scholarly journals Inteligencia y derechos humanos en la sociedad digital | Intelligence and Human Rights in Digital Society

2019 ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Jesús Ignacio Martínez García
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Different Types

Resumen: Se efectúa una aproximación a los derechos humanos desde la perspectiva de la inteligencia en sus distintas facetas, especialmente desde la inteligencia artificial pero también desde la inteligencia institucional y la emocional. Aparecen como derechos inteligentes, que desarrollan la inteligencia de los individuos y hacen a las sociedades más inteligentes. Se presenta su dimensión cognitiva y su capacidada para cuestionar programas. Son instancias críticas que preservan la dignidad de los seres humanos en su compleja interacción con las máquinas inteligentes y estimulan un pensamiento no mecánico. Absrtact: This article aims to give an approach to the human rights from the point of view of intelligence in their different types, especially from artificial intelligence, but also from institutional and emotional intelligence. They appear as smart rights that develop the intelligence of the individuals and make societies more intelligent. Their cognitive dimension is shown, as well as their capacity to question programs. They are critical instances that preserve the human dignity in their complex interaction with intelligent machines and stimulate a not-mechanical thinking.

scholarly journals Developing robots: The need for an ethical framework

European View ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Leveringhaus
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Policy Level ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ethical Approaches ◽  
Robotic Technologies

This article discusses the need for an ethical framework for emerging robotic technologies. The temptation, arguably driven by sci-fi treatments of artificial intelligence, is to ask whether future robots should be considered quasi-humans. This article argues that such sci-fi scenarios have little relevance for current technological developments in robotics, nor for ethical approaches to the subject: for the foreseeable future robots will merely be useful tools. In response to emerging robotic technologies, this article proposes an ethical framework that makes a commitment to human rights, human dignity and responsibility a central priority for those developing robots. At a policy level, this entails (1) assessing whether the use of particular robots would result in human rights violations and (2) creating adequate institutions through which human individuals can be held responsible for what robots do.

scholarly journals Prisoners' right to education: A philosophical survey

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vorhaus
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Respect For Persons ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
And Training

Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares: 'Everyone has the right to education.' This implies that the right to education and training applies to all persons, including all persons in prison. This position is considered here from a philosophical point of view and it will receive some support. Yet it is not obvious that the position is correct, nor, if it is, how it is best explained. I will examine the basis for asserting a right to education on behalf of all prisoners, and consider what is required by way of its defence in the face of common objections. I illustrate how international conventions and principles express prisoners' right to education, and I look at how this right is defended by appeal to education as a means to an end and as a human right – required by respect for persons and their human dignity.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Human Dignity in the Era of Autonomous Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Paola Inverardi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethics In Science ◽  
European Group

AbstractAutonomous systems make decisions independently or on behalf of the user. This will happen more and more in the future, with the widespread use of AI technologies in the fabric of the society that impacts on the social, economic, and political sphere. Automating services and processes inevitably impacts on the users’ prerogatives and puts at danger their autonomy and privacy. From a societal point of view, it is crucial to understand which is the space of autonomy that a system can exercise without compromising laws and human rights. Following the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies 2018 recommendation, the chapter addresses the problem of preserving the value of human dignity in the context of the digital society, understood as the recognition that a person is worthy of respect in her interaction with autonomous technologies. A person must be able to exercise control on information about herself and on the decisions that autonomous systems make on her behalf.

scholarly journals Ciudadanía y humanidad. La educación en el disenso

10.14201/982 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gil Cantero
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Educational Theory ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Droits Humains ◽  
Article Analyse

