scholarly journals THE ROLE OF BATTERIES IN NEAR-FUTURE ENERGETICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Mentus
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Oil Crisis

Since the first oil crisis in early 70-ties, the electrochemists strive to develop a chemical power source able to replace the liquid fossil fuels in traffic. Noticeable success was achieved in the decade 1980-1990. Thanks to a new class of materials – intercalate compounds, a new battery called lithium-ion battery was commercialized, having much higher energy density than its predecessors. In this work the origin of its high energy density is explained. The emergence of new battery supported effectively the expansion of use and the development of portable electronics - mobile phones, lap-top calculators tablets etc. Since 2010, connected to the global intentions to prevent climate changes, the batteries received the role of the energy sources of electric cars. Recently, connected to the rising use of renewable energy sources known to suffer of changeable intensity, batteries take also the role of grid energy storage, having the function to smooth the disturbances in grid voltage. All this caused huge rise in batteries usage, and poses the question about the availability of global resources of lithium, cobalt and nickel needed for battery production. The recent forecast is that these resources will be exhausted very soon in the decade 2030-2040. Thus, there is a strong need to search for new battery types, to maintain, at least partly, available lithium resources for more demanding applications. As a part of solutions having real perspective, the development of sodium-ion battery is currently in progress. In that sense, some perspective anode and cathode materials were considered.

High Energy-Density Supercapacitor, Enabled by Carbon Nanostructures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Scott Carley ◽  
Danny J. Espinoza ◽  
José Luis Reyes-Rodríguez ◽  
Ethan C. Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Storage Devices

The rapidly increasing demand for renewable energy sources has revived interest in energy storage devices due to the intermittent nature of energy generated from these sources (e.g., solar, wind). Compared to lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen fuel cells, supercapacitors exhibit superior power-density (W/kg), enabling fast charging/discharging cycles. Although supercapacitors generally promise long life-cycle and a robust thermal operating range, a relatively low energy-density (Wh/kg) still remains the greatest challenge. This research presents a relatively simple, low-cost experimental methodology to develop all solid-state, flexible, and high-performance supercapacitor devices. The interdigitated electrodes will consist of two different types of solution-processable carbon nanostructures – namely, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT). We developed models to better guide the experimental work while predicting the power-density and energy-density characteristics of supercapacitors with varying physical dimensions.

Si Nanowire Anode Prepared by Chemical Etching for High Energy Density Lithium-ion Battery

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1207-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wen LI ◽  
Ai-Jun ZHOU ◽  
Xing-Quan LIU ◽  
Jing-Ze LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Chemical Etching ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Si Nanowire

Transportation: Fuel Energies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Nuclear Fuels ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Journey Time

Transportation efficiency can be measured in terms of the energy needed to move a person or a tonne of freight over a given distance. For passengers, journey time is important, so an equally useful measure is the product of the energy used and the time taken for the journey. Transportation requires storage of energy. Rechargeable systems such as batteries have very low energy densities as compared to fossil fuels. The highest energy densities come from nuclear fuels, although, because of shielding requirements, these are not practical for most forms of transportation. Liquid hydrocarbons represent a nice compromise between high energy density and ease of use.

scholarly journals Na0.76V6O15/Activated Carbon Hybrid Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Renwei Lu ◽  
Xiaolong Ren ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Changzhen Zhan ◽  
Ding Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Artificial Graphite

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LICs) are regarded as one of the most promising next generation energy storage devices. Commercial activated carbon materials with low cost and excellent cycling stability are widely used as cathode materials for LICs, however, their low energy density remains a significant challenge for the practical applications of LICs. Herein, Na0.76V6O15 nanobelts (NaVO) were prepared and combined with commercial activated carbon YP50D to form hybrid cathode materials. Credit to the synergism of its capacitive effect and diffusion-controlled faradaic effect, NaVO/C hybrid cathode displays both superior cyclability and enhanced capacity. LICs were assembled with the as-prepared NaVO/C hybrid cathode and artificial graphite anode which was pre-lithiated. Furthermore, 10-NaVO/C//AG LIC delivers a high energy density of 118.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 220.6 W kg−1 and retains 43.7 Wh kg−1 even at a high power density of 21,793.0 W kg−1. The LIC can also maintain long-term cycling stability with capacitance retention of approximately 70% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Accordingly, hybrid cathodes composed of commercial activated carbon and a small amount of high energy battery-type materials are expected to be a candidate for low-cost advanced LICs with both high energy density and power density.

