Most Assuredly Perpetual Motion

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Perpetual Motion ◽  
Routine Service ◽  
The People ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

This paper examines the evolution of the structure and function of Quebec City's police force. Originally conceived as an instrument of British authority, it was remodelled along Utilitarian lines. Provincial and municipal authorities disputed its control; both levels of government, however, shared the same professional and disciplined model of a force detathced from the people. This ideal did not become a reality. The structure of Quebec society and the limitations of municipal power ensured that the police force was more concerned with routine 'service' functions than with social control. The conditions in the city played a larger role in shaping the force than the theories of police reformers.

scholarly journals Praktik Penyusunan Peraturan Desa (Perdes) sebagai Penguatan Desa Tangguh Bencana di Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yana Syafriyana Hijri ◽  
Wahyudi Kurniawan ◽  
Yusuf Adam Hilman
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Adaptation Ability

Abstract Disaster management (DM) gets a new dimension with the ratification of Law No. 24 (2007) on disaster management followed some related rules. DM as an thorough effort is started by disaster risk reduction, emergency, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Based on the authority, DM needs to be in a comprehensive policy level ranging from national, regional, up to the village scope as a front guard of the government, though DM is not only the responsibility of government, where the people have to also actively participate. Pujiharjo Village, Tirtoyudo District, Malang, is one of villages potentially affected by natural disasters, ranging from erosion and flooding. This village as the smallest government unit interacting with the community, has policies that are poured into village regulations (Perdes) about the disaster management with local knowledge to reduce disaster risk. Thus, the community is expected to be tougher because they can anticipate and minimize the disaster risk by breakthrough adaptation, ability to handle and keep the structure, and function certain basic in times of disasters. Even if affected by any disaster, they would quickly rebuild into normal or at least can independently recover. Desa Tangguh (Tough Village) as a national program of BNPB, can also act as the responsibility of a government against people in the disaster management.  Keyword : Disaster Management, Regulations, Village       Abstrak   Penanggulangan bencana (PB) mendapat dimensi baru dengan diterbitkannya UU No. 24 (2007) tentang penanggulangan bencana yang diikuti beberapa aturan terkait. PB sebagai upaya menyeluruh dan proaktif dimulai dari pengurangan risiko bencana, tanggap darurat, rehabilitasi, dan rekonstruksi. Berdasarkan kewenangannya, PB perlu memiliki kebijakan komprehensif mulai dari tingkat nasional, regional, hingga ruang lingkup desa sebagai ujung tombak pemerintahan, meski PB bukan hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah, di mana rakyat juga harus ikut aktif. Desa Pujiharjo, Kecamatan Tirtoyudo, Malang, adalah salah satu desa yang berpotensi terkena bencana alam, mulai dari erosi hingga banjir. Desa ini sebagai unit pemerintah terkecil yang berinteraksi dengan masyarakat, memiliki kebijakan yang dituangkan ke dalam peraturan desa (Perdes) tentang manajemen bencana dengan pengetahuan lokal untuk mengurangi risiko bencana. Dengan demikian, masyarakat diharapkan lebih tangguh karena mereka dapat mengantisipasi dan meminimalkan risiko bencana dengan melakukan terobosan adaptasi, kemampuan menangani dan menjaga struktur, dan fungsi dasar tertentu pada saat bencana. Bahkan jika terdampak bencana, mereka akan dengan cepat membangun kembali hingga normal atau setidaknya dapat pulih secara mandiri. Desa Tangguh sebagai program nasional BNPB, juga dapat berperan sebagai tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap masyarakat dalam manajemen bencana.  Kata kunci: Penanggulangan Bencana, Paraturan, Desa

scholarly journals UNGKAPAN MARAH DAN UNGKAPAN PUJIAN MASYARAKAT NIAS DI KAKI GUNUNG PADANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Faula Ismi ◽  
Ermanto Ermanto
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study  aimed to determine the structure and social function of folklore legend naming Batunabontar Batang Natal district Mandailing Natal district. The method used in this research was descriptive method. The data source of this research was the people who inhabit Batunabontar village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The instrument used in this study was the researcher himself and the informant based on the understanding of the structure and social function of the naming legend of a place. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation by observation and to strengthen the data obtained, direct interviews were carried out to the authorities in research on the Social Structure and Function of the Legend of the Naming of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The results of this study indicate that the Social Structure and Function of Naming Legend of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District has a unique history and structure and function in the village. The uniqueness of this Batunabontar makes the writer want to know the importance of the structure and function of the Batunabontar in Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency.  

scholarly journals But in the night we are all the same

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sally Hartin-Young
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
The People ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Come ◽  
The City ◽  
Gender Specific

