scholarly journals Russian Pre-Service and Young In-Service Teachers’ Views on Cultural Dimensions of Russian Education: Power Distance

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Pogosian
Keyword(s):  
School Administration ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Large Power ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Russian Education

The article discusses Power Distance as one of the cultural dimensions of Russian education based on the perceptions and views of Russian pre-service and young in-service teachers. These views were elicited in the context of a 2 ECTS master’s degree course, “Cultural Dimensions of Education,” offered at Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia. The course includes Hofstede’s framework of cultural dimensions and the manifestation of these dimensions in educational settings, Hall’s cultural-factors theory (particularly high- and low- context cultures and monochronic versus polychronic cultures), but the research focuses on only one of the cultural dimensions, Hofstede’s Power Distance. The students’ reflections on their own experiences presented in writing as case studies and discussed with their peer students have been analyzed. Evidence has been gained that large Power Distance is a typical feature of Russian educational settings’ attitudes and relationships among all the actors—school administration, teachers, pupils, and their parents. The article discusses some of the cases presented and analyzed by the students and their arguments supporting their points of view. 

scholarly journals The Cultural Factors in the MOOC Design in China from Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 13201325
Author(s):  
Xin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Hofstede’S Cultural Dimensions ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Features

With their massiveness and openness, Moocs have become one of the most widespread and influential online learning forms, which leads to the fact that more and more designers with different cultural backgrounds are getting involved in the course design. As a result, the Mooc design such as the styles of the organization and presentation may correspondingly be influenced by cultural values of the designers, and then become barriers for learners. In order to locate the cultural influence reflected in the Mooc design in China, the introductory videos of three courses published on Coursera, which are designed by three well-known universities in China, are sampled for analysis from the aspects of power distance, individualism/collectivism and masculinity/femininity within the framework of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. The findings indicate that the cultural features of the high-power distance, collectivism and femininity have shown their influence on the designing of these courses.

scholarly journals An international study of the impact of cultural factors on the prevalence of family-owned firms

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-531
Author(s):  
Amir Shoham ◽  
Varda Yaari
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ownership Types

A key question in international corporate governance is why certain in ownership types are prevalent in different countries around the world (La Prota et al., 1999). In this study, we provide an answer for the prevalence of the family-owned firms in 42 countries by examining key characteristics of culture. We show that family-ownership is positively correlated with power distance (PD), in-group collectivism (CI) and, insignificantly, with uncertainty avoidance (UA). Our study makes a contribution to the field since previous research used religion and language as umbrella constructs for culture, while we pinpoint specific cultural dimensions

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Culture on Audit-Detected Accounting Errors

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hung Chan ◽  
Kenny Z. Lin ◽  
Phyllis Lai Lan Mo
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Personnel Turnover ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Accounting Errors

This study draws on the theoretical framework of Hofstede's model to examine the impact of different cultural dimensions on audit-detected accounting errors. Based on the accounting errors detected in 80 foreign enterprises of different cultures operating in China, we test the direct effect of the cultural dimensions, power distance and individualism, on the magnitude of accounting errors. The results indicate that power distance and individualism have significant explanatory power in describing the differences in the relative magnitude of errors. Centralization of power in a few individuals, management override of controls, and less competent personnel are important attributes of a large power distance enterprise that contribute to larger errors. Enterprises of an individualist culture, which are characterized by higher personnel turnover and more reliance on accounting numbers for individual performance evaluation, are found to have larger errors. These results should be useful for auditors in assessing the likelihood of material errors from a cultural perspective.

The Cultural Metaphor Revisited

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Sarah Nielsen ◽  
Ana Maria Soares ◽  
Carlos Páscoa Machado
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Large Power ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Group Orientation ◽  
Shared Space

This article develops the Fado, a unique folk music form, as a cultural metaphor for Portugal. This process illustrates the value of the metaphoric methodology as a means to deepen understanding of national cultures. Findings yield three major insights. First, the Fado metaphor provides a rich illustration of the Portuguese cultural mindset, embraced by the population as an enduring representation of national identity. Second, the Fado metaphor enables us to incorporate cultural characteristics represented by several traditional dimensions frameworks to elucidate our understanding of significant cultural factors. Third, the cultural metaphor method breaks through the constraints imposed by dimensional research and enables us to understand intra-cultural variations in attitudes, behaviors, and values. Particularly, the identification of cultural paradoxes constitutes a major contribution of this work. Paradoxes described here capture the dialectic nature of Portuguese culture in the areas of Fatalism and Perseverance; Large Power Distance and Equality; Uncertainty Avoidance and Risk-Taking; Group Orientation and Isolation; and Private and Shared Space.

