Sever’s Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf W. Scharfbillig ◽  
Sara Jones ◽  
Sheila Scutter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Calcaneal Apophysitis

Background: Sever’s disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is thought to be an inflammation of the apophysis of the heel, which is open in childhood. This condition has been commented on and looked at in a retrospective manner but has not been examined systematically. We assembled the most commonly cited theoretical causative models identified from the literature and tested them to determine whether any were risk factors. Methods: Children with Sever’s disease were compared with a similarly aged nonsymptomatic population to determine whether identifiable risk factors exist for the onset of Sever’s disease. Areas raised in the literature and, hence, compared were biomechanical foot malalignment, as measured by Root et al–type foot measurements and the Foot Posture Index; ankle joint dorsiflexion, measured with a modified apparatus; body mass index; and total activity and types of sport played. Results: Statistically significant but small odds ratios were found in forefoot to rearfoot determination and left ankle joint dorsiflexion. Conclusions: This study suggests that there is no evidence to support that weight and activity levels are risk factors for Sever’s disease. The statistically significant but clinically negligible odds ratio (0.93) on the left side for decreased ankle joint dorsiflexion and statistically significant and clinically stronger odds ratio bilaterally for forefoot to rearfoot malalignment suggest that biomechanical malalignment is an area for further investigation. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(2): 133–145, 2011)

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Severe Disease in an Athletic Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0003
Author(s):  
Elena Sartorelli ◽  
Nicoló Martinelli ◽  
Mohammad Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Carlo Corrado Bonifacini ◽  
Giovanni Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Calcaneal Apophysitis

Category: Hindfoot, Sports, Children Introduction/Purpose: Sever disease is a common cause of pain in growing kids, but there is no consensus among researchers regarding its etiology. Recently several papers studied the role of sport on the physical and the psychological development of the child, including the possibility that these activities can cause overuse injuries in childhood. The purpose of the present study is to identify any association between heel pain due to calcaneal apophysitis and level of sport activity, type of sport, type of terrain, body mass index (BMI) and foot posture. Methods: We studied 430 athletic children in a population-based sample of soccer (29.53%), basketball (48.37%) and volleyball (22.79%) players, aged between 6 and 14 years. Physical examination, Foot Posture Index (FPI), Oxford ankle and foot questionnaire Italian version for children and parents and a custom made questionnaire on sport were collected from each athlete. Diagnosis of Sever disease was made with a positive heel squeeze test. Results: Our data showed that body mass index, sex, type of terrain, type of sport, FPI should not be considered risk factors for calcaneal apophysitis, while exists a statistical significant higher risk for younger age (p < 0.01), lower number of training session/week (p = 0.02) and shorter session (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of Severe disease in athletic children in the study sample was higher in younger and low active patients. BMI was not associated with an increased risk neither sport specialization. Investigating association between the type of terrain and Sever disease it does not appear to have a significant role. Analysis of the FPI produced no significant risk factors. The strengths of this study consists in a large population size, all participants underwent clinical assessment, and the use of a detailed, previously validated test, scales and questionnaire.

scholarly journals Female Urinary Incontinence: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impact on the Quality of Life of Gynecological Clinic Attendees in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Fatimat Motunrayo Akinlusi ◽  
Tawaqualit Abimbola Ottun ◽  
Yusuf Abisowo Oshodi ◽  
Bilkees Oluwatoyin Seriki ◽  
Folasade D. Haleemah Olalere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Female Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Substantial Impact

Aims: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence, risk factors and impact on the quality of life in gynecological clinic attendees of a University Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst gynecological clinic attendees in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria from 1st February to 31st July 2017. Structured questionnaires were used to ascertain the presence of urinary incontinence. Socio-demographic and medical factors; impact on daily activities and treatment history were assessed. Women with and without urinary incontinence were compared. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results: There were 395 women of 25 - 67 years (mean age = 38.81±10.1). About 33% had experienced urinary incontinence in the previous 6 months with Urgency, Mixed and Stress urinary incontinence occurring in 18.0%, 7.6% and 7.3% respectively. Independent risk factors for urinary incontinence were age (odds ratio=0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.26 - 0.92, P =0.026), higher body mass index (odds ratio=1.92, 95% CI =1.53 - 3.00, P =0.004) and history of constipation (odds ratio=2.11, 95% CI =1.30 - 3.43, P =0.003). About 47% of those with urinary incontinence admitted to negative feelings like anxiety and depression; 45% had moderate to severe impact on their quality of life in all domains but only 27.7% sought help. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence is common and risk factors include older age, high body mass index and constipation. Despite its substantial impact on the quality of life, majority do not seek help. Addressing modifiable risks factors and improving treatment seeking behaviour will assist in reducing the prevalence of urinary incontinence. Keywords: female urinary incontinence; quality of life; risk factors; stress incontinence; urgency incontinence.