But In the Night We Are All the Same, a critical dystopian novel, explores the creation and perpetuation of power structures, gender identity, and desire. The protagonist, Lemon, is a member of the oppressed class. She lives in a nameless city where she and her peers are kept endlessly alive by "hospital machines," a technology that cures every illness and prolongs life. The ruling group (the Those That) uses mindcontrol technologies known as noodles and stroodles to compel the oppressed class to buy the items they see advertised and to make them perform various violent, sexual and degrading acts for the Those That's amusement. Although the people of the city dislike aspects of their lives, most worship and admire the Those That as much as they fear them. Lemon's partner and love interest Astrix, once a member of the Those That, has had his memory erased and must struggle to find out his identity and to come to terms with who he is once he remembers his past. Lemon and Astrix help each other to resist and to determine their identities. Like other modern dystopian novels, this one focuses on an individual's struggle to resist the society and ends with a hopeful conclusion that shows that a better society can exist in the future. Additionally, this novel uses a female protagonist to illustrate the ways in which a person can be oppressed in both gender-specific and non-gender-specific ways. It also illustrates the power structures that lie beneath social systems, and examines how people's desires can be manipulated into a form of social control.

The Structure and Function of the Melian Dialogue

1968 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Liebeschuetz
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Form Part ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

Thucydides' account of the events at Melos in 416–15 B.C. falls into two parts, the famous dialogue in which representatives of Melos and of Athens discuss the submission of Melos, and a series of notes about the siege of the city culminating in the account of its destruction. But as I shall try to show, the two sections form part of a single whole. The discussion between the negotiators centres on two topics. In the first half of the dialogue the speakers discuss the expediency of forcing Melos into the Athenian Empire, in the second they discuss the likelihood of the Melians resisting successfully. But since the Melians are offered no alternative to becoming subjects except complete destruction, and since they are clearly not ready to choose the safe but dishonouring alternative, even though they have no chance of defending their city successfully, the inevitable destruction of Melos casts its shadow over the whole of the negotiations.Many of the arguments used in the discussion are equally relevant to the destruction and to the subjection of Melos. This is partly a result of the Athenian aim: to impress their island-subjects with their power. This they can achieve by forcing Melos to become a subject—but equally well by destroying it. On the level of expediency the Athenian argument would be equally applicable to either course, and the tactlessness of the Athenians suggests that they are not much concerned which of the two they will adopt. The Melians on the other hand appear to anticipate their own rejection of the ultimatum and to include the consequences of this inevitable rejection within the scope of their arguments. So a debate about the expediency of forcing an independent state to forgo its freedom is at the same time a debate about the expediency of destroying an independent city that refuses to become a subject.

Bentuk dan Fungsi Musik Dol pada Masyarakat Kota Bengkulu

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Kurniawan ◽  
Zelly Marissa Haque
Keyword(s):  
Community Integration ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Emotional Disclosure ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>This article discusses the form and function of Dol music in Bengkulu city society. This study uses qualitative methods, data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. </em><em>The results of this study indicate that Dol music is an important element integrated in the Tabot ritual procession in the city of Bengkulu. 3 Dol music reporters in carrying out Tabot rituals, namely tamatam, swena, and sweri. The role of Dol music in the procession is to express the musical spirit of ritua tabot namely struggle, war and sadness. The existence of Dol music performance both in the context of Tabot rituals, as well as its development outside the Tabot event contest, has important values and functions for the community namely; 1) Functioning as entertainment for the community, 2) The function of emotional disclosure, seen from the emotional overflow of players in the </em><em>“beruji Dol” 3) functions as a ratification of social institutions, in this case Dol music is an important requirement in the Tabot ceremony, 4) symbolic function, as a symbol manifested through musical aspects expressing sadness or the spirit of warfare, 5) the function of community integration, uniting the community in togetherness and being involved in the wisdom of the Tabot ceremony, and 6) the function of cultural continuity; the existence of Dol music as a form of effort to preserve and strengthen the cultural identity of the people of Bengkulu city.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords : </em></strong><em>Dol music, Tabot </em><em>Rital, Form, Function</em></p><p class="SammaryHeader" align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>Artikel ini membahas tentang bentuk dan fungsi musik Dol dalam kehidupan masyarakat kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Permasalahan dibahas melalui deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa musik Dol merupakan unsur penting yang terintegrasi dalam prosesi upacara Tabot di kota Bengkulu. Terdapat 3 reportoar musik Dol dalam pelaksanaan upacara Tabot yakni tamatam, swena, dan sweri. Adapun  peran musik Dol pada prosesi tersebut adalah mengekspresikan secara musikal </em><em>spirit</em><em> dari upacara yakni perjuangan,</em><em> perperangan </em><em>dan </em><em>kesedihan</em><em>.</em><em> Keberadaan seni pertunjukan musik Dol baik dalam konteks ritual Tabot, maupun perkembangnganya diluar kontes uapacara Tabot, memiliki nilai dan fungsi penting bagi masyarakatnya yakni; 1) Berfungsi Sebagai hiburan bagi masyarakat, 2)Fungsi pengungkapan emosional, terlihat dari peluapan emosional pemain pada prosesi “beruji Dol” 3) berfungsi sebagai pengesah lembaga sosial, dalam hal ini musik Dol merupakan syarat penting dalam upacara Tabot, 4) fungsi perlambangan, sebagai simbol yang diwujudkan melalui aspek musikal yang mengekspresikan kesedihan ataupun spirit perperangan, 5) fungsi pengintegrasian masyarakat, menyatukan masyarakat dalam kebersamaan dan terlibat dalam hikmatnya upacara Tabot, dan 6) fungsi kesenambungan budaya; eksistensi musik Dol sebagai bentuk usaha pelestarian dan penguatan idenitas budaya masyarakat kota Bengkulu.</em></p><strong><em>Kata kunci : </em></strong><em>Musik Dol, upacara Tabot, Bentuk, Fungsi</em>

