scholarly journals The Girdlestone situation: a historical essay

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
C.M. Vincenten ◽  
T. Gosens ◽  
J.C. van Susante ◽  
M.P. Somford
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Historical Essay ◽  
Pyogenic Infection ◽  
Short Biography ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. The eponymous term 'Girdlestone situation' originally referred to an excision of the femoral head in case of an acute pyogenic infection of the hip, described by Gathorne Robert Girdlestone in 1945. Over time the procedure and the indication to perform it have significantly changed. This article presents a short biography of Girdlestone with a concomitant report on investigating the evolution of the indication and technique of the Girdlestone situation from the first description up to contemporary literature.

scholarly journals Does the femoral head/neck contour in the skeletally mature change over time?

2016 ◽  
pp. hnw022
Author(s):  
Luca Gala ◽  
Vickas Khanna ◽  
Kawan S. Rakhra ◽  
Paul E. Beaulé
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Over Time

Radiographic Evaluation of Penetration by the Femoral Head into the Polyethylene Liner over Time*

1997 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1040-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTI J. SYCHTERZ ◽  
C. ANDERSON ENGH ◽  
NIREL SHAH ◽  
CHARLES A. ENGH
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Polyethylene Liner ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Over Time

An “Events” Approach to the Problem of Cabinet Stability

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC C. BROWNE ◽  
JOHN P. FRENDREIS ◽  
DENNIS W. GLEIBER
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Parliamentary Democracies ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Preliminary Model ◽  
Over Time

This article seeks to develop the argument that existing theoretical work investigating cabinet stability in parliamentary democracies is in need of reorientation. In the first part, we offer an extended critique of historical and contemporary literature, focusing heavily on contributions from coalition theory and recent empirical research on situational determinants of cabinet longevity. Arguing that the various models associated with both these research traditions are likely to be misspecified, in the second section we offer the sketch of a preliminary model of cabinet stability based upon “events” arising in the political environment of cabinet actors and capable of bringing on the termination of their governments. Unlike earlier theoretical treatments, our “events” focus suggests that a major component of a successful model of cabinet stability should be stochastic. In the final section, we seek to demonstrate the versatility and efficacy of an “events” approach to cabinet stability by providing a research agenda for further investigation of the problem. Two such projects are described: one pertaining to inductively oriented work relating “events” to the dissolution of cabinets, and the other a discussion of the consequences of an “events” approach for the deductive modelling of cabinet formation and persistance over time.

The Value of Serial Metal Ion Levels in following up Patients with Metal-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin McHugh ◽  
Rajiv Merchant ◽  
Gabrielle E. Kelly ◽  
Karen M. Bergin ◽  
Gerald F. McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Head Size ◽  
Femoral Head Size ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Serial Measurements ◽  
Over Time

Background The sensitivity of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ion-levels in detecting poorly performing metal-on-metal hip implants is low. This study proposes that serial changes in ion-levels are a more accurate marker of arthroplasties at risk. Methods Serial metal ion-levels and implant data of 285 patients with ASR resurfacing or replacement were studied. Patient and implant characteristics were analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results 111 (39%) had revision surgery. Time since index surgery (p≤0.001), acetabular inclination (p≤0.001), their interaction (p≤0.001) and femoral head size (p = 0.01) were significant variables. Head size (≤51 mm) had lower Co and Cr levels (p = 0.01). Cr/Co showed marginal decrease over time in the unrevised group and no decrease prerevision. Conclusions Repeated measurement of ion-levels were higher in the revision group suggesting that serial measurements rather than absolute values may have a role to play in predicting implant failure.

