Effect of Different Placement of Heel Rockers on Lower-Limb Joint Biomechanics in Healthy Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maedeh Farzadi ◽  
Zahra Safaeepour ◽  
Hoda Nabavi ◽  
Masumeh Bagherzadeh Cham ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Medial Malleolus ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Joint Biomechanics ◽  
Single Limb Support ◽  
Rocker Shoes

Background: Rocker shoes are commonly prescribed to healthy and pathologic populations to decrease stress on the lower limbs. An optimal rocker shoe design must consider both toe and heel rockers. Heel rockers are as effective as toe rockers in relieving foot plantar pressures. However, most studies have focused on the position of toe rockers. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different heel rocker apex placements on lower-limb kinetics and kinematics. Methods: Eighteen healthy females participated in this study. Three pairs of rocker shoes with rocker apex positions anterior to the medial malleolus (shoe A), at the medial malleolus (shoe B), and posterior to the medial malleolus (shoe C) were fabricated and then compared with a flat shoe (shoe D). Kinetic and kinematic data were collected, and lower-extremity joint ranges of motion and moments were calculated. Results: Ankle range of motion was increased by shoe C (P = .04) during initial contact and by shoe A (P = .02) during single-limb support. Peak knee moment was significantly larger for shoes A and B (P < .05) during single-limb support. Conclusions: Results showed that forward and backward shifting of the heel rocker apex could change the knee moment and ankle joint range of motion in the stance phase of gait. Therefore, placement of the heel rocker in a rocker-bottom shoe can be manipulated to promote the desired lower-limb motion, at least in healthy individuals.

scholarly journals Effect of different forefoot rocker radii on lower-limb joint biomechanics in healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
L. van Kouwenhove ◽  
G.J. Verkerke ◽  
K. Postema ◽  
R. Dekker ◽  
J.M. Hijmans
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Joint Biomechanics

scholarly journals Effect of corvitin on oxygen homeostasis and blood gas transmitters in ischemia-reperfusion of the lower limbs

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
V. N. Zasimovich ◽  
V. V. Zinchuk ◽  
N. N. Ioskevich
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Oxygen Homeostasis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Patients

Introduction. Reperfusion-reoxygenation syndrome (RRS) after revascularization of the lower limbs in obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries is accompanied by a violation of the oxygen transport function of the blood (OTFB) and the content of gas transmitters (GTs). Reperfusion injury affects not only the tissues of the lower limbs, but also of anatomically distant organs, which supposes that effective RRS correction is required. Aim. To study the effect of Corvitin on the OTFB parameters and the content of GT of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the venous blood of the forearm after revascularization of the lower limb in chronic atherosclerotic occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Materials and methods. The study included 118 male patients. Revascularization of the lower limb was carried out by the method of loop endaterectomy from the SFA. Patients of group I (n=52) received traditional medication, 51 patients of group II additionally received Corvitin. In the blood from the vein of the elbow bend before the operation, on the 3rd and 8th days after it, the indices of OTFB and GTs were determined. Results. In group I, on the 3rd day after surgery, pO2 increased in relation to healthy individuals by 5.2–18.5%, while pCO2 decreased by 4.8–6.7%, depending on the stage of initial ischemia. The concentrations of NO and H2S increased by 9.2–50.1% and 9.2–21.1%, respectively. The increase in the parameters of hyperoxemia, hypocapnemia and GT after the return of blood circulation decreases with the use of Corvitin (p˂0.05). By the end of the early postoperative period, the indicators of OTFB and GT not only return to their initial values, but also do not significantly differ from the group of healthy individuals (p˃0.05). Conclusion. The use of Corvitin effectively corrects violations of OTFB and GT during ischemia-reperfusion of the lower limbs, which prevents tissue reperfusion damage.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Lower Limb Tightness and Practice Time Among Adolescent Baseball Players With Symptomatic Osgood-Schlatter Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596711984797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Omodaka ◽  
Takashi Ohsawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
Hiroyuki Shiozawa ◽  
Syogo Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
Practice Time

