scholarly journals Natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana as a vertically transmitted endophyte of Pinus radiata and its effect on above- and below-ground insect pests

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Caroline Lefort ◽  
Aimee C McKinnon ◽  
Tracey L Nelson ◽  
Travis R Glare
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

Background. The New Zealand forest industry would greatly benefit from a successful way of controlling insect pests. The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana could hold such potential and has previously been shown to be capable of endophytic colonisation of the Monterey pine Pinus radiata. Nevertheless clarifications on its mode of transmission, persistence and action in this plant are required. In this study we investigated B. bassiana transmission and persitence in P. radiata and whether this fungus is beneficial to P. radiata by testing its effect as a plant endophyte on the fitness performance of above and belowground insect feeders. Methods. Both culturing and molecular approaches were used to detect the occurrence B. bassiana in pines. Transmission electron microscopy of positive germinating seeds was also used to locate the fungus. Bioassays were conducted on root and needle feeding insects using Beauveria positive and endophyte free pine seedlings. Results. Beauveria bassiana was detected in seedlings which had not previously been exposed to the fungus, indicating a vertical mode of transmission. The fungus could colonise all parts of the pines, but did not always persist. We found that the presence of the fungus negatively affects the fitness of the below-ground insect feeding on the plant by reducing their survival by over 10% and their weight by 5%. This study also showed that the mode of action of endophytic B. bassiana in pine is likely to be by feeding deterrence of insects induced locally by fungal metabolites, rather than by direct fungal infection of the insects. Discussion. A vertically transmitted beneficial endophyte of pine could be used as a cost effective approach to control insect pest in these commercially grown trees.

scholarly journals Natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana as a vertically transmitted endophyte of Pinus radiata and its effect on above- and below-ground insect pests

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Caroline Lefort ◽  
Aimee C McKinnon ◽  
Tracey L Nelson ◽  
Travis R Glare
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

Background. The New Zealand forest industry would greatly benefit from a successful way of controlling insect pests. The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana could hold such potential and has previously been shown to be capable of endophytic colonisation of the Monterey pine Pinus radiata. Nevertheless clarifications on its mode of transmission, persistence and action in this plant are required. In this study we investigated B. bassiana transmission and persitence in P. radiata and whether this fungus is beneficial to P. radiata by testing its effect as a plant endophyte on the fitness performance of above and belowground insect feeders. Methods. Both culturing and molecular approaches were used to detect the occurrence B. bassiana in pines. Transmission electron microscopy of positive germinating seeds was also used to locate the fungus. Bioassays were conducted on root and needle feeding insects using Beauveria positive and endophyte free pine seedlings. Results. Beauveria bassiana was detected in seedlings which had not previously been exposed to the fungus, indicating a vertical mode of transmission. The fungus could colonise all parts of the pines, but did not always persist. We found that the presence of the fungus negatively affects the fitness of the below-ground insect feeding on the plant by reducing their survival by over 10% and their weight by 5%. This study also showed that the mode of action of endophytic B. bassiana in pine is likely to be by feeding deterrence of insects induced locally by fungal metabolites, rather than by direct fungal infection of the insects. Discussion. A vertically transmitted beneficial endophyte of pine could be used as a cost effective approach to control insect pest in these commercially grown trees.

scholarly journals Natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana as a vertically transmitted endophyte of Pinus radiata and its effect on above and belowground insect pests

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
M.-C. Lefort ◽  
A.C. McKinnon ◽  
T.L. Nelson ◽  
T.R. Glare
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Vertical Mode ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Control Insect

The New Zealand forest industry would greatly benefit from a successful way of controlling insect pests The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana could hold such potential It has previously been shown to be capable of endophytic colonisation of the Monterey pine Pinus radiata We investigated B bassiana transmission in P radiata and whether this fungus while acting as an endophyte was beneficial to this tree species by testing its effect on above and belowground insect feeders Beauveria bassiana was detected in P radiata seedlings which had not previously been exposed to the fungus indicating a vertical mode of transmission The presence of the fungus negatively affected the fitness of belowground insects feeding on the plant by reducing their survival by over 10 and their weight by about 5 This verticallytransmitted beneficial endophyte of pine could be used costeffectively to control insect pests in commerciallygrown P radiata plantations

scholarly journals Preservative Media for Beauveria Bassiana (bals.) Vuill Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Helben Ismat Mohammaed ◽  
Mohammed Saeed Mirza ◽  
Feyroz Ramadan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Effective Evaluation ◽  
Microbial Agent

