scholarly journals Mamluks and Venetians: An Intercultural Perspective on Fourteenth-Century Material Culture in the Mediterranean

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Catherine Harding ◽  
Nancy Micklewright
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
The Mediterranean

Diachronic trends in the evolution of civilizations in the Nile valley

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Элеонора Кормышева ◽  
Eleonora Kormysheva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social History ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
The Mediterranean

The diachronic trends in socio-economic and cultural development of the societies in the Nile valley are revealed based on the materials from Giza necropolis (the 3rd millennium BC) and the settlement of Abu Erteila (1st century AD). The research made it possible to trace the typological similarities in the evolution of the studied societies in cultural and historical contexts. The main fields of the research were epigraphy, iconography, social history, and material culture. Many previously unknown monuments discovered by Russian archaeologists in Egypt and Sudan were introduced into scientific discourse. The basis was created for studying the Nile valley as a contact zone between the Mediterranean world and Africa.

Mycenaean civilization

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mycenaean civilization takes its name from the hilltop citadel of Mycenae in the Argolid, celebrated in Homer’s epics as “rich in gold” and the capital of Agamemnon. In 1876, Heinrich Schliemann, fresh from his excavations at Troy, which in his view had established the historical reality of the Greeks’ legendary siege and sack of that city, unearthed five astonishingly rich tombs at Mycenae and claimed them to contain the burials of Agamemnon and his followers, thus inaugurating the study of Greece’s Late Bronze Age (LBA) past. One and a half centuries of subsequent fieldwork have exposed the remains of hundreds of settlements and thousands of tombs characterized by the distinctive material culture termed Mycenaean that flourished for over six centuries (c. 1700–1050 bce). This lengthy duration of the mainland Greek LBA (better known as the Late Helladic [LH] or Mycenaean era) is conventionally subdivided into three major stages of development: pre-palatial or early Mycenaean (LH I–IIB; c. 1700–1425/1400 bce); palatial (LH IIIA1–LH IIIB2; c. 1425/1400–1200/1190 bce); and post-palatial (LH IIIC; c. 1200/1190–1050 bce). The regions within which Mycenaean material culture was dominant changed significantly as a function of time, as did the culture’s external contacts within the Mediterranean world and continental Europe.

Trends in the Use of Perfumes and Incense in the Near East after the Muslim Conquests

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMAR ZOHAR ◽  
EFRAIM LEV
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
New Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Level Of Importance

AbstractPerfumes have been known as utilizable but exclusive products since antiquity. Use of aromatic substances was first mentioned in archaic sources of the ancient world. The origin of such fragrant substances was mainly vegetable and animal. Throughout history, the use of subtle perfumes increased and some of the exotic materials became expensive and valuable commodities. They were the source of wealth for cultures and rulers. The contribution of the Arabs to the distribution of new crops, knowledge, industrial techniques and substances is a well-known phenomenon. In our article we intend to focus on the new perfumes that were distributed throughout the world thanks to the Arab conquests and the knowledge of their other uses, mainly medicinal, that was handed down along with the products themselves. About 20 common perfumes are known to have been used in the medieval world, though half of them were not mentioned in earlier sources.These phenomena will be dealt with and presented in a profile we built up for four perfumes: agarwood, camphor, musk and ambergris. The theoretical and practical uses of these perfumes that are presented in detail (based on various sources including traders’ documents, medical literature and practical Genizah fragments, dealing mainly with medicine) will serve as case studies for the understanding of new trends in the uses of perfumes after the Muslim conquest. Arab perfumes can be divided into three groups, according to their level of importance:A. New perfumes, mainly from the vast region named “India”; most of which (such as camphor, ambergris and sandalwood and a compound made out of them known as nadd and ghāliya) were not known in the Middle East and the Mediterranean region until the Muslim conquests.B. Perfumes that kept their popularity including: a variety of cinnamon, costus, spikenard, frankincense, saffron and rose.C. Perfumes that lost their worth like balsam and myrrh.It seems that camphor was the best and most cherished perfume that substituted balsam. Like balsam, the importance of myrrh that was imported from Arabia and East Africa also declined and it seems that its substitute was musk. Transformations in perfume fashion were in fact only part of a wider revolution of the Arabic material culture which the Middle East, the Mediterranean region and even many European countries experienced due to the Arab conquests.

scholarly journals Faber est suae quisque fortunae (к 70-летию Юрия Алексеевича Виноградова)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Горончаровский ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The author provides a description of a scientific path of one of the leading specialists in the field of ancient archaeology of the Northern Black Sea and the Mediterranean regions, chief researcher of the Institute for the History of Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences Yu. A. Vinogradov based on personal memories

Islam in the Crimea: national and religious self-identification of the Crimean Tatars

1998 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
E. E. Boytsova
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Crimean Tatar

Located at the junction of trade routes between Prichernomorje and the Mediterranean, Crimea has always been in the sphere of ethnomigratory processes. Therefore, it is natural that the elements of the Scythian, Greek, Gothic, Hun, Khazar, Kypchak and Turkomyslian cultures influenced the formation of the spiritual and material culture of the Crimean Tatar people. The variety of ethnoses that have changed continuously over the centuries has been reflected in the dialectal structure of the Crimean Tatar language that exists up to the present time.

Venice and the Knights Hospitallers of Rhodes in the Fourteenth Century

1958 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 195-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Luttrell
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church ◽  
Strong Contrast

In Gentile Bellini's painting of a Venetian festa a knight of the Order of St. John stands alone in the Piazza of San Marco. He is dressed in a black cloak adorned with the eight-pointed cross of the Hospitallers and is attended by a single page. The ecclesiastical and lay dignitaries of the Republic file solemnly past; but he has no part in the ceremony and his posture suggests an awareness that the presence of the Order was resented. For two centuries both Venice and the Hospitallers were among the foremost opponents of the Turks in the Mediterranean, but a deep antipathy existed between them. Allies by force of circumstance, their attitudes towards the infidels were in strong contrast and united action often became impossible. On the one side, were traditional elements in Venetian policy, the pre-eminence of trading interests, independence of the church and an opportunist exploitation of crusading ideals; on the other, the Hospitallers' alliance with Venice's greatest rival, Genoa.The Hospital's Priory of Venice was founded in the twelfth century and by the fourteenth included houses in many parts of Emilia and the Romagna, mostly outside Venetian territory.

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