Background: Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) is characterized by traction apophysitis of the tibial tuberosity. Few studies on symptomatic and asymptomatic OSD have correlated findings with clinical examination. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between lower limb tightness and practice time among adolescent baseball players with symptomatic OSD. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study participants were 402 male baseball players (N = 804 knees) with a mean ± SD age of 10.9 ± 1.5 years (range, 7-14 years). Participant age, height, body weight, body mass index, practice time per week, range of motion of the hip and ankle joints, heel-buttock distance (HBD), and straight-legged raise angle were evaluated. Tibial tuberosity development, as assessed with ultrasonography, was classified into 4 stages: cartilaginous, apophyseal, epiphyseal, and bony. Knees that were classified as apophyseal or epiphyseal were investigated. Participants were divided into 3 groups: non-OSD, asymptomatic OSD, and symptomatic OSD. Results: Of 400 knees in the apophyseal and epiphyseal stages, 23 knees had asymptomatic OSD, and 11 had symptomatic OSD. Players with symptomatic OSD practiced for significantly longer than the non-OSD group ( P = .001) and asymptomatic OSD group ( P = .001). Players with symptomatic OSD also had a larger HBD ( P = .006) and smaller range of motion regarding internal rotation of hip ( P = .023) and dorsiflexion of the ankle ( P = .013) than the non-OSD group. Conclusion: Players with symptomatic OSD had longer practice times than the non-OSD and asymptomatic OSD players. Symptomatic OSD was also associated with tightness of the lower limbs as assessed by the HBD and range of motion in the hip and ankle joints.

The effect of neural mobilization of the brachial plexus on the flexibility of the lower limb: a double-blind trial.

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Priscila De Souza Valente ◽  
Priscilane De Souza Valente ◽  
Augusta Da Silva ◽  
Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco Arêas ◽  
Renato Campos Freire Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Significant Gain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Ground Test ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Minimum Interval

Introduction: The technique of neural mobilization promotes ease in carrying out the movement and they  elasticity of the nervous system, creating and perfecting  straining their normal functions, with resulting increase in range of motion . Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of neural mobilization of the brachial plexus on the gain range of motion in the lower limbs in asymptomatic individuals. Method: The evaluation was conducted in three steps , immediate post-neural pre-mobilization and post - late , by testing the 3rd finger  to the ground test and fleximetry. The technique of brachial plexus neural mobilization was applied for ten days, with three weekly sessions to complete ten days (four weeks), performed on alternate days, with a minimum interval of 24 hours between sessions. The sample consisted of 17 sedentary college students, between 18 and30 years, . All statistical analysis was performed with (p<0.05). Results: In assessing the hamstrings and quadriceps with fleximeter there was not a statistically significant gain range of motion after neural mobilization , however, there was a significant increase in overall flexibility evaluated with the test of the 3rd finger soil to reach the left finger. Conclusion: In this study, neural mobilization brachial plexus got no efficacy to gain range of motion of the lower limbs in asymptomatic individuals. However, the overall results showed earned flexibility to reach the left finger.

Effect of prosthetic ankle units on the gait of persons with bilateral trans-femoral amputations

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexyne L. McNealy ◽  
Steven A. Gard
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Ankle Motion

In able-bodied individuals, the ankle joint functions to provide shock absorption, aid in foot clearance during the swing phase, and provides a rocker mechanism during stance phase to facilitate forward progression of the body. Prosthetic ankles currently used by persons with lower limb amputations provide considerably less function than their anatomical counterparts. However, increased ankle motion in the sagittal plane may improve the gait of persons with lower limb amputations while providing a more versatile prosthesis. The primary aim of this study was to examine and quantify temporal-spatial, kinematic, and kinetic changes in the gait of four male subjects with bilateral trans-femoral amputations who walked with and without prosthetic ankle units. Two prosthesis configurations were examined: (i) Baseline with only two Seattle LightFoot2 prosthetic feet, and (ii) with the addition of Endolite Multiflex Ankle units. Data from the gait analyses were compared between prosthetic configurations and with a control group of able-bodied subjects. The amputee subjects' freely-selected walking speeds, 0.74 ± 0.19 m/s for the Baseline condition and 0.81 ± 0.15 m/s with the ankle units, were much less than that of the control subjects (1.35 ± 0.10 m/s). The amputee subjects demonstrated no difference in walking speed, step length, cadence, or ankle, knee, and hip joint moments and powers between the two prosthesis configurations. Sagittal plane ankle range of motion, however, increased by 3–8° with the addition of the prosthetic ankle units. Compared to the control group, following initial contact the amputee subjects passively increased the rate of energy storage or dissipation at the prosthetic ankle joint, actively increased the power generation at the hip, and increased the extension moment at the hip while wearing the prosthetic ankle configuration. The amputee subjects increased the power generation at their hips, possibly as compensation for the reduced rate of energy return at their prosthetic ankles. Results from subject questionnaires administered following the gait analyses revealed that the prosthetic ankle units provided more comfort during gait and did not increase the perceived effort to walk. The subjects also indicated that they preferred walking with the prosthetic ankle units compared to the Baseline configuration. The results of the study showed that the prosthetic ankle units improved sagittal plane ankle range of motion and increased the comfort and functionality of the amputee subjects’ prostheses by restoring a significant portion of the ankle rocker mechanism during stance phase. Therefore, prosthetic ankle mechanisms should be considered a worthwhile option when prostheses are prescribed for persons with trans-femoral amputations.

