scholarly journals Urimem, a membrane that can store urinary proteins simply and economically, makes the large-scale storage of clinical samples possible

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Jia ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Mingxi Li ◽  
Youhe Gao
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Biomarker Research

Biological samples from patients are invaluable for both medical research and medical practice. Ideally, the samples should be preserved for the same period of time as the duration of their corresponding medical records. Urine is a body fluid that can be non-invasively acquired, and it contains important biological information about the patient. Unlike blood which has mechanisms to keep the internal environment homeostatic, urine is more likely to reflect changes of the body. In other words, urine is likely to be a better biomarker source than blood. Here, we propose a method to adsorb urinary proteins onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane called Urimem. The method is very simple and inexpensive and requires minimal sample handling. It does not use organic solvents, and it is environmentally friendly. The proteins on the membrane are dried and stored in vacuum bag, which keeps the protein pattern faithfully preserved. The membrane may even permit storage at room temperature for weeks. The quantity of eluted proteins from the membrane is sufficient for biomarker validation experiments. Using this simple and inexpensive urinary protein preservation method, it is possible to begin preserving urine samples from all consenting patients. Thus, medical research especially biomarker research can be conducted more economically, ultimately benefiting the patients who provided the samples. This sample storage approach can facilitate the biomarker research and potentially change the landscape of medical research and medical practice.

scholarly journals Urimem, a membrane that can store urinary proteins simply and economically, makes the large-scale storage of clinical samples possible

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Jia ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Mingxi Li ◽  
Youhe Gao
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Biomarker Research

Biological samples from patients are invaluable for both medical research and medical practice. Ideally, the samples should be preserved for the same period of time as the duration of their corresponding medical records. Urine is a body fluid that can be non-invasively acquired, and it contains important biological information about the patient. Unlike blood which has mechanisms to keep the internal environment homeostatic, urine is more likely to reflect changes of the body. In other words, urine is likely to be a better biomarker source than blood. Here, we propose a method to adsorb urinary proteins onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane called Urimem. The method is very simple and inexpensive and requires minimal sample handling. It does not use organic solvents, and it is environmentally friendly. The proteins on the membrane are dried and stored in vacuum bag, which keeps the protein pattern faithfully preserved. The membrane may even permit storage at room temperature for weeks. The quantity of eluted proteins from the membrane is sufficient for biomarker validation experiments. Using this simple and inexpensive urinary protein preservation method, it is possible to begin preserving urine samples from all consenting patients. Thus, medical research especially biomarker research can be conducted more economically, ultimately benefiting the patients who provided the samples. This sample storage approach can facilitate the biomarker research and potentially change the landscape of medical research and medical practice.

scholarly journals Early changes in the urine proteome in a rat liver tumour model

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8462
Author(s):  
Yameng Zhang ◽  
Yufei Gao ◽  
Youhe Gao
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Liver Tumour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Tumour Model ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Differential Proteins ◽  
Walker 256 ◽  
Homeostatic State

Background Urine, as a potential biomarker source among body fluids, can accumulate many early changes in the body due to the lack of mechanisms to maintain a homeostatic state. This study aims to detect early changes in the urinary proteome in a rat liver tumour model. Methods The tumour model was established with the Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cell line (W256). Urinary proteins at days 3, 5, 7 and 11 were profiled by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Compared with controls, differential proteins were selected. Associations of differential proteins with cancer were retrieved. Results At days 3, 5, 7 and 11, five, fifteen, eleven and twelve differential proteins were identified, respectively. Some of the differential proteins were reported to be associated with liver cancer. This differential urinary protein pattern was different from the patterns in W256 subcutaneous, lung metastasis and intracerebral tumour models. Conclusions This study demonstrates that (1) early changes in urinary proteins can be found in the rat liver tumour model; (2) urinary proteins can be used to differentiate the same tumour cells grown in different organs.

scholarly journals Diagnostic amyloid proteomics: experience of the UK National Amyloidosis Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Canetti ◽  
Nigel B. Rendell ◽  
Janet A. Gilbertson ◽  
Nicola Botcher ◽  
Paola Nocerino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Amyloidogenic Protein ◽  
Patient Database ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
The Uk

AbstractSystemic amyloidosis is a serious disease which is caused when normal circulating proteins misfold and aggregate extracellularly as insoluble fibrillary deposits throughout the body. This commonly results in cardiac, renal and neurological damage. The tissue target, progression and outcome of the disease depends on the type of protein forming the fibril deposit, and its correct identification is central to determining therapy. Proteomics is now used routinely in our centre to type amyloid; over the past 7 years we have examined over 2000 clinical samples. Proteomics results are linked directly to our patient database using a simple algorithm to automatically highlight the most likely amyloidogenic protein. Whilst the approach has proved very successful, we have encountered a number of challenges, including poor sample recovery, limited enzymatic digestion, the presence of multiple amyloidogenic proteins and the identification of pathogenic variants. Our proteomics procedures and approaches to resolving difficult issues are outlined.