Beauveria bassiana is an important entomopathogenic fungus that used as a biocontrol agent of insect pests. Maintaining and preserving B. bassiana cultures is essential for the effective evaluation of its potential as microbial agent against insect pest, for biodiversity studies and also for exchange of fungal material between laboratories. In the present work we evaluated the suitability of four preservation materials based on gelatin and rice to maintain the viability of B. bassiana to be used as baits for insect’s control. The gelatin amended with sugar recorded the maximum viability after 70 days of storage as 98.3% compared to 63.3% on rice media. Effective control of 80% of the ants was observed after 10 days of feeding on gelatin amended with sugar and rice bait. The results demonstrated that treatment with formulations containing conidia of B. bassiana presents insecticidal activity against ant in addition of acting as preservation materials.

scholarly journals Preservative Media for Beauveria Bassiana (bals.) Vuill Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Helben Ismat Mohammaed ◽  
Mohammed Saeed Mirza ◽  
Feyroz Ramadan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Effective Evaluation ◽  
Microbial Agent

Beauveria bassiana is an important entomopathogenic fungus that used as a biocontrol agent of insect pests. Maintaining and preserving B. bassiana cultures is essential for the effective evaluation of its potential as microbial agent against insect pest, for biodiversity studies and also for exchange of fungal material between laboratories. In the present work we evaluated the suitability of four preservation materials based on gelatin and rice to maintain the viability of B. bassiana to be used as baits for insect’s control. The gelatin amended with sugar recorded the maximum viability after 70 days of storage as 98.3% compared to 63.3% on rice media. Effective control of 80% of the ants was observed after 10 days of feeding on gelatin amended with sugar and rice bait. The results demonstrated that treatment with formulations containing conidia of B. bassiana presents insecticidal activity against ant in addition of acting as preservation materials.

scholarly journals The Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana on Diatraea centrella Larva of Sugarcane in Guyana

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basantie Sukhu ◽  
Gomathinayagam Subramanian ◽  
Abdullah Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Short Period

Sugarcane is a highly beneficial crop grown worldwide and is greatly influenced by numerous insect pests. These insect pests have adapted to the diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown thus causing a great degree of damage to the crop. These insect pests feed on different parts of the sugarcane. For instance, the early shoot borer attacks the cane before internode formation, while the internode borer feeds after internode formation, the foliar pest feeds on the leaves and some would feed on the rootstalks.Guyana has large areas of land which are free of agricultural chemicals and thus are suitable for organic farming. Organic farming is practiced in Guyana on a small scale. However, crops such as cocoa, pineapple and heart of palm have already been grown organically for export. Similarly, like organic farming, biological control of pests and diseases is also encouraged worldwide. Biological control in agriculture is a method of controlling pests such as insects, weeds and diseases by using natural enemies such as predators, parasites, herbivores, or any other natural mechanisms. In addition, like organic farming biological controls are also ecologically friendly and are very effective. Both approaches (organic farming and biological control) are significant since the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers would be eliminated, thus reducing health issues in the environment and of consumers.                This research work is on the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana on the insect pest Diatraea centrella larva of sugarcane in Guyana. The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, is a promising control agent against many insect pests [1]. Beauveria bassiana is commonly found in soils worldwide and has a host range of over 700 insect species, including insects from the orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera.  The research carried out focuses on the effect of Beauveria bassiana spores on Diatraea centrella larva and the rate at which these spores are effective, as well as the target site of infection of these spores on the larva.               The study conclusively proves that a higher number of Beauveria bassiana spores are more effective on Diatraea centrella larva in a short period of time and the dorsal, ventral and intestinal tissues of the Diatraea centrella larva are more susceptible to the spores of Beauveria bassiana. 

