scholarly journals La Constitution canadienne et la réglementation des relations économiques internationales au sortir du « Tokyo Round »

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-694
Author(s):  
Ivan Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
International Level ◽  
Tokyo Round ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Regulation ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
National Economic Policy

Following the conclusion of the recent multilateral trade negotiations under the auspices of G.A.T.T. (Tokyo Round), a number of agreements have been concluded in the field of non-tariff measures that may well give, in the future, a new impetus to the exercise of the federal power over "trade and commerce". Indeed, there appears to be a growing tendency, both at the international level and in our constitutional law, to recognize that international economic relations start and end with internal economic considerations. The importance of this development has not escaped the attention of the provinces which, in recent years, have attempted in various ways to promote their interest at the international level, while claiming, at the same time, a greater input in the formulation of the national economic policy. The object of this paper is to take a global look at this development. In conclusion, it suggests that both the federal government and the provinces should accept that international trade regulation, as a subject of national concern, is inseparable from the regulation of the internal economy, and as such should be considered as a question of mutual interest.

scholarly journals School of Management, Marketing and Commerce Studies

2014 ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
R. B. Nozdryova
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
International Level ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
International Economic Relations

Governance and regulation at the national and international level, the management system of the leading companies in the world, forms and methods of management, and marketing, commercial and advertising work form a relatively new subject field in domestic science. These issues have been introduced into the educational process in Russian universities in the second half of the 1980s. At the MGIMO these research areas have been developed for more than 60 years. Scientific School of the Department of Management and Marketing and the Department of Management Foreign Economic Activity is oriented at the international level and focuses on the development of organizational forms and methods of management, marketing strategy, marketing, and commerce in the context of foreign trade and international activities of domestic firms and organizations on the basis of a comprehensive study of advanced management experience of leading foreign countries. In the early stages of its existence, the school was focused on methodological and practical aspects of international commerce and advertising. But gradually its research encompassed the field of management and marketing, and the scientific school in the field of international management and marketing was established on the basis of examination of relevant theories and experiences of leading foreign countries, and especially multinational companies. Originally these studies were conducted by the Department International Economic Relations of the Faculty of International Economic Relations at MGIMO. The disciplines included studies of the foreign trade operations in global markets, management of foreign economic activities in foreign countries, world commodity markets, and others. The textbook "Organization and technology of foreign trade in the capitalist market" by I.N. Gerchikova, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, published in 1977 already contained sections on management and marketing, including the organizational structure of firms and their international marketing work, international advertising, etc. PhD. Professor F.G. Piskoppel, Ph.D. Professor S.P. Nikitin systematically analyzed forms and methods of market research, which are an integral part of the marketing activities of companies in global markets.

Digitalization and modernization of the National Employment Policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
V. A. Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
National Economic Policy

The presented study identifies the channels through which digital transformation affects the system of socio-economic relations, particularly relations associated with employment, and substantiates the transformations in the system of government regulation caused by digitalization.Aim. The study aims to develop proposals to improve the national economic policy in the field of employment regulation with allowance for the current and future challenges of digitalization and the experience of developed (in terms of information technology) countries.Tasks. The authors provide a brief description of the modern revolution in information technology manifested in the form of large-scale digitalization of socio-economic relations; assess the speed, focus, and problems of development of the digital sector of economy in Russia in comparison with other countries; determine the scale and channels through which digitalization affects the well-being and employment of the population; propose directions for improving the national economic policy in the field  of employment regulation with allowance for Russian peculiarities.Methods. This study uses the methods of institutional, structural, and statistical analysis with regard to digital transformation processes and in the context of the examination of changes in the socio-economic system and employment structure. The problems of the impact of digital transformations on socio-economic relations are examined using a systems approach and the methodology of comparative analysis and benchmarking — in a comparative analysis of the situation in Russia and other countries. Results. The authors believe digitalization to be a new trend that determines the direction of socioeconomic development in the medium term. In terms of the level of digitalization, Russia is significantly lagging behind developed and many developing countries, which impairs the sustainability of the national economy and national economic security. At the same time, the existing lag allows us to critically study the foreign experience of large-scale digitalization, particularly in terms of its impact on the labor market, employment, and social structure, to form an efficient national policy for regulating the digital transformation of the economy and society. The study proposes several directions aimed at early recognition and neutralization of the potential negative effects of digitalization on the Russian socio-economic system.Conclusions. It is advisable to improve the national economic policy in the field of employment regulation and related fields with allowance for the current and future challenges of digitalization and the experience of developed (in terms of information technology) countries with a focus on certain areas, such as taking into consideration the prospective requirements of the labor market for “future specialists” (creativity, humanistic orientation of thinking and actions, leadership skills, psychological stability, cognitive flexibility, etc.) when developing and updating educational standards, and paying more attention to the development of continuous education. It is also necessary to strengthen government support for self-employment and individual entrepreneurship as legal forms serving as substitutions for hired labor in the digital economy, taking into account the “forced” (in some cases) nature of such entrepreneurship, which calls for government support in both economic and social terms. Convergence of the national policy in the field of social protection and social security with business policy plays an important role, as does the prevention of digital inequality and its “fusion” with traditional property and income inequality.