scholarly journals Water ingestion during swimming activities in a pool: A pilot study

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred P. Dufour ◽  
Otis Evans ◽  
Thomas D. Behymer ◽  
Ricardo Cantú
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cyanuric Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Swimming Pool Water

Chloroisocyanurates are commonly added to outdoor swimming pools to stabilize chlorine disinfectants. The chloroisocyanurates decompose slowly to release chlorine and cyanuric acid. Studies conducted to determine if the chloroisocyanurates might be toxic to swimmers showed that they were not and that ingested cyanuric acid passed through the body unmetabolized. This fact was used to determine the amount of water swallowed during swimming activity. Fifty-three recreational swimmers, using a community swimming pool disinfected with cyanuric acid stabilized chlorine, participated in the study. The participants did not swim on the day before or after the test swim. The swimmers were asked to actively swim for at least 45 minutes and to collect their urine for the next 24 hours. Cyanuric acid was measured in pool water using high performance liquid chromatography and porous graphitic carbon columns with UV detection. The urine sample assay required a clean-up procedure to remove urinary proteins and interfering substances. Results of the study indicate that non-adults ingest about twice as much water as adults during swimming activity. The average amount of water swallowed by non-adults and adults was 37 ml and 16 ml, respectively. The design for this study and the analytical methodology used to assay cyanuric acid in swimming pool water and human urine were effective for measuring the volume of water swallowed during swimming activity.

scholarly journals Meniscal allograft transplantation in rabbit

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2205-2216
Author(s):  
LIANA M. VILELA ◽  
RICARDO J. DEL CARLO ◽  
EDSON V. Melo FILHO ◽  
LUKIYA S.C. FAVARATO ◽  
TATIANA S. DUARTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Meniscal Allograft Transplantation ◽  
Allograft Transplantation ◽  
Meniscal Allograft ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Transplantation Technique ◽  
Partial Fixation

This study evaluated the technique for meniscal allograft transplantation using allografts preserved in glycerin 98% in rabbits. Euthanasia was performed at 70 days to compare the transplanted (TM1 to TM16) versus the contralateral meniscus (OM1 to OM16). Sixteen menisci, 8 transplanted and 8 contralateral, were submitted to gross examination, histomorphometric analysis for identification and quantification of cellular type, and for quantification and distribution of collagen fibers. A revascularization study was conducted in all of the other samples. Lengths of the OM varied from 0.9 to 1.0 cm and two TM were smaller. All TM were completely attached to the synovial membrane, except for one case that presented partial fixation. Both, TM and OM had similar amounts of chondrocytes, fibroblasts and fibrocytes, and at the horns, chondrocytes were predominant. The collagen fibers in TM were well organized throughout the body, and disorganized at the horns. These fibers in OM were organized. The amounts of collagen type I and III, and the vascularization of the perimeniscal tissue and of the edge were similar in OM and TM. These results demonstrated graft integration and thus this transplantation technique and preservation method may be recommended.

scholarly journals Enrichment of Exosome-Like Extracellular Vesicles from Plasma Suitable for Clinical Vesicular miRNA Biomarker Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon ◽  
Shin ◽  
Kim ◽  
Lee ◽  
Mankhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Biomarker Research ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Yield And Purity

Exosome-like extracellular vesicles (ELVs) contain biomolecules that have potential as diagnostic biomarkers, such as proteins, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and lipids. However, it is difficult to enrich ELVs consistently with high yield and purity from clinical samples, which hampers the development of ELV biomarkers. This is particularly true for miRNAs in protein-rich plasma. Hence, we modified ELV isolation protocols of three commercially available polymer-precipitation-based kits using proteinase K (PK) treatment to quantify ELV-associated miRNAs in human plasma. We compared the yield, purity, and characteristics of enriched plasma ELVs, and measured the relative quantity of three selected miRNAs (miR-30c, miR-126, and miR-192) in ELVs using six human plasma samples. Compared with the original protocols, we demonstrated that ELVs can be isolated with PK treatment with high purity (i.e., lack of non-exosomal proteins and homogeneous size of vesicles) and yield (i.e., abundancy of exosomal markers), which were dependent on kits. Using the kit with the highest purity and yield with PK treatment, we successfully quantified ELV miRNAs (levels of 45%–65% in total plasma) with acceptable variability. Collectively, ELV enrichment using the modified easy-to-use method appears suitable for the analysis of miRNAs, although its clinical applicability needs to be confirmed in larger clinical studies.

scholarly journals Obesity, Body Image Dissatisfaction, and Sexual Dysfunction: A Narrative Review

Sexes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-39
Author(s):  
Sean M. McNabney
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Clinical Samples