RESUMEN: La nueva asignatura de educación para la ciudadanía incluye referencias amplias a los derechos humanos. Este artículo discute la relación entre la formación para ejercer la ciudadanía y la formación en derechos humanos. Este artículo plantealos aspectos positivos y negativos de la relación entre ciudadanía y derechos humanos. Se propone diferenciar la educación cívica de la educación moral; se defiende la educación en el disenso como la aportación más significativa de los derechos humanos y se sugiere la conveniencia de elaborar una teoría educativa de los derechos humanos que nos ayude a elaborar un concepto de educación más cercano a los valores de los derechos humanos. Finalmente, se defiende la necesidad de formar a los alumnos en una idea de la dignidad humana.ABSTRACT: The new subject of education for citizenship includes ample references to human rights. This article discusses the relation between education for exercising citizenship and education in human rights. This article raises the positive and negative aspects of the relation between the two. We propose to differentiate civic education from moral education; education in dissensus is defended as the most significant contribution of human rights and suggests the advisability of elaborating an educational theory of human rights that will help us to devise a concept of education closer to the values of human rights. Finally, the need to educate students in the idea of human dignity is defended.SOMMAIRE: La nouvelle matière d’enseignement, l’éducation pour la citoyenneté comprend de vastes références aux droits humains. Cet article analyse la relation entre la formation pour exercer la citoyenneté et la formation en droits humains. On y aborde les aspects positifs et négatifs de la relation entre citoyenneté et droits humains. Le but de l’article est de différencier l’éducation civique de l’éducation morale. L’éducation dans le dissentiment est posée comme la contribution la plus significative des droits humains et on suggère la convenance d’élaborer une théorie éducative des droits humains qui puisse nous aider dans l’élaboration d’un concept d’éducation plus proche aux valeurs des droits humains. Finalement, la nécessité de former aux élèves dans une idée de la dignité humaine est proposée.

scholarly journals Understanding Human Dignity

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Shared Meaning ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of human dignity has become central to political philosophy and legal discourse on human rights, but it remains enigmatic. Understanding Human Dignity is a book of original essays by a multi-disciplinary group of historians, legal academics, judges, political scientists, theologians, and philosophers, which aims to debate a broad range of current approaches to how to understand the concept. Some of the main issues considered include fundamental theoretical questions: Is there a minimum core to the meaning of human dignity? Is a person’s human dignity to be assessed subjectively from his or her point of view, or ‘objectively’? Can human dignity be understood in purely secular terms? Can there be a shared meaning of human dignity where there is religious and ideological pluralism? What ontological claims are implied by appeals to human dignity? Other questions are more directed at the implications of dignity for relations between individuals, and between individuals and the state: What are the implications of human dignity for the ways in which we should behave towards each other? What are its implications for the ways in which the state should treat those who fall under its authority? An important set of questions posed considers specifically the relationship between human dignity, human rights, and other values: Is human dignity more appropriately seen as attaching to some human rights rather than others? What is the relationship between human dignity and other values and principles connected with rights, such as autonomy, freedom, equality, social solidarity, and identity? What is the weight and status of human dignity? Does human dignity have a status superior to that of other values? Is it absolute, or can it be balanced against other values? Does human dignity essentially serve community or individual goals? Can it also serve moralistic and paternalistic goals? Is human dignity necessarily an emancipatory idea? Is it rights-supporting or rights-constraining? Also considered is how, if at all, the concept of human dignity helps us to deal with claims made in relation to several issues that are among the most divisive current political and social questions. Does dignity apply only to sentient humans, or can it apply to animals, dead humans, and human foetuses? What is the relation between the idea of dignity and what appears to be voluntary self-degradation (for example, in some instances of prostitution and pornography)? How far, if at all, can a person waive his or her human dignity? Does human dignity determine the boundaries of religious pluralism? A further set of questions considered are more institutional, or related to the relationship between disciplines: How appropriate is the use of the concept of human dignity for judicial decision-making? What is the role of courts and legal authorities in developing and elaborating the concept of human dignity? What role, if any, should human dignity play in adjudicating conflicts of human rights, philosophical and legal?

scholarly journals Derechos humanos fundamentales y gestación por subrogación en el marco de los nuevos modelos familiares = Human rights and surrogate motherhood in the frame of new forms of family

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Hilda Aguilar Grieder
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Surrogate Motherhood ◽  
Derechos Humanos

