scholarly journals Vocabulaire périglaciaire bilingue

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 201-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Edmond Hamelin ◽  
Peter Clibbon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Patterned Ground ◽  
Chemical Erosion ◽  
Action Effect ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
French And English ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
English Speaking

A considerable lack of agreement exists, particularly between French and English-speaking geomorphologists, on the precise use of many periglacial terms, and up to the presenty there bas been little correlation of the periglacial terminology of these two languages. Accordingly, the authors have prepared a bilingual glossary of 900 periglacial terms in an attempt to eliminate some of this confusion. Many of the problems encountered in the preparation of this glossary result from different conceptions of the terms « periglacial » and « périglaciaire ». Periglacial studies are generally considered to involve analyses of permanently frozen ground, patterned ground and frost-shattering, whereas the term « périglaciaire »refers to the systematic study of all « cold »processes (except those associated with glacier ice) and their resultant phenomena. The term thus includes, amongst other things, gelifraction, gelifluction, geliturbation, fluvioperiglacial action, effect of sea, lake, river and ground ice, windwork in areas of cold climate, action of snow, and chemical erosion by meltwater.

scholarly journals Normative Data for a Tablet-Based Dual-Task Assessment in Healthy Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Lussier ◽  
Kathia Saillant ◽  
Tudor Vrinceanu ◽  
Carol Hudon ◽  
Louis Bherer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
French And English ◽  
Task Assessment ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to provide normative data for a tablet-based dual-task assessment in older adults without cognitive deficits. Method In total, 264 participants aged between 60 and 90 years, French and English-speaking, were asked to perform two discrimination tasks, alone and concurrently. The participants had to answer as fast as possible to one or two images appearing in the center of the tablet by pressing to the corresponding buttons. Normative data are provided for reaction time (RT), coefficient of variation, and accuracy. Analyses of variance were performed by trial types (single-pure, single-mixed, dual-mixed), and linear regressions assessed the relationship between performance and sociodemographic characteristics. Results The participants were highly educated and a large proportion of them were women (73.9%). The accuracy on the task was very high across all blocks. RT data revealed both a task-set cost and a dual-task cost between the blocks. Age was associated with slower RT and with higher coefficient of variability. Men were significantly slower on dual-mixed trials, but their coefficient of variability was lower on single-pure trials. Education was not associated with performance. Conclusions This study provides normative data for a tablet-based dual-task assessment in older adults without cognitive impairment, which was lacking. All participants completed the task with good accuracy in less than 15 minutes and thus, the task is transferable to clinical and research settings.

scholarly journals Mapping the Distribution of Buried Glacier Ice – An Example From Lago Delle Locce, Monte Rosa, Italian Alps

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Haeberli ◽  
F. Epifani
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity ◽  
Monte Rosa

Techniques for mapping the distribution of buried glacier ice are discussed and the results, from a study carried out within the framework of flood protection work in the Italian Alps, are presented. Bottom temperatures of the winter snow cover (BTS) primarily indicate the heat flow conditions in the underlying ground and mainly depend on the presence or absence of an ice layer beneath the surface. Determination of BTS values is therefore an inexpensive method for quickly mapping the near-surface underground ice in areas where there is 1 m or more of winter snow cover. At greater depths, and/or when more detail is required, geoelectrical resistivity soundings and seismic refraction soundings are most commonly used to investigate underground ice. A combination of the two sounding techniques allows the vertical extent and the main characteristics (frozen ground, dead glacier ice) to be determined in at least a semi-quantitative way. Complications mainly arise from irregularity in the horizontal extension of the studied underground ice bodies, and they may have to be overcome by expensive core drillings and borehole measurements. Widespread occurrence of buried glacier ice was observed in morainic deposits, surrounding an ice-dammed lake near Macugnaga, Italy.

