nativus) than toM. arendsiorM. atopus, whilstMourasuchusis recovered once more as a monophyletic group. Furthermore, the cladistic analysis performed in this contribution offers a new phylogenetic assessment of Caimaninae, including many taxa described recently for the group. In this study, we also discuss the crocodylian diversity of the Urumaco Formation as well as how paleoenvironment may have contributed toward its evolution. In addition, we provide a discussion of the potential feeding habits ofMourasuchus. In this contribution,Mourasuchusis regarded as a taxon that likely preferred to prey on small animals. The unusual skull morphology of this group may have evolved to cover a large area with the rostrum, allowing for a more efficient prey capture, while the prey may have consisted predominantly of large amounts of small animals.

scholarly journals First record of Toxodontidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the late Miocene–early Pliocene of the southern central Andes, NW Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. Bonini ◽  
Gabriela I. Schmidt ◽  
Marcelo A. Reguero ◽  
Esperanza Cerdeño ◽  
Adriana M. Candela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
First Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Early Pliocene ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
The Right ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of toxodontid notoungulate, Xotodon maimarensis n. sp., is described from the Maimará Formation (late Miocene–early Pliocene), Jujuy Province, northwestern Argentina. This is the first record of a toxodontid from the Eastern Cordillera. The specimen is housed at the Museo de Geología, Mineralogía y Paleontología, Instituto de Geología y Minería de la Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. It consists of an incomplete mandible preserving the right mandibular ramus with part of the dental series, partially preserved symphysis with all the incisors, and a small portion of the left ramus without teeth. The following characters distinguish it as a new taxon: symphysis long and narrow with slight divergence of its lateral borders; strong procumbence of lower incisors and deeply implanted i3; chin angle lower than in X. major and X. cristatus and bulging labial keel limiting strong lateral concavities. Comparative analysis in the context of the recently revised Neogene Toxodontidae indicates that the Maimará specimen shares mandibular features and dental characters with Xotodon and Mixotoxodon, differing from the latter by the more upraised symphysis. The phylogenetic position of Xotodon maimarensis n. sp. supports the taxonomic interpretation of the studied specimen as a new species of Xotodon. This new Toxodontidae increases the knowledge of the diversity and radiation of this group of notoungulates in northwest Argentina.

A new species of Peltephilidae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Cingulata) from the late Miocene (Chasicoan SALMA) of Argentina

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3359 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAUREANO R. GONZÁLEZ-RUIZ ◽  
GUSTAVO J. SCILLATO-YANÉ ◽  
CECILIA M. KRMPOTIC ◽  
ALFREDO A. CARLINI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Exposed Surface ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Peltephilidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) (early Eocene–late Miocene) is described here. Thenew taxon is based on three specimens collected from the margins of Arroyo Chasicó, Buenos Aires Province, (Argenti-na), which correspond to the Arroyo Chasicó Formation (late Miocene, Chasicoan SALMA). The new species is charac-terized by osteoderms with a very rough exposed surface showing high longitudinal and well developed crests (two lateraland one central) with deep and ample valleys among them. The new taxon is the only “relictual” xenarthran cingulate ofthe Santacrucian Age (late early Miocene) to be registered for the last time in the Chasicoan SALMA (late Miocene), and represents the youngest record of the family Peltephilidae.

A new genus of Sabellidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Antarctica, with discussion of relationships among plesiomorphic genera within Sabellinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2226 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGHERITA LICCIANO ◽  
ADRIANA GIANGRANDE ◽  
MARIA CRISTINA GAMBI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Modal Class ◽  
Soft Bottoms ◽  
The Antarctic

A new genus of Sabellidae (Annelida, Polychaeta), collected in the soft bottoms off the Antarctic Peninsula (Antarctica) in January 2006 is described. The new genus Euchoneira is included in the most plesiomorphic area in the sub-family Sabellinae. Similar to the genus Euchone, this new taxon presents a well developed anal depression with lateral wings, but the shape of abdominal uncini resembles that of Jasmineira. The new species Euchoneira knoxi gen. sp. nov., very abundant in the investigated area, is a gonochoric form (sex-ratio close 1:1). Females contained eggs ranging from 100 to 250 µm in diameter (modal class 175 µm) either in the abdomen or thorax. Males with mature sperm had spermatozoa with a characteristic cylindrical shape of the nucleus with a pointed, “nip-like” acrosome, a morphology similar to that already observed in Euchone pallida Ehlers, 1908, a second species collected together with the new taxon and already known for the Antarctic area. Additions to the description of E. pallida concerning internal structure of the crown, is also given. To define the relationships between the newly described genus and the genera present in the plesiomorphic area of the Sabellinae subfamily, a cladistic analysis was performed utilizing a previous data set after adding the new taxon. The consensus tree confirmed Amphicorina armandi (Claparéde, 1868) as the most plesiomorphic taxon separated from all the others. The new genus is located in an intermediate position between Jasmineira - Claviramus and the clade containing Chone and Euchone species, close to Fabrisabella vasculosa.