Resumen: El presente estudio analiza una temática actual de enorme repercusión social y de suma sensibilidad: la llamada gestación por subrogación. Dicha problemática, que ha suscitado una viva polémica tanto en España como en el extranjero, se puede analizar desde diferentes perspectivas. En este artículo nos limitaremos a explorar los derechos humanos fundamentales implicados en la referida institución, ya que consideramos que ello es un presupuesto indispensable para tratar los diferentes problemas que plantea la maternidad subrogada.Palabras clave: nuevos modelos familiares, maternidad subrogada, acuerdo de gestación por subrogación, establecimiento de un vínculo de filiación, madre gestante, comitentes o padres intencionales, derechos humanos fundamentales, dignidad humana, mercantilización, interés superior del menor, orden público internacional.Abstract: This study analyses one actual institution who has opened a deep debate in Spain and in other countries: the surrogate motherhood. The treatment of this problem can be done in different perspectives. In this study we only pretend to analyse the human rights involved in the surrogate motherhood, because the treatment of the different problems of this institution depends on this principal matter.Keywords: new forms of family, surrogate motherhood, surrogate arrangement, establishment of legal ties of filiation, intended parents, human rights, human dignity, commodification, interests of the child, international public policy.

scholarly journals Godność ludzka a prawa człowieka w ujęciu Roberta Spaemanna

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Józef Kożuchowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Being

The article presents Robert Spaemann’s position on two directly related issues: human dignity and human rights. While Spaemann spoke directly about human dignity on many occasions, he raised the question of human rights, rather incidentally, in several contexts, especially the question of human dignity, in order to indicate the adequate source of the ideas underlying these rights (ontological dignity), its importance in our times, and to define some ways of implementing them. These issues are discussed in the article. The considerations are devoted predominantly to the problem of human dignity as a “pra-phenomenon.” The issue of dignity in the ontic sense (especially the assertion of what it is and what kind of argumentation supports its recognition in every human being) is discussed from the point of view of contemporary debates. The author also specifies how the inviolability of dignity, in both the moral and the ontic sense, should be understood, which is a problem Spaemann did not directly address.

scholarly journals La Unión Europea como unión de valores y derechos : teoría y realidad = The European Union as a union of fundamental values and rights : theory and reality

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Antonio Bar Cendón
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Fundamental Values

La UE se fundamenta en un conjunto de valores que son enunciados en el Art. 2 del TUE de manera explícita: el respeto de la dignidad humana, la libertad, la democracia, la igualdad, el Estado de Derecho y el respeto de los derechos humanos. Valores que el mismo precepto considera que son comunes a todos los Estados miembros. Hasta ahora, la protección de estos valores fundamentales se encuentra en el mecanismo previsto en el Art. 7 del TUE. La existencia de este mecanismo no ha logrado, sin embargo, evitar la vulneración de los valores fundamentales de la UE por parte de varios de sus Estados miembros. En este sentido, este trabajo propone la formulación de un nuevo mecanismo —«mecanismo de Copenhague»— que sea capaz de hacer un seguimiento permanente de la actuación de los Estados para evitar que se produzcan esas vulneraciones, pero que sea capaz también de imponer las sanciones más graves a las vulneraciones de estos valores fundamentales, incluida la expulsión de la UE.The UE is founded on a set of values which are mentioned in an explicit manner in Art. 2 of the TEU: respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights. Values which the same article states that are common to the Member States. Until now, the protection of these fundamental values is based on the mechanism foreseen in Art. 7 of the TEU. The existence of this mechanism though has not prevented the violation of these fundamental values by several of the Member States from taking place. This is why this article proposes the establishing of a new mechanism - the «Copenhagen mechanism» - which would be able to monitor the performance of the Member States on a permanent basis in order to prevent the violations from taking place, but which would also be able to impose the most serious penalties to the most serious violations of these fundamental values, including the expulsion of the UE.

scholarly journals Los Derechos Humanos en el ejercicio profesional del contador público.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Hernández Barrena ◽  
Sergio Gabriel Ordoñez Sánchez ◽  
Judith Andrea Hernández Ortega ◽  
Salvador Sánchez Ruanova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Free Exercise ◽  
The Public ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Public Accountant