PS02.154: RISK FACTORS FOR WEIGHT LOSS 1 MONTH AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Hiromi Mohizuki ◽  
Shinji Mine ◽  
Takashi Nakahama ◽  
Masayuki Watanabe ◽  
Naoki Hiki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
High Body

Abstract Background Post-operative body weight loss (BWL) of patients who underwent esophagectomy is common. One month after esophagectomy, some patients lose weight remarkably, and others not. If preoperative or operative risk factors influencing body weight loss are identified, it will be possible that nutritional intervention is given to the patient having these risk factors. Methods In our department, the dietician stays in a surgical ward for nutritional management of patients. Ninety-two patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in 2016 were reviewed. Pre-operative and operative factors were correlated with post-operative BWL. The cut-off value of BWL 1 month after esophagectomy was defined with 75 percentile. Results The median body weight change was -4.8% (-18.5% ∼11.7%). The patients were divided into two groups; 24 patients with ≥ 7.3% of BWL (severe BWL group) and 68 with < 7.3% of BWL (mild BWL group). Patients’ characteristics or post-operative morbidities were not statistically different in these 2 groups. The incidence of patients with reconstruction using a colon or jejunum was higher in severe BWL group. Pre-operative body weight, body mass index, and the value of prealbumin was higher in severe BWL group. On postoperative 14 day, the patients in severe BWL group were likely to have lower energy intake per kilogram of pre-operative body weight. On multivariate analysis, high body mass index [odds ratio = 5.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–47.8; P = 0.046], upper location of tumor [odds ratio = 3.38; 95%, CI = 1.04–11.4; P = 0.043] were independently associated with severe BWL at 1 month after surgery. Conclusion High body mass index of ≥ 25, upper location of tumor were unfavorable risk factors for weight loss 1 month after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Relationship of Body Mass Index, Ankle Dorsiflexion, and Foot Pronation on Plantar Fascia Thickness in Healthy, Asymptomatic Subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Pascual Huerta ◽  
Juan Maria Alarcón García ◽  
Eva Cosin Matamoros ◽  
Julia Cosin Matamoros ◽  
Teresa Díaz Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion ◽  
Foot Pronation ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Background: We sought to investigate the thickness of plantar fascia, measured by means of ultrasonographic evaluation in healthy, asymptomatic subjects, and its relationship to body mass index, ankle joint dorsiflexion range of motion, and foot pronation in static stance. Methods: One hundred two feet of 51 healthy volunteers were examined. Sonographic evaluation with a 10-MHz linear array transducer was performed 1 and 2 cm distal to its insertion. Physical examination was also performed to assess body mass index, ankle joint dorsiflexion, and degree of foot pronation in static stance. Both examinations were performed in a blinded manner. Results: Body mass index showed moderate correlation with plantar fascia thickness at the 1- and 2-cm locations. Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion showed no correlation at either location. Foot pronation showed an inverse correlation with plantar fascia thickness at the 2-cm location and no correlation at the 1-cm location. Conclusion: Body mass index and foot supination at the subtalar joint are related to increased thickness at the plantar fascia in healthy, asymptomatic subjects. Although the changes in thickness were small compared with those in patients with symptomatic plantar fasciitis, they could play a role in the mechanical properties of plantar fascia and in the development of plantar fasciitis. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(5): 379–385, 2008)

scholarly journals Parental Risk Factors and Child Birth Data in a Matched Year and Sex Group Cleft Population: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4615
Author(s):  
Inês Francisco ◽  
Francisco Caramelo ◽  
Maria Helena Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mass Unit ◽  
Parental Risk Factors ◽  
Increase Odds Ratio ◽  
Birth Data

(1) Background: The etiology of orofacial cleft (OC) is not completely known but several genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified. Moreover, a knowledge gap still persists regarding neonatal characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of parental age and mothers’ body mass index on the risk of having an OC child, in a matched year and sex group (cleft/healthy control). Additionally, birth data were analyzed between groups. (2) Methods: 266 individuals born between 1995 to 2015 were evaluated: 133 OC individuals (85 males/48 females) and 133 control (85 males/48 females). A logistic model was used for the independent variables. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparison between the OC phenotypes. (3) Results: Regarding statistically significant parental related factors, the probability of having a cleft child decreases for each maternal year increase (odds ratio = 0.903) and increases for each body mass index unit (kg/m2) increase (odds ratio = 1.14). On the child data birth, for each mass unit (kg) increase, the probability of having a cleft child decrease (odds ratio = 0.435). (4) Conclusions: In this study, only maternal body mass index and maternal age found statistical differences in the risk of having a cleft child. In the children’s initial data, the cleft group found a higher risk of having a lower birth weight but no relation was found regarding length and head circumference.

