scholarly journals Ice and mineral licks used by caribou in winter

Rangifer ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Heard ◽  
T. Mark Williams
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Barren Ground ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Mineral Licks ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

In winter, barren-ground caribou obtain minerals from ice and soil licks. Between December and April we have seen caribou cratering on the surface of frozen lakes and licking the ice. Ice samples from eight licks on four lakes contained concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, chloride and sulphate many times higher than in the surrounding unlicked ice or than would be expected in lake water. Soil licks being used in March and June had high concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium phosphorus and potassium. In winter caribou may be seeking supplements of all of the major mineral elements (calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium) at ice and soil licks because lichens, their staple winter diet, are low in minerals and may also reduce the absorption of some minerals.

Analysis in the Concentration, Determination and Comparison of some Mineral Elements in the Natural Salt-Licks Utilized by Elephants: Mt. Elgon National Park Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1796-1800
Author(s):  
Anne J. Sitienei ◽  
Ji Wen Ge ◽  
Shadrack M. Ngene ◽  
Mupenzi Jean De La Paix ◽  
Fred. K. Waweru
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The aim of the study undertaken at Mt. Elgon National Park was to determine the chemical composition and variation of some mineral elements in saltlicks utilized by elephants in Mt. Elgon National Park. Laboratory analysis was done for individual identification and determination of the concentration for sodium potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Rock samples were processed using Double Acid Technique. The elephants of Mt. Elgon have been engaging in earth eating behaviour. regular visits to saltlicks located in caves is as a result of some of the mineral elements such as sodium potassium and calcium. The park management could overcome the problem of elephants entering the saltlicks by having sodium and potassium mineral supplement policy for the park.

scholarly journals Mineral Composition of Three Popular Wild Mushrooms from Poland

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Michalina Gałgowska ◽  
Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The region of Warmia and Mazury is characterized by the special diversity and richness of its natural environment, including large forest complexes, where wild mushrooms are commonly collected and consumed. This study aimed to examine the differences in mineral content (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese) of three species of mushrooms collected in north-eastern Poland. The research material consisted of dried samples of king bolete (Boletus edulis), bay bolete (Boletus badius), and chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) collected in the region of Warmia and Mazury. The content of the above-mentioned elements in mushroom fruit bodies was determined using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (acetylene-air flame) and the emission technique (acetylene-air flame) for sodium and potassium. For the majority of micro- and macroelements, the studies confirmed the presence of significant differences in their content, depending on the species of fungi. The studied mushrooms cover a significant percentage of daily demand for many of the minerals. This concerns mainly copper, zinc, and potassium, although none of the species was a good source of calcium and sodium. Among the analyzed mushrooms, chanterelle is the best source of most minerals.

scholarly journals The Physiology Of Excretion In A Blood-Sucking Insect, Rhodnius Prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

1931 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-427
Author(s):  
V. B. WIGGLESWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Clear Fluid ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

An adult Rhodnius will ingest from two to three times its weight of blood at a single meal, and about three-quarters of the water in this blood is excreted as a clear fluid during the next three or four hours. This fluid is alkaline (pH 7.8), more or less isotonic with the blood (sp. gr. 1.007; Δ = 0.62-0.68), and serves for the elimination of most of the sodium and potassium chlorides in the meal. It also contains urea, bicarbonate, sulphate and uric acid. After the first day, the urine gradually becomes acid (pH 6.0-6.5 and much more concentrated, and contains a yellow pigment. Uratic spheres appear and increase in number until the urine is semi-solid. The urine now contains only traces of sodium, potassium, chloride and urea. There are small amounts of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, sulphate, creatine and probably amino acids. There is never any ammonia. Almost all the nitrogen is excreted as uric acid. This is in the form of minute spheres with radial striation, in which about 80 to 90 per cent, of the uric acid is free; the rest, presumably, as sodium and potassium acid urate.

Osmoregulation of Lampetra Fluviatilis L. and Petromyzon Marinus (Cyclostomata) in Hyperosmotic Solutions

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-243
Author(s):  
ALAN D. PICKERING ◽  
R. MORRIS
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Anadromous Migration ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Osmoregulatory Mechanism