scholarly journals Effects of Whole-Body Vibration-Assisted Training on Lower Limb Blood Flow in Children With Myelomeningocele

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szopa ◽  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Ilona Kwiecień-Czerwieniec
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Tibial Arteries

This study investigated the effectiveness of whole-body vibration (WBV) training incorporated into a conventional physiotherapy (PT) program (WBV-assisted training) in improving blood flow in the lower limbs and range of motion in the lower limb joints of children with myelomeningocele (MMC). A total of 31 children with MMC (7–15 years old) underwent a 6 weeks treatment program consisting of 2 weeks of conventional PT followed by 4 weeks of WBV-assisted training. The assessment comprised two parts: evaluation of lower limb joint range of motion and Doppler ultrasonography of the superficial femoral, popliteal, and anterior tibial arteries and was performed three times for each of the participants (at baseline, after 10 sessions of PT but before WBV-assisted training, and after 20 sessions of WBV-assisted training). Our results showed that WBV-assisted training significantly improved lower limb circulation in patients with MMC, increasing velocity and reducing resistivity in all tested arteries. Moreover, WBV-assisted training alleviated lower-extremity contractures, especially of the knee. Thus, WBV-assisted training is effective as an adjunctive rehabilitation program for improving functional mobility in children with MMC.

Association Between Initial Contact Lower Limb Posture And Peak Knee Valgus Moment During Sidestepping

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S278
Author(s):  
Scott G. McLean ◽  
Xuemei Huang ◽  
Antonie J. van den Bogert
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Limb Posture

scholarly journals Lumbo-Pelvic and Lower Limb Joint Kinematics in Subjects with and Without Low Back Pain: A Protocol for Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ghasemi Dehcheshme ◽  
Massoud Arab ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nourbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Kinematic Assessment

Abstract Background Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. While its main cause is mostly unknown, more than 80% of people experience this disorder during their lifetime .Some clinical evidence suggests that people with chronic LBP have various lower extremity movement disorders. This study aims to systematically review the literature on comparing the kinematics of the lumbopelvic region and lower limb joints in people with non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP) compared to healthy individuals. Methods/design: We will search main electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Pedro, ProQuest and Google Scholar) and two key journals (Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, Clinical Biomechanics). Also, the reference list of the previous systematic reviews would be hand-searched. Studies that have examined the kinematic differences in lumbopelvic or lower limbs between NS-LBP and healthy individuals will be included. We will examine the methodological quality and statistical reporting of each eligible trial using the Newcastle – Ottawa Scale (NOS). Discussion To our knowledge, this study will be the first systematic review to examine the kinematic differences of the lower limb joints and pelvic complex between healthy people and NS-LBP. Since the kinematic assessment of the lower extremities and pelvic joints during daily activities may help understand underlying factors causing LBP, it is important to evaluate the kinematic changes in these regions, during repetitive daily functions in these patients. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021230826)

scholarly journals Relationships between movements of the lower limb joints and the pelvis in open and closed kinematic chains during a gait cycle

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenek Svoboda ◽  
Miroslav Janura ◽  
Patrik Kutilek ◽  
Eva Janurova
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Kinematic Chains

AbstractLots of athletic skills performed during practice or competition are initiated by the legs, where athletes either walk or run prior to executing specific skills. Kinematic chains are used to describe the relationships between body segments and joints during movement. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between movements of lower limb segments and the pelvis in open and closed kinematic chains while walking. The experimental group consisted of 32 males (age 23.3 ± 2.5 years, body mass 78.1 ± 8.7 kg, body height 182 ± 6 cm). For 3D analysis, an optoelectronic system Vicon MX (7 cameras, frequency 200 Hz) was used. Positioning of the segments was determined by the PlugInGait Model. Each participant executed five trials at speeds ranging from 1.38 to 1.52 m·s-1. The relationships between angle variables of the lower limbs and the pelvis in selected gait cycle phases were evaluated using STATISTICA software (version 10.0) and the Spearman correlation. The highest numbers of moderate and large correlations were found at opposite toe off, heel rise and initial contact for the sagittal and transversal planes in comparison to the frontal plane. The closed kinematic chain had a stronger impact on determining the movement pattern. The instructions or interventions focusing on closed kinematic chain alternation are more effective for changes in a movement pattern. The preferred limb initiates kinematics in the direction of propulsion, while the non-preferred limb in internal and external rotation.

Association Between Initial Contact Lower Limb Posture And Peak Knee Valgus Moment During Sidestepping

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S278
Author(s):  
Scott G. McLean ◽  
Xuemei Huang ◽  
Antonie J. van den Bogert
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Limb Posture
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