scholarly journals Transitions in Urban Waterfronts: Imagining, Contesting, and Sustaining the Aquatic/Terrestrial Interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Anne Taufen ◽  
Ken Yocom
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The People ◽  
Waterfront Redevelopment ◽  
Urban Waterfront ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
And Function

Urban waterfronts represent hybrid locations of ecological, economic, and social zones of transition and dispersal, spatially reified between land and water. Yet, through advancements in technology and the emergence of globally linked economies, the structure and function of urban waterfronts as economic and industrial drivers is becoming increasingly complex. As cities seek to redevelop their waterfronts in response to these changes, recent research and scholarship has focused on understanding the ecological, social, and economic benefits derived from urban waterfronts. This research reveals that their benefits are unevenly distributed among local and regional populations as sites of accumulated inequity and inaccessibility that are generative for only a relatively small percentage of the people living in a metropolitan area. Set within this paradoxical nexus, this paper frames a call to scientists, planners, academics, and waterfront activists to expand urban waterfront research from an indicator and benefits model to incorporate three conceptual tools for better understanding key dimensions of waterfront reclamation within the context of green infrastructure research: urban hybridity, functional performance and hierarchies of access. We explore these key dimensions in relation to the waterfront redevelopment of Tacoma, Washington, USA. By acknowledging the hybridity of urban waterfronts, we illustrate that their relative performance and accessibility require ongoing empirical study and practical intervention. Our theoretical explorations plot some of the potential areas of investigation for examining the structural and functional transitions of urban waterfronts as critical locations for green infrastructure development for the 21st century.

Youth Violence and Self-Help

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Nijboer ◽  
Willem de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Police Force ◽  
City Government ◽  
Justice Department ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Public Disorder ◽  
The City

AbstractIn this article, the focus is on youth violence in neighbourhoods, including confrontations with the police. In the light of Black's theory of crime as a form of social control, we raise the question whether this kind of youth violence can be explained as a form of self-help. In the aftermath of two cases involving public disorder, we interviewed offenders, victims, bystanders and residents as well as members of the police force, the justice department and the city government about their views on the events in question as well as why they thought confrontations with the police had occurred. Based on an analysis of risk factors, we conclude that three particular conditions are necessary for youth violence: institutionalised mistrust, a neighbourhood subculture with strong elements of territoriality, and an environment that harbours a continuous threat of violence.

scholarly journals A EVOLUÇÃO E CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE TURÍSTICA NO TERRITÓRIO DE BARREIRINHAS – MA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 11073
Author(s):  
Flávio Ataide Júnior ◽  
Edenilson Dutra de Moura ◽  
Patrícia Costa Ataide
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

