Variable within variable - Simultaneous stability and change. The case of syllable-final s in Ciudad Real

Marko Kapović

doi:10.7557/1.6.2.4223

Variable within variable - Simultaneous stability and change. The case of syllable-final s in Ciudad Real

Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics ◽

10.7557/1.6.2.4223 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 249-283

Author(s):

Marko Kapović

Keyword(s):

Great Majority ◽

Present Moment ◽

Clear Pattern ◽

Specific Context ◽

Stability And Change ◽

Ciudad Real ◽

Atlas Data ◽

Simultaneous Stability ◽

Stable Variable

Spanish syllable-final s has been found to be completely stable in the great majority of the varieties in which it has been studied as a sociolinguistic variable. The same is true for the variety of Ciudad Real, Spain, where our data have shown not only lack of indication of any type of change at the present moment through inferences made from apparent time, but also evidence of its stability in the last hundred years by looking at the data from the available linguistic atlases. However, in our investigation, we performed a study of all the separate contexts in which the syllable-final s occurs, and it was discovered that in one of them, the sequence /s/+/t/, a different kind of behavior was registered. Namely, in this specific context, apparent-time inferences additionally supported by the older linguistic atlas data show a clear pattern of a change from above towards a normative realization of the sibilant. In this paper, we will try to explain how it is possible for a stable variable to contain within itself a subvariable which in turn shows signs of a change in progress.

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Kaizen Award in Romania: the KAIZEN™ way in obtaining the continuous improvement success

Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence ◽

10.1515/picbe-2017-0109 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1058-1067

Author(s):

Julien Bratu ◽

Andrei Răduţu

Keyword(s):

Continuous Improvement ◽

Sustainable Management ◽

Role Model ◽

Great Majority ◽

Business Environment ◽

Present Moment ◽

System A ◽

Business System ◽

The Times ◽

European Markets

Abstract In the times when the economic performance and sustainable management are representing two of the most challenging characteristics of the business environment, there are some methods and techniques that passed the test of time. The great majority of companies are using in the present the KAIZEN™ Business System, a system of management which has been expanding in all over the world, by having and implying the power of continuous improvement and standardization. Having as “role-model” the well-known Toyota Production System, KAIZEN™ Business System has become the fundamental way of managing a business, which led to the creation of personalized management systems for companies. In Romania, it was also developed the Kaizen by Harmony concept, as an approach of KAIZEN™ Business System, its results being highly appreciated at the international level. In the daily challenging task of changing the paradigms and mentalities, several companies succeeded in understanding the importance of KAIZEN™ Business System and have been applying the Kaizen by Harmony concept ever since. Their results are impressive, few companies reaching to the international benchmark level in their fields of activity and becoming leaders of the Romanian or European markets. Therefore, the Kaizen Award in Romania has become the proper way of acknowledging their results and efforts to strive for excellence in the endless cycle of the continuous improvement. The aim of this paper is to describe the competitive advantage offered by KAIZEN™ Business System and Kaizen by Harmony, in strong correlation with the practical approach of the case-studies representing the amazing stories of the Kaizen Award in Romania winners until the present moment. The use of these best practices will underline once again some important business characteristics that must exist in every company, for it to become and remain competitive.

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Novi infundibulum na nekropoli antičkog Jadera

Archaeologia Adriatica ◽

10.15291/archeo.977 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ivo Fadić

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽

Great Majority ◽

Specific Context ◽

Rare Form ◽

Aromatic And Medicinal Plants ◽

Archaeological Excavations ◽

Grave Goods

The zone where the Roman cemetery of Iader extended was confirmed in the recent rescue excavations in Ivan Zadranin Street in Zadar. In the excavations 35 Roman burials were discovered. The great majority of the discovered graves consist of cremation graves with extremely rich finds and grave goods. One of them was a cremation grave – grave 34 – containing a glass funnel or infundibulum. Including this new find of a funnel, so far 7 completely preserved glass funnels have been discovered in Zadar. Along with two funnels without a specific context for the finds, all of the others were uncovered in a grave context of cremation burials during archaeological excavations at the Roman cemetery of Iader. Glass funnels are a quite specific and rare form of freeblown glass vessels, which serve for transferring but not storing various liquids. Perhaps the finds of numerous glass funnels in this region, which are presumed to be of eastern Mediterranean production, were a result of activities in processing aromatic and medicinal plants. Such a hypothesis would certainly be supported by the numerous finds of other glass forms, but also the existence of one or more local glass workshops. Thus the need for glass products in general, and hence also for funnels, considering that glass is very neutral in terms of the contents stored in it, would be based in activities producing various pharmaceutical preparations. Judging from the glass funnels, such activities took place in the second half of the 1st century AD.

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