Formation of patterned ground and sublimation till over Miocene glacier ice in Beacon Valley, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica

2002 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 718-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Marchant ◽  
A.R. Lewis ◽  
W.M. Phillips ◽  
E.J. Moore ◽  
R.A. Souchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patterned Ground ◽  
Victoria Land ◽  
Glacier Ice

Contrasted media frames of AI during the COVID-19 pandemic: a content analysis of US and European newspapers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Duberry ◽  
Sabrya Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
New York Times ◽  
News Article ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Frames ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
French And English ◽  
English Speaking

PurposeDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine how media define AI and how they frame this technology.Design/methodology/approachThe authors selected five media outlets and extracted all news articles that mentioned AI over a period of 30 days. The authors constituted the sample to ensure a mix of global, national and local media newspapers. The authors included Le Temps (Switzerland), Le Monde (France), The Guardian (United Kingdom), Politico Europe (Europe) and the New York Times (USA). The authors used the NexisUni database to collect the news articles. This resulted in a sample of 54 articles, which the authors then refined to 35 articles mentioning at the same AI and COVID-19. They then manually coded to identify media frames about AI.FindingsAlthough no news article provides a definition of AI, most articles highlight two main characteristics: information processing and adaptability. This paper also shows that the coverage of AI in US newspaper is more optimistic than pessimistic. European newspapers offer a more balanced perspective of the risks and benefits associated with the technology, and highlight its use mainly in the context of the COVID-19. Media framing changes according to the evolution of the pandemic. While the USA were not yet heavily affected by the virus, Europe experienced the peak of the crisis. The authors argue that the framing of AI follows that of the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited in terms of timeframe (30 days) and media outlets (5). It would be useful to extend this sample to verify the results, and also conduct interviews among journalists to understand their motivations and understanding of AI.Originality/valueDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications in society. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2020-0393

Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jon Furbish
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Patterned Ground ◽  
Fluid Behavior ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Convective Motions

Fluid behavior in many geological problems is strongly influenced by extant thermal conditions and flow of heat. Recall, for example, that the coefficient A in Glen’s law for ice (3.40) varies over three orders of magnitude with a change in temperature of 50 °C. The effect of this is to strongly modulate the rate of ice deformation for a given level of stress. Recall further that we introduced several fluid properties—fluid compressibility, for example—where we asserted that our purely mechanical developments were incomplete inasmuch as they did not treat effects of varying temperature. The reasons for this will become clear in this chapter, including why it is difficult to maintain isothermal conditions when the pressure of a fluid is changing. In addition, many geological problems involve fluid flows that are induced by effects of variations in thermal conditions over time and space. These include buoyancy-driven convective motions that arise from variations in fluid density associated with variations in temperature (Chapter 16). Specific examples include convective overturning in a magma chamber, which can significantly influence how crystallizing minerals are distributed; convective circulations of water and chemical solutions in a sedimentary basin, which can influence where rock materials are dissolved and where they are precipitated as cements within pores; and convective circulation of water within the active layer above seasonally frozen ground, which may influence where patterned ground develops in periglacial environments. These processes, and viscous flows in general, invariably involve conversions of mechanical energy to heat, or vice versa. So in considering problems involving heat energy, we should recall from introductory chemistry and physics that such conversions can involve work performed on the fluid or its surroundings, and anticipate that the effects of this ought be manifest in fluid behavior. This chapter, then, is concerned with fluid pressure, temperature, and density, and how these variables are related to heat, mechanical energy, and work. We will note in digressions how these macroscopic concepts, like fluid viscosity, often have clear interpretations at a molecular scale based on kinetic theory of matter.