scholarly journals Clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion do not differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl B. Landorf ◽  
Michelle R. Kaminski ◽  
Shannon E. Munteanu ◽  
Gerard V. Zammit ◽  
Hylton B. Menz
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Foot Posture Index ◽  
Posture Index ◽  
Plantar Heel Pain ◽  
Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Arch Index ◽  
Clinical Measures

AbstractFoot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion have long been proposed to be risk factors for plantar heel pain, however body mass may be a confounder when investigating these factors. The aim of this study was to determine if clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain after accounting for body mass. This was a cross-sectional observational study that compared 50 participants with plantar heel pain to 25 control participants without plantar heel pain who were matched for age, sex and body mass index. Foot posture was assessed using the Foot Posture Index and the Arch Index. Ankle joint dorsiflexion was assessed with a weightbearing lunge test with the knee extended and with the knee flexed. No significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the groups for foot posture, whether measured with the Foot Posture Index or the Arch Index. Similarly, no significant differences were found in the weightbearing lunge test whether measured with the knee extended or with the knee flexed. Clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion do not differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain when body mass is accounted for. Therefore, clinicians should not focus exclusively on foot posture and ankle dorsiflexion and ignore the contribution of overweight or obesity.

scholarly journals Risk factors attributed to failure of ultrasound-guided compression for post-cardiac catheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaf J Shatnawi ◽  
Nabil A Al-zoubi ◽  
Jadallah Jarrah ◽  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Mowafeq Heis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Tract Length ◽  
Neck Diameter

Background: Femoral pseudoaneurysm is the most important access site complication following cardiac catheterization. Ultrasound-guided compression repair is a safe and effective therapeutic modality with variable failure rates and risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate which factors were associated with a higher incidence of ultrasound-guided compression repair failure for post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from medical records at King Abdullah University Hospital during the period from January 2011 to December 2016. A total of 42 patients with post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm had attempted ultrasound-guided compression repair. Data regarding patients, procedure and aneurysm-related factors were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Ultrasound-guided compression repair failed in 31% of the patients. Patients with body mass index of ⩾28 kg/m2, platelet count of ⩽180,000/L, time lag (age of aneurysm) of >48 h following puncture time, aneurysmal neck diameter of ⩾4 mm and communicating tract length of <8 mm were associated with higher rate of ultrasound-guided compression repair failure in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, time lag (age of aneurysm) > 48 h (odds ratio = 5.7), body mass index ⩾ 28 kg/m2 (odds ratio = 7.8), neck diameter > 4 mm (odds ratio = 14.4) and tract length < 8 mm (odds ratio = 18.6) were significantly associated with ultrasound-guided compression repair failure. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided compression repair for patients with post-cardiac catheterization femoral pseudoaneurysm was successful in 69% of the patients. Risk factors for failed ultrasound-guided compression repair were as follows: delayed ultrasound-guided compression repair of >48 h, body mass index ⩾ 28 kg/m2, wide neck diameter > 4 mm and short aneurysmal communication tract < 8 mm.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sever's Disease in an Athletic Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Nicolò Martinelli ◽  
Andrea Spreafico ◽  
Irene Tramacere ◽  
Daniele Marcolli ◽  
Federico Valli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Terrain Type ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Epidemiologic Profile ◽  
Active Patients ◽  
Calcaneal Apophysitis

Background: Sever's disease is a common cause of pain in growing kids. Many papers reported in the literature discuss this pathologic condition, but no consensus regarding its etiology has been found among researchers. The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiologic profile and associated factors of 430 athletic children in a population-based sample of soccer (29.5%), basketball (48.1%), and volleyball (22.3%) players aged 6 to 14 years. Methods: Every athlete was evaluated through physical examination, the Foot Posture Index (FPI), the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire, and a custom-made sports questionnaire. Results: These data show that body mass index, sex, terrain type, sports discipline, and FPI should not be considered as risk factors for calcaneal apophysitis, whereas a significantly higher risk has been found in younger individuals (P &lt; .01), in those with fewer training sessions per week (P = .02), and in those with shorter training sessions (P &lt; .01). Conclusions: The prevalence of Sever's disease in the athletic children evaluated in the present study was higher in younger and less active patients, whereas no differences were registered by sex, FPI, body mass index, terrain type, or sports discipline.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of moderate to severe hepatic steatosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an ultrasonography cross-sectional case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2110427
Author(s):  
Gian Luca Erre ◽  
Floriana Castagna ◽  
Assunta Sauchella ◽  
Pierluigi Meloni ◽  
Arduino Aleksander Mangoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Male Sex