RESUMEN Sin lugar a duda los derechos humanos juegan un papel fundamental en la protección de las personas, en su dignidad. El Estado debe garantizar en todo momento su defensa y amparo. Dicha protección debe abarcar categorías de personas: mujeres, hombres, niños; genocidio, torturas, medio ambiente, paz, discriminación etc., es por esa razón que la Corte Interamericana de los Derechos Humanos afirma la existencia de ciertos atributos inviolables de la persona humana que no pueden ser menoscabados por el ejercicio del poder público. En el ámbito profesional la protección a los derechos humanos desde nuestro particular punto de vista se perfecciona con el libre ejercicio de la profesión, sin embargo, en la actualidad en los casos del contador público, cuando algún contribuyente se acerca a las oficinas de las autoridades fiscales para realizar algún trámite, no permiten el acceso a su contador para que lo aconseje o asesore, coartando la libertad del profesional para que realice el trabajo para el cual fue contratado, motivo por el cual es relevante la presente investigación que tiene como objetivo evidenciar la violación a los derechos humanos del contador público en su libre ejercicio, la cual se realizara bajo el método mixto (deductivo-inductivo) ya que se presenta el tema, de lo general a lo particular, utilizando además un instrumento tipo encuesta con la finalidad de obtener datos que coadyuvaran a obtener resultados verídicos, concluyendo que las autoridades fiscales violan los derechos humanos del contador público al no permitirle su libre ejercicio de profesión.ABSTRACT Undoubtedly human rights play a fundamental role in the protection of people, in their dignity. The State must always guarantee its defense and protection at all times. This protection must cover people categories: women, men, children; genocide, torture, environment, peace, discrimination etc., It is for this reason the Inter-American Court of Human Rights affirms the existence of certain inviolable attributes of the human person that cannot be impaired by the exercise of public power. In the professional field, the protection of human rights from our point of view is perfected by the free exercise of the profession, however, currently in the cases of the public accountant, when a taxpayer approaches the offices of the authorities prosecutors to carry out some procedure, do not allow access to your accountant for advice or advice, restricting the freedom of the professional to do the work for which he was hired, which is why this research is relevant to highlight evidence the violation to the human rights of the public accountant in his free exercise, which will be carried out under the mixed method (deductive-inductive) since the subject is presented, from the general to the particular, also using a survey instrument with the purpose to obtain data that will help obtain true results, concluding that the tax authorities violate human rights The public accountant not to allow his free exercise of profession. KEY WORDS: Human Rights; Public Accountant; Tax Authorities. 

scholarly journals Yeguas del Apocalipsis: cultura loca y neoliberalismo en el Chile de Casa Particular

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Florencia San Martín
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Performance Practices ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Documentary Video ◽  
Pedro Lemebel ◽  
Made In

En 1990, coincidiendo con el fin de la dictadura en Chile, el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes celebró el retorno de la libertad de expresión mediante una emblemática exposición titulada Museo Abierto. Sin embargo, aún en dicho espacio de libertad creativa, una obra fue censurada por su contenido travesti, lumpen y racialmente disidente. Se trataba de Casa Particular, video documental realizado en 1989 por las Yeguas del Apocalipsis (Pedro Lemebel y Francisco Casas) en colaboración con Gloria Camiruaga. Desde el punto de partida de Casa Particular, en este artículo se analizan algunas de las performances realizadas entre 1988 y 1996 por las Yeguas, colectivo que abordó las relaciones entre el sida, los derechos humanos y la disidencia sexual, racial y económica, para visibilizar, mediante sus prácticas performáticas, la continuación del orden hegemónico cultural de la dictadura en la transición neoliberal.  Palabras claves: Yeguas del Apocalipsis, neoliberalismo, sexualidades disidentes, transición   AbstractIn 1990, coinciding with the end of the dictatorship in Chile, the National Museum of Fine Arts celebrated the return of freedom of expression through an emblematic exhibition entitled “Museo Abierto” (Open Museum). However, even in this space of creative freedom, a work was censored for its transvestite, lumpen and racially dissident content. It was Casa Particular, a documentary video made in 1989 by Las Yeguas del Apocalipsis (Pedro Lemebel and Francisco Casas) in collaboration with Gloria Camiruaga. From the point of view of Casa Particular, this article analyzes some of the performances carried out between 1988 and 1996 by Las Yeguas. This group addressed the relationships between AIDS, human rights and sexual, racial and economic dissidence to make visible, through its performance practices, the continuity of the cultural hegemonic order of the dictatorship in the neoliberal transition. Keywords: Yeguas del Apocalipsis, neoliberalism, dissident sexualities, transition

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