Differentiation of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycetes: Hypocreales) isolates by PCR-RFLP

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Sabbahi ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Abderrazzak Merzouki ◽  
Claude Guertin
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Pcr Rflp

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising biological control agent of several insect pests in agriculture. Molecular approaches (PCR, DNA sequence analysis and PCR-RFLP) were used in our research as tools for the identification of different B. bassiana isolates. Our work consisted in identifying the 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and 28S regions of B. bassiana ribosomal DNA. The DNA sequences of the amplified regions showed that the 18S rDNA is the most conserved unit, with a high homology (99.5%) between the isolates studied, while the 3’ end of the 28S rDNA has a great variability, which makes it possible to differentiate the isolates. The PCR-RFLP method was used to monitor isolates of B. bassiana and distinguish them in a target pest, Lygus lineolaris. This method involved two main steps. First, PCR was used to amplify a region of the 28S gene of B. bassiana. Second, this PCR product was digested using restriction endonucleases, and the fragments produced were compared using gel electrophoresis. Because of the high specificity and sensitivity of PCR-RFLP, it was possible to discriminate between B. bassiana isolates using spores scraped from the surface of an infected insect as samples.

scholarly journals The impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of Beauveria bassiana on species diversity and abundance of not targeted arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp paddy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
KHOIRUL IKHSANUDIN HANIF ◽  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
CHANDRA IRSAN ◽  
YULIA PUJIASTUTI ◽  
GHANNI PRABAWATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Freshwater Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predatory Arthropods

Abstract. Hanif KI, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y, Prabawati G, Hasbi, Karenina T. 2020. The impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of Beauveria bassiana on species diversity and abundance of not targeted arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp paddy. Biodiversitas 21: 2124-2136. Bioinsecticides have been shown to reduce insect pest populations, but it is necessary to monitor the effect of bioinsecticide overdoses on non-target arthropods because they are abundant in rice fields. This study aimed to analyze the impact of bioinsecticide overdoses of B. bassiana on species diversity and abundance of non-target arthropods. Bioinsecticides derived from Beauveria bassiana were sprayed on the paddy every two weeks until the ripening stage, at a dose of 1, 2, 3, 4 L.ha-1, control (without insecticide), and abamectin as prescribed. The abundance of spiders and predatory arthropods did not decrease when bioinsecticides were applied but the abundance of spiders, especially Lycosidae and Salticidae dropped significantly when abamectin was applied. The abundance of the parasitoid decreased significantly when abamectin was applied, but the abundance of parasitoids applied by bioinsecticide was not significantly different from those of control. The abundance of insect pests started to decrease when bioinsecticide was applied to 2, 3 or 4 L.ha-1. The diversity species of non-target arthropods (spiders, predatory arthropods, and parasitoids) tended to decrease when it was applied bioinsecticides 3 and 4 L.ha-1 or abamectin, but their abundance remained high and no species dominance was found. For this reason, the correct dosage for suppressing insect pests abundance by not decreasing the abundance and diversity of non-target species is 2 L.ha-1 and applied when herbivore abundance is high.

scholarly journals LABORATORY EVALUATION OF BENGKULU ISOLATES OF Beauveria bassiana AND Metarhizium anisopliae AGAINST COFFEE BERRY BORER, Hyphotenemus hampei, USING SPRAYING METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Dwinardi Apriyanto ◽  
Nadrawati .
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Coffee Berry Borer ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
June July

Laboratory Evaluation of Local Isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against Coffee Berry Borer, Hyphotenemus hampei, using spryaing method. Beauveria bassiana Bals (Vuillemin) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin are two species of fungi that have been studied widely and used as biological control of various insect pests, including coffee berry borer (CBB), Hyphotenemus hampei Ferrari. Laboratory studies were done in June – July 2017, to evaluate local isolates of both fungi species against CBB, the most destructive insect pest of coffee worldwide, including in Indonesia. B. bassiana was isolated from dead sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) and green stink bug (Nezara viridula), and from soil. M. anisopliae was isolated from soil. The pure cultures of the fungi were mass-cultured on corn based media. The conidia harvested from 4 week colonies was hand sprayed directly upon CBB adults (females) and damaged coffee berry at the concentration of 109 ml-1. In additions, the conidia of B. bassiana isolated from C. formicarius alone was diluted to 106- 109 ml-1 and applied to damaged coffee berry. The results showed that when the conidia were applied directly upon the insects, the mortality of beetle were higher in B. bassiana than in M. anisopliae treatments. Pooled data indicated that B. bassiana isolated from death insects significantly caused higher mortality than did M. anisopliae isolated from soil. Beetle mortality was 76.7 and 80.0% for B. basiana, and 60.3 and 60% for M. anysopliae treatments. Application upon damage coffee berry indicated much lower mortality. Application of higher concentration upon damaged coffee berry resulted higher mortality, but data are not consistent. The mortality of CBB larvae was much less and negligible even at the highest conidia concentration.

