Differentiation of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycetes: Hypocreales) isolates by PCR-RFLP

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Sabbahi ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Abderrazzak Merzouki ◽  
Claude Guertin
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Pcr Rflp

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising biological control agent of several insect pests in agriculture. Molecular approaches (PCR, DNA sequence analysis and PCR-RFLP) were used in our research as tools for the identification of different B. bassiana isolates. Our work consisted in identifying the 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and 28S regions of B. bassiana ribosomal DNA. The DNA sequences of the amplified regions showed that the 18S rDNA is the most conserved unit, with a high homology (99.5%) between the isolates studied, while the 3’ end of the 28S rDNA has a great variability, which makes it possible to differentiate the isolates. The PCR-RFLP method was used to monitor isolates of B. bassiana and distinguish them in a target pest, Lygus lineolaris. This method involved two main steps. First, PCR was used to amplify a region of the 28S gene of B. bassiana. Second, this PCR product was digested using restriction endonucleases, and the fragments produced were compared using gel electrophoresis. Because of the high specificity and sensitivity of PCR-RFLP, it was possible to discriminate between B. bassiana isolates using spores scraped from the surface of an infected insect as samples.

scholarly journals Compatibility of microbial control agents Serratia entomophila and Beauveria bassiana with selected fertilisers

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
R.J. Townsend ◽  
M. O'Callaghan ◽  
V.W. Johnson ◽  
T.A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Costelytra Zealandica ◽  
Direct Drilling

Microbial control agents targeting soildwelling organisms need to be compatible with commonly used fertilisers The bacterium Serratia entomophila is used as a microbial control agent for control of the New Zealand grass grub Costelytra zealandica and Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus used to control a range of insect pests These biocontrol agents were formulated into granules and applied to pots together with five fertilisers commonly used on pastures throughout New Zealand Compatibility with S entomophila was also assessed in a field trial where treatments were applied by direct drilling and surface application There appeared to be no deleterious effect from the application of the fertiliser treatments on the establishment and survival of either S entomophila or B bassiana On the contrary there was a suggestion that some nitrogenous fertilisers may lead to an increase in numbers of the bacterial biocontrol agent

scholarly journals Immune Response of Mormon Crickets That Survived Infection byBeauveria bassiana

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Srygley ◽  
Stefan T. Jaronski
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mormon Cricket ◽  
Anabrus Simplex ◽  
Dose Dependent

Beauveria bassiana(Fungi: Ascomycota) is an entomopathogenic fungus that serves as a biological control agent of Mormon cricketsAnabrus simplexHaldeman (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) and other grasshopper pests. To measure the dose-dependent response of Mormon crickets to fungal attack, we appliedB. bassianastrain GHA topically to adults using doses of 5.13 ×  to 1.75 ×  conidia in sunflower oil, with oil only as a control. After three weeks, we assessed the survivors' hemolymph for fungal cells, active phenoloxidase (PO), and lysozyme. Mortality increased and body mass of survivors decreased with conidial dose. survivors' PO activity was elevated to the same level independent of dose. Those with fungal cells visible in their hemolymph did not differ in PO activity from those with clear hemolymph. We conclude that circulating PO may be an important enzymatic defense againstBeauveriainfection and that it is associated with attempted clearing ofBeauveriablastospores and hyphae from Mormon cricket hemolymph.

Pathogenicity of an Indigenous Strain of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) (MET-GRA4 Strain) as a Potential Biological Control Agent Against the Red Palm Weevil (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ishak ◽  
L C Ng ◽  
M Haris-Hussain ◽  
J Jalinas ◽  
A B Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Lethal Time

Abstract Metarhizium anisopliae Metchnikoff (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) is a fungal pathogen that causes disease in various insect pests, and it can be exploited and developed as a biological control agent to combat the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae). The study on indigenous isolates is crucial especially for development of bioinsecticides in the future. The M. anisopliae strain called MET-GRA4 was tested for pathogenicity against adult red palm weevil and treated in vitro with different spore viabilities. The isolates exhibited pathogenicity with 100% mortality 21 d postinfection. The median lethal time (LT50) for 85% viable spores was 8.6 d, while 39% viable spores had an LT50 value of 21.37 d, with 92 and 16.6% mycosis, respectively. The species MET-GRA4 strain was molecularly characterized using ITS1 and ITS4 from pure culture (Isolate A), mass-produced spores (Isolate B), and infected red palm weevil cadavers (Isolate C). The DNA sequences obtained matched M. anisopliae sequences, with 99% similarity. This new isolate of M. anisopliae has potential as a targeted bioinsecticide for management of red palm weevil.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Clonostachys rosea, as a promising entomopathogenic fungus, against coleopteran stored product insect pests under laboratory conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram A. Mohammed ◽  
Amal S. Younus ◽  
Abdulla N. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Abstract Background Efficacy of new isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), Clonostachys rosea, against adult stage of the most serious coleopteran stored product insect pests in Iraq, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Two isolates of C. rosea, associated with the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulz.), were isolated and investigated. Efficacy of C. rosea isolates was evaluated by two concentrations (1 × 108 and 1 × 106 conidia ml−1). Results Corrected mortality rates caused by both C. rosea isolates, 6 days post-treatment, with 1 × 108 conidia ml−1, ranged from 70.7 to 75.7%. Fungal infection caused 37–53% reduction in total fecundity of the adult females of the three tested insect species, 6 days post-treatment. Conclusion Obtained results demonstrated that C. rosea isolates had potentials as a biological control agent against coleopteran stored product insect pests. However, further studies under commercial storage conditions are required.