A new species of Sclerocephalus with a fully ossified endocranium gives insight into braincase evolution in temnospondyls

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rainer R. Schoch ◽  
Gabriela Sobral
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Central European ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The late Paleozoic temnospondyl Sclerocephalus formed an aquatic top predator in various central European lakes of the late Carboniferous and early Permian. Despite hundreds of specimens spanning a wide range of sizes, knowledge of the endocranium (braincase and palatoquadrate) remained very insufficient in Sclerocephalus and other stereospondylomorphs because even large skulls had unossified endocrania. A new specimen from a stratigraphically ancient deposit at St. Wendel in southwestern Germany is recognized as representing a new taxon, S. concordiae new species, and reveals a completely ossified endocranium. The sphenethmoid was completely ossified from the basisphenoid to the anterior ethmoid region, co-ossified with the parasphenoid, and the basipterygoid joint was fully established. The pterygoid bears a slender, S-shaped epipterygoid, which formed a robust pillar lateral to the braincase. The massive stapes was firmly sutured to the parasphenoid. In the temnospondyl endocranium, character evolution involved various changes in the epipterygoid region, which evolved distinct morphologies in each of the major clades. UUID: http://zoobank.org/5e6d2078-eacf-4467-84cf-a12efcae7c0b

scholarly journals <i>Navilithus altivelum</i>: a remarkable new genus and species of deep photic coccolithophores

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R. Young ◽  
Harald Andruleit
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Significant Addition ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Genetic Results ◽  
Basal Structure

Abstract. A very distinctive new deep-photic coccolithophore is described from the NE Indian Ocean. The new species is trimorphic with: 200–300 body coccoliths bearing low spines attached by narrow stems to a basal narrow-rimmed placolith structure; up to 18 circum-flagellar coccoliths with tall sail-like spines; and up to 22 coccoliths with moderately elevated spines occurring both around the circum-flagellar coccoliths and antapically. These features make the coccolithophore unique and require placement in a new species and genus. The basal structure, however, shows similarities to a recently recognized group of narrow-rimmed placoliths. Hence, the new coccolithophore provides some support for this grouping as a significant addition to our understanding of coccolithophore biodiversity, and potentially an explanation for a set of anomalous molecular genetic results. In addition the new taxon provides further evidence that the deep-photic coccolithophore community is more diverse than has been assumed.

Cyclotella deceusteriana, a new centric diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic Region

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 333 (1) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
BART VAN DE VIJVER ◽  
STEVEN DESSEIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Centric Diatom ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Freshwater Diatom

During a survey of the freshwater diatom flora of the sub-Antarctic region (Iles Kerguelen and Iles Crozet) in the southern Indian Ocean, an unknown Cyclotella taxon was observed that was formerly identified as the presumed cosmopolitan C. meneghinana. Detailed morphological analysis based on light and scanning electron microscopical observations and comparison with several similar Cyclotella taxa worldwide justified the description of this unknown taxon as a new species: Cyclotella deceusteriana sp. nov. The new taxon is characterized by the presence of marginal fultoportulae on every costa, hyaline furrows between the raised marginal parts on which the striae are located, 2, occasionally 1, 3 or 4 central fultoportulae and an entirely flat, smooth, relatively small central area. The new species is described and compared with other Cyclotella taxa. Notes on its distribution and ecology are added.

scholarly journals Paleoecological and taphonomical aspects of the Late Miocene vertebrate coprolites (Urumaco Formation) of Venezuela

2018 ◽  
Vol 490 ◽  
pp. 590-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Dentzien-Dias ◽  
Jorge Domingo Carrillo-Briceño ◽  
Heitor Francischini ◽  
Rodolfo Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Urumaco Formation

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Charadrella Wulp (Diptera, Muscidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstern L. F. Haseyama ◽  
Claudio J. B. de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Two New Species

We revise the Neotropical snail-feeding Charadrella and add two new species to it, one from Bolivia and one from Brazil. Additionally, we perform a cladistic analysis of the genus, based on morphological characters. Parsimony analyses were carried out under equal and implied weights. Our matrix included 25 species from nine Neotropical and three Afrotropical genera, including the snail-feeding Cariocamyia Snyder (Neotropical), Aethiopomyia Malloch, Alluaudinella Giglio-Tos and Ochromusca Bigot (Afrotropical). The following relationships between the species of Charadrella were recovered: (C. albuquerquei (C. macrosoma (C. malacophaga (C. boliviana, sp. nov., C. nambikwara, sp. nov.)))). In our chosen topology, the clade that includes Charadrella has the following topology (Dichaetomyia (Alluaudinella (Ochromusca (Itatingamyia (Cariocamyia, Charadrella))))), supporting the placement of the genus in the Dichaetomyiinae.

Euphorbia mongoliensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Inner Mongolia, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
ER-HUAN ZANG ◽  
MING-XU ZHANG ◽  
WEN-LE WANG ◽  
CHUN-HONG ZHANG ◽  
MIN-HUI LI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Flora Of China ◽  
A New Species

In May 2020, a new taxon of Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae was collected from a dry hillside of Dongsheng District, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia. The morphological characteristics of the specimens analyzed differ from those of the known Euphorbia species from this region; therefore, we suspected this may be a new species, and we set to analyze the ITS2 sequences of some Euphorbia species. The results show that the new taxon belongs to the sect. Esula of Euphorbia subg. Esula. It is similar to Euphorbia esula (description from Flora of China) but does not belong to the same species. Concomitantly, plant morphological data and pollen morphology results show significant differences between the new taxon, E. esula and E. caesia, a finding that supports the delimitation of this new taxon, which is named Euphorbia mongoliensis in accordance with its geographical distribution.

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