1. Freshly caught migrating lampreys were placed in 50% sea water and their method of osmoregulation was analysed. Some osmoregulated more successfully than others. 2. Water balance is maintained by a mechanism involving the drinking of large quantities of water (up to 99.5 ml/kg/day). Sodium, potassium and chloride are absorbed by the intestine (often against a concentration gradient) with the subsequent uptake of water. Divalent ions are not readily absorbed by the intestine and there is some evidence for the secretion of magnesium and sulphate into the gut lumen. 3. The limited urine flow (up to 6.2 ml/kg/day) is used for the excretion of calcium, magnesium and sulphate in high concentrations, but the urine is never hyperosmotic to the blood. The urinary excretion of monovalent ions is not sufficient to eliminate those entering by the intestine and extrarenal excretion at the gills must presumably occur. 4. The breakdown of this osmoregulatory mechanism during the anadromous migration involves: an increase in the permeability of the integument to water, breakdown of the swallowing mechanism which is not dependent upon the occlusion of the alimentary canal, a reduction in the ability to absorb monovalent ions and water from the ingested 50% sea water, and a loss in the large mitochondria-rich ‘chloride output cells’ of the gills. 5. The similarities between the mechanisms of ‘marine’ osmoregulation of lampreys and teleosts are discussed in terms of the evolution of the two groups, and it is concluded that almost identical osmoregulatory mechanisms have evolved independently.

scholarly journals The Magnesium and other Inorganic Constituents of some Marine Invertebrates

1933 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. McCance ◽  
H. L. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Marine Biological Association ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Inorganic Constituents

The sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron of a number of marine invertebrates have been determined and some of the findings are very briefly discussed.The common winkle Littorina littorea contains 330–510 mg. of magnesium per 100 g. of live weight. All the organs appear to contain these high concentrations. Boiled specimens of whelks contained about 160 mg. of magnesium per 100 g.We should like to thank the Director and Staff of the Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association for their assistance. R. A. McC. has held a part-time grant and H. L. S. a full time grant from the Medical Research Council during this work.

scholarly journals Quality of Organic Vegetables Grown in Two Certified Sites on the Outskirts of Bucharest Municipality

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Mihaela Lungu ◽  
Sorin Liviu Ștefănescu ◽  
Monica Dumitrașcu
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
The One

Abstract Soil fertility properties, irrigation water quality, mineral nutrition, and some vegetables mineral composition were studied in the frame of a project regarding yield quality monitoring in certified organic vegetable farms, in two farms placed on the outskirts of Bucharest Municipality which provide products for the town’s organic market. Chemical analysis of the soil samples collected from the two farms reflects a good fertility, close to the natural one of this region soils, with well-balanced organic matter, total nitrogen, accessible phosphorus and potassium contents. The nitrates contents concord with the plants nutrition demands and don’t present the risk to accumulate in vegetables or to leach into the groundwater. Slightly increased microelements, both total and soluble forms, occur. Soil microbiological properties are favorable for vegetable plants growth. A good biodiversity is noticed. There are differences between soil properties in open field and greenhouses, induced both by the type and degree of mechanical works and materials applied for fertilization and plant protection. Good conditions are generally created for plants mineral nutrition. Mineral nutrition status of the vegetables grown in organic conditions, assessed by the leaves mineral composition, doesn’t differ from the one of the vegetables grown in conventional conditions. The vegetables (fresh material) harvested from the two studied farms have good, even high, concentrations of mineral elements important for the yield nutritional quality. The excessive microelements quantities noticed in soil don’t transfer in the yield, so the latter quality and nutritional properties are not altered.

Daily patterns of feeding and excretion in rats confined to metabolism cages : strain and age differences

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bellamy ◽  
P. A. Lamming ◽  
A. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Daily Concentration ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Data are presented on the daily feeding and excretion patterns of Wistar, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar/Sprague-Dawley hybrid rats confined to metabolism cages. All strains were characterized by the formation of a grossly hypertonic urine which contained high concentrations of both sodium and potassium. Daily concentration rhythms were found in urinary sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, but the magnitude of these rhythms depended on strain and age. Rats of all ages were characterized by a high turnover of water and salts. A large proportion of the water was lost by routes other than urine and faeces, and the animals appeared to absorb a slightly hypertonic salt solution from the intestine (the result of eating and drinking) in order to counteract this water loss.

scholarly journals Coffee Brews: Are They a Source of Macroelements in Human Nutrition?

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Ewa Olechno ◽  
Anna Puścion-Jakubik ◽  
Katarzyna Socha ◽  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Coffee Brew ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Coffee Brews

Coffee brews, made by pouring water on coffee grounds or brewing in an espresso machine, are among the most popular beverages. The aim of this study was to summarize data on the content of macroelements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in coffee brews prepared with different methods, as well as to review the factors influencing the content of the elements. Studies from 2000 to 2020, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. Taking into account the results presented by the authors, we calculated that one portion of coffee brew can cover 7.5% or 6.4% (for women and men) and 6.6% of the daily requirement for magnesium and potassium, respectively. Coffee provides slightly lower amounts of phosphorus (up to 2.2%), sodium (up to 2.2%), and calcium (up to 0.7% of the daily requirement for women and 0.6% for men). If coffee is drunk in the quantity of three to four cups, it can be an important source of magnesium, considering the risk of magnesium deficiency in modern societies.

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