scholarly journals Could Gnomoniopsis castaneae Be Used as a Biological Control Agent against Insect Pests?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4066
Author(s):  
Spiridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis ◽  
Aristeidis Ntoukas ◽  
George T. Tziros ◽  
Konstantinos Poulas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Gall Wasp ◽  
Pathogenic Potential

Gnomoniopsis castaneae is the cause of the chestnut brown rot but has been also regarded as an important mortality factor for the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus. The question to whether G. castaneae could serve as a natural biocontrol agent against insect pests is investigated in the present study. We used three serious insect pests as experimental model insects: Plodia interpuctella and Trogoderma granarium, which are important pests of stored products, and Myzus persicae, a cosmopolitan, serious pest of annual and perennial crop plants. Although chemical pesticides represent effective control means, they are also related to several environmental and health risks. In search for alternative pest management methods, scientific interest has been focused, inter alia, on the use of entomopathogenic fungi. While Isaria fumosorosea has long been recognized as an effective control agent against several pests, G.castaneae has been very little studied. The present study examined whether and to what extent G. castaneae and I. fumosorosea exhibit insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larvae of P. interpunctella and T. granarium and adults of M. persicae. Mortality was examined in interrelation with dosage and time exposure intervals. Both fungi exhibited pesticidal action. However, G. castaneae induced noteworthy mortality only at very high doses. In general, we concluded that G. castaneae failed to cause high insect pathogenicity at normal doses and may not be an efficient biocontrol agent compared with other entomopathogens. On the other hand, our study reiterates the pathogenic potential of I. fumosorosea. More studies are needed to further our insight into the potential of EF species as a component of IPM.

scholarly journals Existence of entomopathogen fungi, Beauveria bassiana as an endophyte in cacao seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Endang Sulistyowati ◽  
Febrilia Nur AINI
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogen

Beauveria bassiana is one of the entomopathogen fungi which is known as biological control agent of cocoa pod borer and cocoa mirids (Helopeltis spp.). Because of its effectiveness in the fields is still not consistent, so we conduct a research with the objective to know the possibility of Beauveria bassiana to be established as a endophyte. Various fungal entomopathogens have already been reported as endophytes and the various methods used to inoculate the plants with B. bassiana were partially effective. The research has been conducted in laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute by inoculating of cocoa seeds and cocoa nursery with B. bassiana suspension.  The trial was arranged  by randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement. The factor were spore concentration of B. bassiana (0; 2; and 4 g/ 10 l) and cocoa varieties (family of ICS 60, TSH858, and hybrid). The trial were use  four replications. The results showed that the fungal entomopathogen B. bassiana was established as an endophyte in cocoa seedling, both from cocoa seeds and nursery application. Percentage of existence of B. bassiana colonies as endophytes one month after seeds application were ICS 60 amounted to 93.3 % both on concentration treatments, while the families of TSH 858 by 80 % and 86.67 % respectively in 2 g and 4 g per 10 l of B. bassiana spores concentration treament.. The lowest percentage was in hybrids, which amounted to 66.67% and 50%. B. bassiana colonies was exixtence as an endophyte in culture from root, stem and leaves of cocoa seedling up to 5 months post inoculation. While the application on nursery by soil drenshing, leaf spraying, and stem injection , it was known that B. bassiana colonies were found in the tissues of leaves, stems, and roots until two months after application. Colonies of B. bassiana as endophytes still exsist until six weeks after nursery was planted in the field. 

scholarly journals Preservative Media for Beauveria Bassiana (bals.) Vuill Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Helben Ismat Mohammaed ◽  
Mohammed Saeed Mirza ◽  
Feyroz Ramadan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Effective Evaluation ◽  
Microbial Agent

Beauveria bassiana is an important entomopathogenic fungus that used as a biocontrol agent of insect pests. Maintaining and preserving B. bassiana cultures is essential for the effective evaluation of its potential as microbial agent against insect pest, for biodiversity studies and also for exchange of fungal material between laboratories. In the present work we evaluated the suitability of four preservation materials based on gelatin and rice to maintain the viability of B. bassiana to be used as baits for insect’s control. The gelatin amended with sugar recorded the maximum viability after 70 days of storage as 98.3% compared to 63.3% on rice media. Effective control of 80% of the ants was observed after 10 days of feeding on gelatin amended with sugar and rice bait. The results demonstrated that treatment with formulations containing conidia of B. bassiana presents insecticidal activity against ant in addition of acting as preservation materials.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cellulose substrates treated with Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin as a biological control agent against the termite Microcerotermes diversus Silvestri (Isoptera: Termitidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Behzad Habibpour ◽  
Amir Cheraghi ◽  
Mohammad Saeed Mossadegh
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Cellulose Substrates ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Sustainable Protection ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

This article is the first report on the promising effect of an entomopathogenic fungus, <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> (Metschnikoff) Sorokin to control populations of <em>Microcerotermes diversus </em>Silvestri. Biological control is an alternative to the long-term usage of chemical pesticides.<em> M. anisopliae</em>, the causal agent of green muscardine disease of insects, is an important fungus in biological control of insect pests. Bait systems can eliminate entire colonies of subterranean termites. Baiting reduces adverse environmental impacts caused by organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the control of termites and creates sustainable protection of buildings against their invasion. Treated-sawdust bait was applied by two methods: a) combination of treated sawdust and untreated filter paper, and b) combination of treated sawdust and untreated sawdust. When combinations of treated sawdust and untreated sawdust were used, LC50 and LC90 were 8.4&times;106 and 3.9&times;107 (spore/ml), respectively. With the use of improved bait formula and more virulent strains, we hope to achieve better control of termite colonies and enable pathogens to become a useful element in the Integrated Pest Management system.

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