Background: The independent association between hepatic steatosis and rheumatoid arthritis is poorly defined. Methods: The presence of moderate to severe steatosis was assessed, using liver ultrasonography, in 364 consecutive non-diabetic subjects (223 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 141 age- and sex-matched healthy controls). Adjusted multiple regression analysis was performed to explore the association between rheumatoid arthritis and moderate to severe steatosis in the overall sample and identify independent risk factors in the rheumatoid arthritis subgroup. Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe steatosis in the overall sample was 31.3%, with a significantly higher prevalence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than healthy controls (38.7% versus 19.7%, p < 0.0001). After adjustment for sex, age, cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index, waist, hypertension and smoke, rheumatoid arthritis remained significantly associated with moderate to severe steatosis [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 2.24 (1.31, 3.84); p = 0.003]. In the rheumatoid arthritis group, male sex, higher body mass index, higher triglycerides concentrations and higher cumulative dosage of methotrexate [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.11 (1.01, 1.23); p = 0.026] were significantly associated with moderate to severe steatosis, while systemic inflammation, disease activity, use of steroids and biologics were not. Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis is independently associated with moderate to severe steatosis, with male sex, higher body mass index and cumulative dose of methotrexate being predisposing factors. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings and to investigate the effect of steatosis on liver outcomes in the rheumatoid arthritis population.

scholarly journals CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR DETERMINING OF PREDICTORS OF THREATENED PRETERM LABOR

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Yu. Ya. Krut ◽  
A. A. Shevchenko ◽  
V. G. Syusyuka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

The aim of the study – to ascertain predictors of a threat of premature birth. Materials and Methods. 63 patients participated in the gestation period of 22–34 weeks in a prospective open study. Pregnant women were divided into two groups. Thus, the group I included 44 pregnant women, with the threat of PL, and the group II included 19 patients with normal course of pregnancy. All women were tested for body mass index (BMI), progesterone, insulin and cortisol on the day of admission. Statistical processing of materials was carried out by using the software package "Statistica 6.0" (StatSoft, USA) and MedCalc. 10.2.0.0. To determine the predictors of the occurrence of a TPL, the method of binary logistic regression analysis was used. All statistical tests were two-sided; the p-0.05 level was considered as significant. Results and Discussion. An analysis of the results of the observation of 63 pregnant women was provided. In 12 women, pregnancy ended in preterm labor, which was 19 % of the total. The following indicators fell to the dependent predictors of TPL occurrence: body mass index (BMI) ≤ 24 kg/m² significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) of TPL 7.76 times; insulin level <8.65 µMU/ml significantly increased ORR of TPL 5.14 times; OR of TPL increases in 7.02 times, in case that the level of cortisol is less than 577.9 ng/ml; progesterone <139.5 ng/ml increases the odds ratio of TPL in 4.39 times. Taking into account the data of univariate regression analysis, multivariate models of independent predictors of TPL were created. According to the first model (p = 0.0001), independent risk factors for miscarriage include: the age of pregnant women over 25 years, an insulin level more than 8.7 μMO/ml, and the level of cortisol less than 577.9ng/ml. According to the second model (p <0.0001), independent risk factors which increase the risk of TPL occurrence are: BMI less than 24 kg/m2, insulin level more than 8.7 μMO/ml, cortisol level less than 577.9ng / ml. However, the most interesting is the third model (p <0.0001) of independent risk factors for TPL. It includes four indicators: the level of progesterone, less than 139.5 ng/ml, the level of cortisol, less than 577.9 ng/ml, the BMI, less than 24 kg/m2 and the age of pregnant, more than 25 years. Conclusions. It was found that in pregnant women with a threat of preterm birth the age and BMI are the most informative, and in combination with the hormonal examination of women are of primary importance. The obtained results indicate the expedien­cy of inclusion to the standard examination of pregnant women with a threat of premature birth, a comprehensive determination of the level of progesterone, insulin and cortisol, which will enable to identify the risk group for this complication in time and to propose preventive measures.

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