Power Distance, Political Uncertainty, and Stock Price Crash Risk: International Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoling Su ◽  
Xunchang Zhang ◽  
Jianming Ye
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Corporate Disclosure ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Political Event ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Government

This study tests the effect of unbalanced power distance (PD) (i.e., Hofstede’s cultural dimensions PD index) and individual stock price crash risk. We examine the stock price behavior of listed firms in 37 countries from 2004 to 2016 and use multivariate analyses to document that societal PD is important in explaining firms’ propensity to release accounting information. This propensity suggests a psychological tendency regarding timing management, particularly for bad news. As countries with large PD prefer to keep things under control, the result is fewer unexpected stock price crashes during the long windows between election events. However, because large-PD countries focus their markets on maintaining temporary peace before and during periods of political events (i.e., national elections), crash risk increases after the political event window. Consistent with these predictions, we find that in large-PD countries, companies generally have less incentive to hide negative information and thus generate stock price crashes. This situation is substantially changed during the postpolitical windows, when firms and ways of spreading information are more controlled by the government. Our findings suggest that formal mechanisms alone are insufficient to explain the behaviors of corporate disclosure that are entangled with informal instruments.

scholarly journals An assessment of the moderating role of employees’ cultural orientations amongst foreign manufacturing multinational companies in Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice A. Dimba ◽  
Robert Rugimbana
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Orientation: This article investigates the question, of whether culture really matters in implementing international strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices.Research purpose: Specifically, this study sought to investigate the extent to which employee cultural orientations moderate the link between SHRM practices and firm performance in large foreign manufacturing multinational companies in Kenya. Motivation for the study: Large foreign multinational companies have generally applied SHRM practices without adaptation when trying to improve employee performance even though resource based perspectives argue for the consideration of employees’ cultural orientations. Research design, approach and method: SHRM practices were conceptualised as independent variables measured through distinct practices. Organisational performance as a dependent variable was measured using constructs of image, interpersonal relations, and product quality. Cultural dimensions adopted for this study were power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism or collectivism, and masculinity or femininity. The above conceptual framework was tested by the use of both quantitative and qualitative techniques with data from fifty (50) large foreign multinational companies operating in Kenya. Main findings: Findings indicated that the relationship between SHRM practices and firm performance depend to a greater extent on employee cultural orientations when power distance is considered. Power distance (PD) refers to the extent of people accepting that power in institutions and organisations when distributed unequally. The greater the PD, the greater the acceptance of this inequality. Practical/managerial implications: The study supported the notion that the relationship between SHRM practices and firm performance is moderated by power distance through motivation but not by the other three bipolar dimensions namely, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity or Femininity and Individualism or Collectivism. Contribution/value-add: This is the first large-scale empirical article that has focused on the moderating role of employees’ cultural orientations in large foreign manufacturing companies operating in Kenya.

scholarly journals E-working: Country Versus Culture Dimension

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Michal Beňo
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Geert Hofstede ◽  
Different Cultures

Globalisation and increasing digitisation mean that companies must increasingly orientate themselves internationally in order to become (more) competitive or to remain competitive. Promoting e-working can revitalise rural development. The issue involved is always interaction between people from different cultures, between people who, according to their cultural backgrounds, feel, think and act differently. When cultural diversity and differences are taken into account, greater creativity, more diverse ideas and faster problem solving are achieved. The cultural dimensions, according to Geert Hofstede, offer a comprehensive model for capturing the various expressions of intercultural values. This paper examines the motives for applying e-working in selected European countries in 2018 according to Hofstede’s six dimensions of national culture. Twenty-eight countries from the Eurostat database were analysed (Finland and the Netherlands were excluded, and software detected them in the e-working variable as outliers). Correlation with e-working is statistically significant at PDI (power distance index - negative: the lower the PDI index, the higher the proportion of e-working) and IVR index (indulgence versus restraint - positive: the higher the IVR index, the higher the proportion of e-working).

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR PENYEBAB KEMISKINAN DI KOTA SEMARANG DARI DIMENSI KULTURAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyu Rejekiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Positive Behaviors ◽  
Real Work ◽  
Low Educated

This research is used to describe and identify the characteristics of poor people in Semarang. We select poor people from 4 villages in Semarang as sample, Bubakan, Krobokan, Genuksari, and Tandang village. In general, factors that cause poverty can be divided into 3 dimensions, natural, structural, and cultural factors. Poverty studies in this research will be analyzed by Cultural dimension approach. From the result we know that the characteristics of poor people in Semarang, are: most of the households’ leaders are low educated (elementary graduated), work as labors, and have some responsibilities to three persons. Besides, we know that there is no equal level on support distribution to poor people. Related to the analysis from cultural dimensions, we know that in Semarang, poor people have cultural value orientations and positive behaviors to see the real life, real work, real time, and the connections between nature and human.

scholarly journals Do Western Companies Appropriately Adapt Their Indonesian Promotional Websites to an Indonesian Audience? A Study Applying Content Analysis of Cultural Cues Reveals Some Answers

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Philip Michael Ross Smith ◽  
Adrian Wee Tiong Weng ◽  
Suhor Anuar ◽  
Thanapat Kijbumrung
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Cultural Cues ◽  
Website Content

This study explores the depiction of local culture in the Indonesian websites of English and American companies operating in Indonesia. The objective is to evaluate if the websites have been adapted to the local culture of Indonesia. Content analysis was employed in the analysis utilising an instrument applied in many similar types of research on website content analysis. Results of the study suggest that more effort is needed by the foreign companies to adapt their websites to this local cultural environment, particularly with regards to the cultural dimensions of high context, collectivism and power distance.

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