The Push to Protect the Oneness of English as a Judicial Language in the Southern Cameroons Jurisdiction of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-574
Author(s):  
Eric Herman Ngwa Nfobin
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Second Look ◽  
French And English ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
English Speaking

The February 2015 crisis whether both official languages, French and English, be used in proceedings in the Anglophone jurisdiction practicing common law, was a reminder that the Cameroon concept of bilingualism still requires definition. At the simplest and most obvious level, the lawyers of the minority English-speaking jurisdiction were protesting against the introduction of a rival language, unfamiliar to their community. A second look unveils proofs of deeper malaise behind what is only the thin end of the wedge. In fact, there are conjoining components originating from misunderstandings traceable back to 1961 when the English-speaking Southern Cameroons and independent French-speaking Cameroon reunited. It is far from the dream that drove them to form a common entity. This article goes below the surface of these dissensions that amount to a veritable ‘Anglophone problem’, which if not properly understood and handled, and allowed to fester, can be the harbinger of disintegration.

John Edwards (ed.), Language in Canada. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xvi, 504.

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
Monica Heller
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
First Languages ◽  
French And English ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Language Profiles ◽  
Aboriginal Languages

This volume is meant as a companion piece to three previous volumes published by Cambridge on language in various parts of the English-speaking world (the volume on the United States, edited by Charles Ferguson and Shirley Brice Heath, appeared in 1981, followed in 1984 by one on the British Isles edited by Peter Trudgill, and in 1991 by a volume on Australia edited by Suzanne Romaine). This collection contains 26 short articles, divided into three sets. The first set attempts to provide an overview of sociolinguistic issues in Canada from historical, demographic, and policy perspectives. The second set treats aboriginal languages and the two official languages, French and English; this set includes two articles on language teaching – restricted, however, to the teaching of international languages, mainly as first languages, and to the teaching of French as a second language through immersion methods. The third set offers language profiles of each of Canada's ten provinces, as well as of its two (now three) territories. The organization of the book is meant to provide different angles on sociolinguistic issues in Canada, but unfortunately the result too often is that material is either repeated or consistently left out.

Sur la diversité des définitions de « discours traductologique(s) »

FORUM ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Márta Kóbor
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
French And English ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Personal Interests

Although most of French-speaking scholars agree to use the term ‘traductologie’ to designate the study of translation, we can observe a great diversity not only among conceptions of the scope of translation studies, but also among the definitions of the term itself. Some scholars use it as a label for their own approach, whereas others use it in a more general, and generous, sense. In some linguistic and cultural environments, like in English-speaking countries, names and definitions of translation studies present a more complicated picture. Subjective factors such as personal interests and linguistic preferences also seem to have an impact on the diversity of definitions. In order to demonstrate the resulting variability and the importance of cultural and subjective factors, our paper focuses on the definitions of a dozen of authors from French- and English-speaking countries and also from Hungary.

Improving the Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia (FM) in Europe: Identification of Factors that Aid in the Detection of FM

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
E. Serra ◽  
S. Perrot ◽  
I. Guillemin ◽  
C. Dias Barbosa ◽  
B. Arnould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Interviews ◽  
French And English ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
High Consistency

Aim:Prior to facing the challenges of FM management, an initial diagnosis must be made. To guide general practitioners (GPs) in the early detection of FM in Europe, we developed an easy-to-use screening tool specific to FM.Method:A European multidisciplinary expert group was constituted with the aim of providing clinical expertise, defining methodology, and identifying key issues around the detection of FM. Three conceptual models describing factors that may contribute to the identification of FM patients were derived from; a) a comprehensive literature review, 2) clinician focus groups (N=6), and 3) face-to-face interviews with German, French, and English-speaking patients (N=29) conducting by psychologists to explore their attitudes and perceptions of the disease. A FM screening tool was developed in all three languages and tested for comprehension and applicability in FM-diagnosed and FM-suspected patients.Results:The models derived from the literature, clinician focus groups, and FM patient interviews showed high consistency. The resulting FM screening tool is comprised of 14 questions that describe patients' pain, fatigue, associated symptoms, impact on everyday life, personal history, and attitudes towards their FM.Conclusion:Based on this qualitative study, the detection of FM is likely to require the assessment of multiple psychological factors in addition to symptoms, including patient reporting of personal history and patient behaviour. The quantitative validation of these findings is currently underway.

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