Incidence of lower limb amputation in Australian hospitals from 2000 to 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Dillon ◽  
Friedbert Kohler ◽  
Victoria Peeva
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Hospital Morbidity ◽  
Partial Foot Amputation ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Over Time

Background: Contemporary literature reports that the incidence of lower limb amputation has declined in many countries. This impression may be misleading given that many publications only describe the incidence of lower limb amputations above the ankle and fail to include lower limb amputations below the ankle. Objectives: To describe trends in the incidence of different levels of lower limb amputation in Australian hospitals over a 10-year period. Study design: Descriptive. Method: Data describing the age-standardised incidence of lower limb amputation were calculated from the Australian National Hospital Morbidity database and analysed for trends over a 10-year period. Results: The age-standardised incidence of lower limb amputation remained unchanged over time ( p = 0.786). A significant increase in the incidence of partial foot amputations ( p = 0.001) and a decline in the incidence of transfemoral ( p = 0.00) and transtibial amputations ( p = 0.00) were observed. There are now three lower limb amputations below the ankle for every lower limb amputation above the ankle. Conclusion: While the age-standardised incidence of all lower limb amputation has not changed, a shift in the proportion of lower limb amputations above the ankle and lower limb amputations below the ankle may be the result of improved management of precursor disease that makes partial foot amputation a more commonly utilised alternative to lower limb amputations above the ankle. Clinical relevance This article highlights that although the incidence of lower limb amputation has remained steady, the proportion of amputations above the ankle and below the ankle has changed dramatically over the last decade. This has implications for how we judge the success of efforts to reduce the incidence of lower limb amputation and the services required to meet the increasing proportion of persons with amputation below the ankle.

scholarly journals Accounting for family and business overlaps

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Quinn ◽  
Martin Hiebl ◽  
Romilda Mazzotta ◽  
Stefania Veltri
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Business Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Business Perspective ◽  
Circle Model ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This paper aims to draw on a family business perspective to explore the historic accounting records of an Italian liquorice juice business. The applicability of the three-circle model of family business systems to such an historic context is examined. Design/methodology/approach Using archival records, the Cassa accounting book of the business is studied. Its transactions are examined to distinguish family and business items over the period from 1875 to 1920. Findings Through an analysis of the accounting records, the family, ownership and business systems are shown to overlap more than typically expected in a contemporary setting. Originality/value Contemporary literature suggests the three-circle model of a family business is relatively static, but it has not been applied to an historic context. This study suggests that the model can be applied in historic studies, but it is not static over time with its elements needing refinement.

scholarly journals Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) Coxa Vara Adolescentium (CVA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Gharaibeh A
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis ◽  
Coxa Vara ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Excessive Body Weight ◽  
Over Time

Slipped fem oral capital epiphysis is considered to be one of the most destructive conditions of hip joint during adolescence. The epiphysolysis of the femoral head was first defined in 1572 by the French surgeon Abrois Paré (1510 - 1590). The first authentic traumati c epiphysesolysis of the femoral head was described by Brousseau in 1867. It was in a 15 - year - old boy with multiple injuries after trauma with heavy carriage. Death occurred in a few hours, and was discovered by post - mortem examination. Complete separation of epiphysis of the femur head was found. The first mention of a non - traumatic form of epiphysolysis occurred in a fourteen years old boy later. In 1881, Fiorani reported fifteen cases of distorted hip joint with impaired adduction in children. He describ ed the deformity as a bend of the proximal part of the femur, which was based on rickets. With a high probability, some individua ls were coxa vara adolescentium . The first complete description of the disease was given by E Müller (1888) in his work “ About the bending of the femoral neck in the growth age ” Coxa vara adolescentium (CVA), epiphysesolysis of femural head or slipped femoral capital epiphysis represents a serious hip disease in the pubescent age at which the femoral proximal growth plate loses it s strength and influence mechanical forces, caused mainly by excessive body weight, the non - traumatic epiphysesolysis will occur. Symptoms like pain and twisting are initially vague, but they tend to escalate over time . The incidence of this disease is 0. 1 per one million, affect male more than female 2:1,4 in the rapid growth period 10 - 16 years old. Childhood obesity is the common cause of Slipped femoral capital epiphysis, then endocrine disorders and Down syndrome. Slipped femoral capital epiphysis has three grades first up to 33 degrees of slippage, second grade from 34 - 50% of slippage and the third degree more than 50%.Slipped femoral capital epiphysis, represents a serious disease of the puberty in the pubescent age at which the femoral proximal growth plate loses its strength and influence mechanical forces, caused mainly by excessive body weight, will occu r non - traumatic epiphysesolysis . Symptoms like pain and limping are initially vague, but they tend to escalate over time .