scholarly journals Eksplorasi, isolasi dan identifikasi Jamur entomopatogen yang menginfeksi serangga hama

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Arsi Arsi ◽  
Yulia Pujiastuti ◽  
Suparman Surya Hadi Kusuma ◽  
Bambang Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Vegetable Crops

ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi are classified as a fungus that infects insect pests. Hyphae color that comes out of the insect's body depends on the type of entomopathogenic fungus that attacks it. The purpose of this research is to explore, isolate and identify entomopathogenic fungi that attack insect pests. Samples of dead insects were taken from vegetable crops in the highlands of Pagaralam City and the lowlands of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. In addition, exploration is also carried out using insect bait methods. This method is carried out on soils taken from the highlands of the fencealam area and Pekanbaru area. Based on the results of entomopathogenic expolation in vegetable plants that infect insects in the field there are 2 types of fungi that attack the insect. Two types of entomapatogenic fungi were found to have characteristics, namely the first hyphal color is rather green which covers the entire body of the insect and the second is white hyphae. The fungus that attacks the insect, then isolated to the GYA media found two entomopathogenic fungi namely, Metarhizium sp. and Beauveria bassiana. Meanwhile, through insect bait using soil T. molitor larvae, one species of entomopathogenic fungus was found, namely Metarhizium sp. The most infected T. molitor larvae in the soil of origin of Pekanbaru in the 2nd and 4th weeks, namely, 21.90 and 29.33 tails.   . Keywords: Entomopathogenic Fungus, Insect Pest and Tenibrio molitor  

scholarly journals The Insect Pest Control Laboratory of the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme: Ten Years (2010–2020) of Research and Development, Achievements and Challenges in Support of the Sterile Insect Technique

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Marc J. B. Vreysen ◽  
Adly M. M. Abd-Alla ◽  
Kostas Bourtzis ◽  
Jeremy Bouyer ◽  
Carlos Caceres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Radiation Biology ◽  
Control Laboratory ◽  
Genetic Sexing ◽  
Insect Pest Control ◽  
Genetic Sexing Strains

The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre (formerly called Division) of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture was established in 1964 and its accompanying laboratories in 1961. One of its subprograms deals with insect pest control, and has the mandate to develop and implement the sterile insect technique (SIT) for selected key insect pests, with the goal of reducing the use of insecticides, reducing animal and crop losses, protecting the environment, facilitating international trade in agricultural commodities and improving human health. Since its inception, the Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) (formerly named Entomology Unit) has been implementing research in relation to the development of the SIT package for insect pests of crops, livestock and human health. This paper provides a review of research carried out between 2010 and 2020 at the IPCL. Research on plant pests has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains, characterizing and assessing the performance of these strains (e.g., Ceratitis capitata), elucidation of the taxonomic status of several members of the Bactrocera dorsalis and Anastrepha fraterculus complexes, the use of microbiota as probiotics, genomics, supplements to improve the performance of the reared insects, and the development of the SIT package for fruit fly species such as Bactrocera oleae and Drosophila suzukii. Research on livestock pests has focused on colony maintenance and establishment, tsetse symbionts and pathogens, sex separation, morphology, sterile male quality, radiation biology, mating behavior and transportation and release systems. Research with human disease vectors has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains (Anopheles arabiensis, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), the development of a more cost-effective larvae and adult rearing system, assessing various aspects of radiation biology, characterizing symbionts and pathogens, studying mating behavior and the development of quality control procedures, and handling and release methods. During the review period, 13 coordinated research projects (CRPs) were completed and six are still being implemented. At the end of each CRP, the results were published in a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal. The review concludes with an overview of future challenges, such as the need to adhere to a phased conditional approach for the implementation of operational SIT programs, the need to make the SIT more cost effective, to respond with demand driven research to solve the problems faced by the operational SIT programs and the use of the SIT to address a multitude of exotic species that are being introduced, due to globalization, and established in areas where they could not survive before, due to climate change.

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