Phylogeny of tick vectors for Lyme disease inferred by analyzing sequences of nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Minoru Nakao ◽  
Mie Yabuki ◽  
Masahito Fukunaga
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽  
Tick Vectors

scholarly journals Surveillance of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Suburban Natural Habitats of Central Maryland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Milholland ◽  
Lars Eisen ◽  
Robyn M Nadolny ◽  
Andrias Hojgaard ◽  
Erika T Machtinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Questing Ticks ◽  
Tick Vectors

Abstract Lyme and other tick-borne diseases are increasing in the eastern United States and there is a lack of research on integrated strategies to control tick vectors. Here we present results of a study on tick-borne pathogens detected from tick vectors and rodent reservoirs from an ongoing 5-yr tick suppression study in the Lyme disease-endemic state of Maryland, where human-biting tick species, including Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) (the primary vector of Lyme disease spirochetes), are abundant. During the 2017 tick season, we collected 207 questing ticks and 602 ticks recovered from 327 mice (Peromyscus spp. (Rodentia: Cricetidae)), together with blood and ear tissue from the mice, at seven suburban parks in Howard County. Ticks were selectively tested for the presence of the causative agents of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [s.l.]), anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), babesiosis (Babesia microti), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia ewingii, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and ‘Panola Mountain’ Ehrlichia) and spotted fever group rickettsiosis (Rickettsia spp.). Peromyscus ear tissue and blood samples were tested for Bo. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s), A. phagocytophilum, Ba. microti, and Borrelia miyamotoi. We found 13.6% (15/110) of questing I. scapularis nymphs to be Bo. burgdorferi s.l. positive and 1.8% (2/110) were A. phagocytophilum positive among all sites. Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. was found in 71.1% (54/76) of I. scapularis nymphs removed from mice and 58.8% (194/330) of captured mice. Results from study on tick abundance and pathogen infection status in questing ticks, rodent reservoirs, and ticks feeding on Peromyscus spp. will aid efficacy evaluation of the integrated tick management measures being implemented.

scholarly journals The new Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 diagnostic tool clarifies the taxonomic position and geographic distribution of the North American malaria vector Anopheles punctipennis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Hodge ◽  
Andrey A. Yurchenko ◽  
Dmitriy A. Karagodin ◽  
Reem A. Masri ◽  
Ryan C. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2

Abstract Background The malaria mosquito Anopheles punctipennis, a widely distributed species in North America, is capable of transmitting human malaria and is actively involved in the transmission of the ungulate malaria parasite Plasmodium odocoilei. However, molecular diagnostic tools based on Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA are lacking for this species. Anopheles punctipennis is a former member of the Anopheles maculipennis complex but its systematic position remains unclear. Methods In this study, ITS2 sequences were obtained from 276 An. punctipennis specimens collected in the eastern and midwestern United States and a simple and robust Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism approach for species identification was developed. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS2 sequences available through this study and from GenBank for 20 species of Anopheles. Results The analysis demonstrated a consistent ITS2 sequence length and showed no indications of intragenomic variation among the samples based on ITS2, suggesting that An. punctipennis represents a single species in the studied geographic locations. In this study, An. punctipennis was found in urban, rural, and forest settings, suggesting its potential broad role in pathogen transmission. Phylogeny based on ITS2 sequence comparison demonstrated the close relationship of this species with other members of the Maculipennis group. Conclusions This study developed molecular tools based on ITS2 sequences for the malaria vector An. punctipennis and clarified the phylogenetic position of the species within the Maculipennis group.

scholarly journals Rhizospheric Microbiome Profiling of Capsicum annuum L. Cultivated in Amended Soils by 16S and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 rRNA Amplicon Metagenome Sequencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asaff-Torres ◽  
Mariana Armendáriz-Ruiz ◽  
Manuel Kirchmayr ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez-Heredia ◽  
Marcos Orozco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Root Exudate ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Metagenome Sequencing ◽  
Microbiome Profiling

ABSTRACT Rhizospheric microbiomes of Capsicum annuum L. cultivated either conventionally or amended with a synthetic microbial consortium or a root exudate inductor, were characterized by 16S/internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) rRNA amplicon metagenome sequencing. The most abundant taxa found, although differently represented in each treatment, were Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacilli, as well as Chytridiomycetes and Mortierellomycotina.

scholarly journals Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) barcodes: A useful tool for identifying ChineseZanthoxylum

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e01157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Li Zhao ◽  
Shi-Jing Feng ◽  
Jie-Yun Tian ◽  
An-Zhi Wei ◽  
Tu-Xi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2

The Low Copy Nuclear Gene Region, Granule Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS1), as a Novel Mini-DNA Barcode for the Identification of Different Sage (Salvia) Species

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iffat Parveen ◽  
Natascha Techen ◽  
Sara M. Handy ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Charles Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Starch Synthase ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽  
Granule Bound Starch Synthase

AbstractMorphological similarity within species makes the identification and authentication of Salvia species challenging, especially in dietary supplements that contain processed root or leaf powder of different sage species. In the present study, the species discriminatory power of 2 potential DNA barcode regions from the nuclear genome was evaluated in 7 medicinally important Salvia species from the family Lamiaceae. The nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 and the exon 9 – 14 region of low copy nuclear gene WAXY coding for granule-bound starch synthase 1 were tested for their species discrimination ability using distance, phylogenetic, and BLAST-based methods. A novel 2-step PCR method with 2 different annealing temperatures was developed to achieve maximum amplification from genomic DNA. The granule-bound starch synthase 1 region showed higher amplification and sequencing success rates, higher interspecific distances, and a perfect barcode gap for the tested species compared to the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2. Hence, these novel mini-barcodes generated from low copy nuclear gene regions (granule-bound starch synthase) that were proven to be effective barcodes for identifying 7 Salvia species have potential for identification and authentication of other Salvia species.

What Else Is in Salviae officinalis folium? Comprehensive Species Identification of Plant Raw Material by DNA Metabarcoding

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (06/07) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Schmiderer ◽  
Brigitte Lukas ◽  
Joana Ruzicka ◽  
Johannes Novak
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractQuality control of drugs consists of identifying the raw material to avoid unwanted admixtures or exchange of material as well as looking for abiotic and biotic contaminations. So far, identity and microbial contamination are analyzed by separate processes and separate methods. Species identification by their DNA (“DNA barcoding”) has the potential to supplement existing methods of identification. The introduction of next-generation sequencing methods offers completely new approaches like the identification of whole communities in one analysis, termed “DNA metabarcoding”. Here we present a next-generation sequencing assessment to identify plants and fungi of two commercial sage samples (Salvia officinalis) using the standard DNA barcoding region “internal transcribed spacer” consisting of internal transcribed spacer 1 and internal transcribed spacer 2, respectively. The main species in both samples was identified as S. officinalis. The spectrum of accompanying plant and fungal species, however, was completely different between the samples. Additionally, the composition between internal transcribed spacer 1 and internal transcribed spacer 2 within the samples was different and demonstrated the influence of primer selection and therefore the need for harmonization. This next-generation sequencing approach does not result in quantitative species composition but gives deeper insight into the composition of additional species. Therefore, it would allow for a better knowledge-based risk assessment than any other method available. However, the method is only economically feasible in routine analysis if a high sample throughput can be guaranteed.

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