With approximately two-thirds of the United States adult population classified as overweight or obese, obesity remains a critical public health concern. Obesity not only contributes to several health complications including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, but the condition is also associated with sexual dysfunction in both women and men. Despite evidence linking obesity and its concomitant pathophysiology to sexual problems, the potential roles of psychosocial factors such as body image are understudied. This narrative review evaluates the research linkages between obesity and sexual dysfunction, with particular attention to the potential effects of body image dissatisfaction. A literature search of biomedical and psychological databases was used to identify research pertaining to obesity, sexual function, and/or body image constructs. The pathophysiological effects of obesity on sexual function are well-documented in mechanistic studies and animal trials, often with corroboration in human clinical samples. However, very few studies examine obesity, body image, and sexual function in tandem. Body image dissatisfaction appears to independently impinge upon the sexual response cycle and mental health outcomes, irrespective of body weight. While obesity is often associated with negative body image appraisal, it is unclear whether these constructs exert additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects on sexual responsivity. Additionally, overweight/obese individuals who exhibit higher levels of body image satisfaction or self-confidence appear to be protected from the deleterious effects of obesity on sexual satisfaction, at least to some extent. Greater reliance upon conceptual/theoretical models from the body image literature may better clarify the relationships between these constructs.

scholarly journals Gene Xpert a Promising Tool in Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary TB in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Jabin Akhter ◽  
MA Hassan Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Promising Tool

Introduction: Although Tuberculosis mostly affects lungs in about 85% cases, but can cause lesion almost in every part of the body. Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) accounts for 15 to 20% which involves other parts of the body beside the lungs. There are several methods that can diagnose Pulmonary TB (PTB) conclusively , but extrapulmonary TB is very difficult to diagnose till now especially in resource limited settings. Though it is not communicable but diagnostic delay has made it significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The snidy was aimed to find out the Gene Xpert as one of the diagnostic tool for EPTB. Methods: A laboratory based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted over a period of  17  months  from January 2017 to May 2018 to ascertain the performance of Gene Xpert technique as a diagnostic tool for EPTB. Data were collected through checklist and a total of 77 clinical samples were collected purposively with prior infom,ed consent from suspected EPTB patients following ethical issues. Laboratory investigations were  perfomed  at Rhodolphe Merieux Laboratory, Chittagong, Bangladesh with Gene Xpert MTB/Ri f assay, conventional culture (LJ media) and Microscopy (ZN stain) for the presence of Mycobacteium tuberculosis (MTB). Results: Among the 77 samples from suspected cases, seven(9.09%) from CSF, one(!.29%) from pus and one(l .29%) from lymphnode specimens were positive by Gene Xpert MTB/Rif assay.Only one(1.29%) CSF specimen  was found to be culture and microscopy positive which was Gene Xpert positive also. Except one specimen from pus that is both Gene Xpert and microscopy positive but culture negative, no other specimens from EPTB cases were culture and microscopy positive. Conclusion: Diagnosis of EPTB is challenging in worldwide. As it is paucibacillary, routine diagnostic test in detecting MTB is difficult. Gene X pert showed promising outcome in early detection of life threatening EPTB cases like TB meningitis which is common in developing countries. JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 26-30

scholarly journals MiR-92a-3p promote s invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting PTEN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Hu ◽  
Huiling Sun ◽  
Qiping Lu ◽  
Hongliang Mei ◽  
Rong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Gene ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background MiR-92a-3p has been reported to play a part in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading type of lethal cancer around the world. In this study, we explored the function and mechanism of miR-92a-3p in HCC. Methods Firstly, the expression of miR-92a-3p in HCC along with its relationship with PTEN was analyzed through biological information. To investigate the impact of miR-92a-3p on the migration and invasion of HCC cells, we performed scratch wound healing and transwell assays. Next, RT-qPCR, western blot and dual luciferase reporter gene assays were conducted to determine whether PTEN is targeted by miR-92a-3p, which was then verified through rescue assays. Afterwards, in vivo animal experiments were carried out to determine the function of miR-92a-3p in HCC tissues. As an established fact, PETN is an anti-oncogene with frequent mutation inactivation in human cancers. Thus, we used the database to predict the mutation of PETN and its mutation frequency. Finally, CRISPR-cas12a was applied to detect the R130Q mutation on PETN in HCC clinical samples. Results This study found that the migration and invasion of HCC could be suppressed by inhibiting miR-92a-3p, which regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC through the regulation of PETN. The bioinformatics analysis indicated higher mutation frequency of R130Q/G/L* site on the PETN gene, and greater impact of R130Q site mutation on the progression of HCC. CRISPR-cas12a detected 26 cases of R130Q mutations on PTEN in 40 HCC clinical samples Conclusion Collectively, this study revealed that miR-92a-3p promoted the invasion and migration of HCC by targeting PTEN, and that the stability of PETN also affected the development of HCC, which may enrich and deepen our knowledge on the progression of HCC.

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