Lack of Evidence Linking Calcium With or Without Vitamin D Supplementation to Cardiovascular Disease in Generally Healthy Adults: A Clinical Guideline From the National Osteoporosis Foundation and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 165 (12) ◽  
pp. 867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Kopecky ◽  
Douglas C. Bauer ◽  
Martha Gulati ◽  
Jeri W. Nieves ◽  
Andrea J. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
National Osteoporosis Foundation ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
American Society

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 4033-4050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F Hiemstra ◽  
Kenneth Lim ◽  
Ravi Thadhani ◽  
JoAnn E Manson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
General Population ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Context A large body of experimental and observational data has implicated vitamin D deficiency in the development of cardiovascular disease. However, evidence to support routine vitamin D supplementation to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease is lacking. Design and Results A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and other literature search engines. Mounting epidemiological evidence and data from Mendelian randomization studies support a link between vitamin D deficiency and adverse cardiovascular health outcomes, but randomized trial evidence to support vitamin D supplementation is sparse. Current public health guidelines restrict vitamin D intake recommendations to the maintenance of bone health and prevention of fractures. Two recently published large trials (VITAL and ViDA) that assessed the role of moderate- to high-dose vitamin D supplementation as primary prevention for cardiovascular outcomes in the general population had null results, and previous randomized trials have also been generally negative. These findings from general population cohorts that are largely replete in vitamin D may not be applicable to chronic kidney disease (CKD) populations, in which the use of active (1α-hydroxylated) vitamin D compounds is prevalent, or to other high-risk populations. Additionally, recent trials in the CKD population, as well as trials using vitamin D analogs, have been limited. Conclusions Current randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation do not support benefits for cardiovascular health, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Additional randomized trials assessing larger numbers of participants with low baseline vitamin D levels, having longer follow-up periods, and testing higher vitamin D dosages are needed to guide clinical practice.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Sun ◽  
Kumpei Tanisawa ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
Tomoko Ito ◽  
Satomi Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Introduction: This study aimed to clarify whether 1 year of vitamin D3 supplementation has a direct effect on body composition and physical fitness in healthy adults. Methods: Ninety-five participants randomly received either 420 IU vitamin D3 per day (n = 48) or placebo (n = 47) in a double-blind manner for 1 year. Lean body mass and percentage body fat were determined. Physical fitness including hand grip strength, leg extension power and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) concentrations were assessed using ELISA kits. Results: Serum 25(OH)D and (1,25[OH]2D) concentrations significantly increased by approximately 11.2 ± 9.2 ng/mL (pinteraction <0.001)and 7.0 ± 7.8 pg/mL (pinteraction <0.001) after 1 year of vitamin D3 supplementation respectively. Lean body mass significantly increased from 43.8 ± 9.6 to 44.3 ± 9.8 kg in vitamin D group, while no change was observed in placebo group (from 42.6 ± 8.9 to 42.4± 8.9 kg) after 1 year intervention. Furthermore, no treatment effects on other indicators of body composition and physical fitness were observed. Conclusions:One year of vitamin D supplementation effectively improves lean body mass, but not muscle strength and CRF in healthy adults.

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