scholarly journals Designing high energy density flow batteries by tuning active-material thermodynamics

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 5432-5443
Author(s):  
Shyam K. Pahari ◽  
Tugba Ceren Gokoglan ◽  
Benjoe Rey B. Visayas ◽  
Jennifer Woehl ◽  
James A. Golen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Density Flow ◽  
The Cost

With the cost of renewable energy near parity with fossil fuels, energy storage is paramount. We report a breakthrough on a bioinspired NRFB active-material, with greatly improved solubility, and place it in a predictive theoretical framework.

scholarly journals Nitrogen-enriched graphene framework from a large-scale magnesiothermic conversion of CO2 with synergistic kinetics for high-power lithium-ion capacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Xiong Zhang ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xianzhong Sun ◽  
Yanan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Chemical Doping ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor

AbstractLithium-ion capacitors are envisaged as promising energy-storage devices to simultaneously achieve a large energy density and high-power output at quick charge and discharge rates. However, the mismatched kinetics between capacitive cathodes and faradaic anodes still hinder their practical application for high-power purposes. To tackle this problem, the electron and ion transport of both electrodes should be substantially improved by targeted structural design and controllable chemical doping. Herein, nitrogen-enriched graphene frameworks are prepared via a large-scale and ultrafast magnesiothermic combustion synthesis using CO2 and melamine as precursors, which exhibit a crosslinked porous structure, abundant functional groups and high electrical conductivity (10524 S m−1). The material essentially delivers upgraded kinetics due to enhanced ion diffusion and electron transport. Excellent capacities of 1361 mA h g−1 and 827 mA h g−1 can be achieved at current densities of 0.1 A g−1 and 3 A g−1, respectively, demonstrating its outstanding lithium storage performance at both low and high rates. Moreover, the lithium-ion capacitor based on these nitrogen-enriched graphene frameworks displays a high energy density of 151 Wh kg−1, and still retains 86 Wh kg−1 even at an ultrahigh power output of 49 kW kg−1. This study reveals an effective pathway to achieve synergistic kinetics in carbon electrode materials for achieving high-power lithium-ion capacitors.

Valuation of Surface Coatings in High-Energy Density Lithium-ion Battery Cathode Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umair Nisar ◽  
Nitin Muralidharan ◽  
Rachid Essehli ◽  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
Ilias Belharouak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Surface Coatings ◽  
High Energy Density

scholarly journals Novel Lithium-Ion Capacitor Based on a NiO-rGO Composite

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3586
Author(s):  
Qi An ◽  
Xingru Zhao ◽  
Shuangfu Suo ◽  
Yuzhu Bai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) have been widely explored for energy storage. Nevertheless, achieving good energy density, satisfactory power density, and stable cycle life is still challenging. For this study, we fabricated a novel LIC with a NiO-rGO composite as a negative material and commercial activated carbon (AC) as a positive material for energy storage. The NiO-rGO//AC system utilizes NiO nanoparticles uniformly distributed in rGO to achieve a high specific capacity (with a current density of 0.5 A g−1 and a charge capacity of 945.8 mA h g−1) and uses AC to provide a large specific surface area and adjustable pore structure, thereby achieving excellent electrochemical performance. In detail, the NiO-rGO//AC system (with a mass ratio of 1:3) can achieve a high energy density (98.15 W h kg−1), a high power density (10.94 kW kg−1), and a long cycle life (with 72.1% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles). This study outlines a new option for the manufacture of LIC devices that feature both high energy and high power densities.

Battery-on-Separator: A platform technology for arbitrary-shaped lithium ion batteries for high energy density storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 490 ◽  
pp. 229527
Author(s):  
Min Wang ◽  
Wentao Yao ◽  
Peichao Zou ◽  
Shengyu Hu ◽  
Haojie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Platform Technology
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