The economics and politics of East-West relations

1975 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklyn D. Holzman ◽  
Robert Legvold
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Economic Relationship ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Warfare ◽  
East West ◽  
Better Than

Conceived modestly, the idea of East-West interdependence offers a convenient framework for exploring the intersection of politics with economics, of national economic goals with international economic relations, and, ultimately, of East-West efforts to increase economic cooperation with Western efforts to restructure international economic institutions. By interdependence we do not mean to imply a decisive set of arrangements, capable of impinging on the most fundamental economic and political choices of the other party. Rather, we have in mind a lesser level of mutual dependence in which both or all parties view cooperation as a useful but not a decisive means for pursuing some or all of their essential economic goals. More simply, we use the term because, better than any other, it underscores the difference between an economic relationship imposed by political confrontation, and reflected in economic warfare and autarky, and an economic relationship benefiting from the easing of political tension, evident in a common recognition of gains, political as well as economic, to be had from cooperation.

scholarly journals Internationalization of the competition law

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-220
Author(s):  
Nina Scepanovic
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
World Market ◽  
International Level ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World

In the present stage of development of international economic relations multilateral regulation of competition is becoming more and more important in order to, firstly, annul the effects of domestic rules of competition that are today considered the greatest non-tariff limitation, secondly avoid conflicts that can be caused by exterritorial implementation of national rules in this field, and, finally, define the rules of behavior in the world market. Although the first attempts to regulate this field were made pretty long ago and some activities were taken within UNCTAD, OECD and GATT, no comprehensive rules considering the issues they define and a group of countries that implement them have been adopted at the international level, so far. For the time being, numerous competition problems in relations among countries have been overcome by concluding a number of bilateral agreements and several regional arrangements.

scholarly journals Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government: Strengthening the Economy by Rethinking the Role of Federal and State Governments

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice M Rivlin
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
National Economic ◽  
American Federalism ◽  
National Economic Policy

This lecture brings together two subjects that are not often discussed together: national economic policy and the structure of American federalism. My thesis is that the policies needed to improve the health of the U.S. economy over the next decade or two require a new look at the division of responsibilities between the federal government and the states. In particular, I will argue that the states should have much clearer responsibility for most kinds of public investment, especially for improving the skills of the labor force and upgrading public infrastructure. The federal government should concentrate on a different set of missions, including interaction with the rest of the world, strengthening social insurance, and contributing to national saving by running a surplus in the unified federal budget.

scholarly journals Globalizing challenges of Ukraine’s economy: diagnosing the state of investment climate as a driving force in the context of economic tendency

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
M. Vakulich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
National Economic

Globalization, which has become one of the defining characteristics of the world economy in the 21st century, has put before member Governments issue search of new forms and methods of adaptation of national economic and political-legal environments to modern requirements of international economic relations. Rapid changes in the factors determining competitiveness on world markets, dynamic development of the global environment, forcing Governments in the formation of conditions for economic growth, actively seek to ensure national competitiveness on a global scale. The most urgent is the need for management of investment climate of Ukraine’s economy, which assure its economic development, taking into account the social and environmental interests of the society. However, the process is compounded by the lack of a clear understanding of its essence. The development of world financial crisis resulted in forming of unfavorable terms of ménage and considerable abbreviation of investment activity. Determination components which have influence on investment attractiveness has a large economic value, as it is necessary at first correctly to estimate terms which processes of investments are for, and then carry out the search of the most attractive object of investing. In the article the role of investment climate is examined in development of economy, in bringing in foreign investments. Constituents influencing on forming of investment climate are analyzed. Directions of improvement of investment climate of country are certain. The main purpose of investment policy is the development of optimal conditions for investment of own and borrowed financial and other resources that provide income increase on the invested capital for expansion of enterprise economic activity and the development of better conditions for winning the competition. Problem of achieving steady growth of the Ukrainian economy requires greater investment and innovation processes, the reorientation of current management and regulation for long-term strategic planning.. Keywords management, investment climate, constituents, factors, evaluation, attractiveness.

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