THE EVOLUTION AND CONSOLIDATION OF TOURISM ACTIVITY IN BARREIRINHAS TERRITORY – MALA EVOLUCIÓN Y CONSOLIDACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD TURÍSTICA EN EL TERRITORIO DE BARREIRINHAS – MARESUMOA atividade turística é marcada por um dinamismo econômico, cultural, social, político e ambiental e suas modificações decorrem do processo gerado por novos comportamentos e equipamentos existentes nos seus territórios. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo compreender o desenvolvimento do turismo em Barreirinhas (MA) ao longo do tempo, destacando os principais momentos que marcaram a consolidação da atividade no município. O procedimento metodológico adotado na pesquisa é um estudo diacrônico do espaço com uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva. Destaca-se ainda a revisão da literatura em diferentes contextos analíticos, mas, ressalta-se neste trabalho a valorização das categorias do método geográfico (processo, forma, estrutura e função), proposta por Milton Santos (1985), além de levantamentos de dados secundários nos instrumentos de planejamento turístico da esfera da administração pública municipal e também estadual, buscando explicar as modificações no território barreirinhense atreladas à estruturação e consolidação da atividade turística. Quanto aos resultados, o presente artigo provoca reflexões sobre diferentes temporalidades e modificações territoriais na área de estudo e traz questionamentos importantes sobre as melhorias da infraestrutura básica e turística geradas a partir de investimentos públicos e privados na cidade de Barreirinhas – Maranhão.Palavras-chave: Atividade turística. Dinâmicas territoriais. Barreirinhas – MA.ABSTRACTThe tourist activity is marked by economic, cultural, social, political and environmental dynamism and its modifications result from the process generated by new behaviors and equipment existing in its territories. Thus, this article aims to understand the development of tourism in Barreirinhas (MA) over time, highlighting the main moments that marked the consolidation of activity in the municipality. The methodological procedure adopted in the research is a diachronic study of space with a qualitative and descriptive approach. It is also worth mentioning the literature review in different analytical contexts, but it is worth highlighting in this work the valuation of the categories of the geographical method (process, form, structure and function) proposed by Milton Santos (1985), besides data surveys secondary in the instruments of tourist planning of the sphere of the municipal and also state public administration, trying to explain the modifications in the Barranquilla territory linked to the structuring and consolidation of the tourist activity. Regarding the results, this article provokes reflections on different temporalities and territorial modifications in the study area and brings important questions about the improvements of the basic infrastructure and tourism generated from public and private investments in the city of Barreirinhas - Maranhão.Keywords: Tourism activity. Territorial dynamics. Barreirinhas – MA.RESUMENLa actividad turística está marcada por un dinamismo económico, cultural, social, político y ambiental, y sus modificaciones resultan del proceso generado por los nuevos comportamientos y equipamiento existente en sus territorios. Así, este artículo pretende comprender el desarrollo del turismo en Barreirinhas (MA) a lo largo del tiempo, destacando los principales momentos que marcaron la consolidación de la actividad en el municipio. El procedimiento metodológico adoptado en la investigación es un estudio diacrónico del espacio con un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo. También hay una revisión de la literatura en diferentes contextos analíticos, pero se destaca en este documento la apreciación de las categorías del método geográfico (proceso, forma, estructura y función), propuesto por Milton Santos (1985), y de la recopilación de datos secundarios provenientes de los instrumentos de planificación turística de la administración pública municipal y estatal, que buscan explicar los cambios en el territorio de Barreirinhense relacionados con la estructuración y consolidación de la actividad turística. En cuanto a los resultados, el presente artículo suscita reflexiones sobre diferentes temporalidades y modificaciones territoriales en el área de estudio y plantea importantes interrogantes sobre las mejoras en la infraestructura básica y turística generada a partir de inversiones públicas y privadas en la ciudad de Barreirinhas - Maranhão.Palabras clave: Actividad turística. Dinámicas territoriales. Barreirinhas – MA.

scholarly journals Iodine availability, thyroid structure and function in residents of the city of Mirny, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
V G Selyatitskaya ◽  
M K Lel'kin ◽  
I S Gerasimova ◽  
Y V Lutov ◽  
N A Pal'chikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Calculated Ratio ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City ◽  
Serum Tsh

Iodine availability for residents of the city of Mirny, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), was estimated from urinary iodine and creatinine levels and their calculated ratio. Median of iodine/creatinine ratio in the groups of children and adults included in the study was 167.2 and 110.5 mcg/g respectively. Goiter was diagnosed by ultrasound in 0.4% of men and 4.9% of women. Diffuse and focal changes of the thyroid echographic pattern were revealed in the overwhelming majority of the examined subjects (91.7% of the adults and 66.1% of the children). The frequency of thyroid nodules was 5.0% and 20.3% in men and women respectively. Serum TSH level exceeded the respective reference values in 10.9% of the men and 18.2% of the women.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI SOSIAL CERITA RAKYAT LEGENDA ASAL USUL KAMPUNG BATUNABONTAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Atika Batubara ◽  
Nurizzati Nurizzati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study  aimed to determine the structure and social function of folklore legend naming Batunabontar Batang Natal district Mandailing Natal district. The method used in this research was descriptive method. The data source of this research was the people who inhabit Batunabontar village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The instrument used in this study was the researcher himself and the informant based on the understanding of the structure and social function of the naming legend of a place. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation by observation and to strengthen the data obtained, direct interviews were carried out to the authorities in research on the Social Structure and Function of the Legend of the Naming of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District. The results of this study indicate that the Social Structure and Function of Naming Legend of Batunabontar Village, Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal District has a unique history and structure and function in the village. The uniqueness of this Batunabontar makes the writer want to know the importance of the structure and function of the Batunabontar in Batang Natal District, Mandailing Natal Regency.  

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