Who’s on the Syllabus?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-629
Author(s):  
Markella Rutherford ◽  
Peggy Levitt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Curriculum ◽  
Course Syllabi ◽  
University Classrooms ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article examines changes in the teaching of modern and contemporary literature in the United States. As university students become more socioeconomically and ethnically diverse, and as universities claim to be offering a more global curriculum, what are students really learning? What kinds of non-Western modern and contemporary writers find their way into the classroom? To answer these questions, we examine how much The Norton Anthology of World Literature, The Longman Anthology of World Literature, and The Bedford Anthology of World Literature have changed over time with respect to their content and presentation. We then use a unique database of course syllabi to analyze the extent to which the non-Western authors included in these anthologies find their way more broadly into university classrooms. Getting included in anthologies, texts, and course syllabi is extremely powerful. It determines the parameters of the pedagogical canon – a shared common ground that generations of students will learn and continue to reference collectively throughout their lifetimes.

scholarly journals Severe bilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes resolved with pamidronate in combination with casts, physiotherapy and adductor tenotomy: a pictorial essay over 11 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e229919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Logan ◽  
Seemab Haider ◽  
Carmen Brauer ◽  
Paivi Maria Miettunen
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Minimal Loss ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Intravenous Pamidronate ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
Adductor Tenotomy ◽  
Over Time

We describe an 11-year prospective clinical and radiologic course of a 6-year-old boy with bilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, who was treated with intravenous pamidronate (IV-PAM). His baseline radiographs showed grade IV avascular necrosis/Catterall stage IV, and at worst he progressed to lateral pillar/Herring stage C bilaterally. His disease initially was extremely functionally limiting with expected poor outcome with eventual joint replacement. Because IV-PAM stops bone breakdown and allows for ongoing bone formation while revascularisation of bone occurs, we hypothesised that IV-PAM could act as an adjunct to traditional treatment to help heal the femoral heads. Our patient received nine once monthly doses of IV-PAM (1 mg/kg/dose) over 13 months, along with Petrie/broomstick casts and physiotherapy. Remarkably, over time, his femoral heads healed. Now, at 11-year follow-up, he has excellent functional and radiologic outcome with congruence between femoral head and acetabulum, no residual osteonecrosis and minimal loss of femoral head sphericity.

Ten years on: increased metal ion levels in a cohort of patients who underwent uncemented metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 102-B (7) ◽  
pp. 832-837
Author(s):  
Caroline Dover ◽  
Jan Herman Kuiper ◽  
Peter Craig ◽  
Phillip Shaylor
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Uncemented Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Oxford Hip Score ◽  
Hip Arthroplasties ◽  
Over Time

Aims We have previously demonstrated raised cobalt and chromium levels in patients with larger diameter femoral heads, following metal-on-polyethylene uncemented total hip arthroplasty. Further data have been collected, to see whether these associations have altered with time and to determine the long-term implications for these patients and our practice. Methods Patients from our previous study who underwent Trident-Accolade primary total hip arthroplasties using a metal-on-polyethylene bearing in 2009 were reviewed. Patients were invited to have their cobalt and chromium levels retested, and were provided an Oxford Hip Score. Serum ion levels were then compared between groups (28 mm, 36 mm, and 40 mm heads) and over time. Results Metal ion levels were repeated in 33 patients. When comparing the results of serum metal ion levels over time, regardless of head size, there was a significant increase in both cobalt and chromium levels (p < 0.001). Two patients with larger head sizes had undergone revision arthroplasty with evidence of trunnion damage at surgery. Two patients within the 40 mm subgroup had metal ion levels above the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency) threshold for detailed investigation. The increase in cobalt and chromium, when comparing the 36 mm and 40 mm groups with those of the 28 mm group, was not significant (36 mm vs 28 mm; p = 0.092/p = 0.191; 40 mm vs 28 mm; p = 0.200/p = 0.091, respectively). There was no difference, between femoral head sizes, when comparing outcome as measured by the Oxford Hip Score. Conclusion This study shows an increase in cobalt and chromium levels over time for all modular femoral head sizes in patients with metal-on-polyethylene bearings, with two patients demonstrating ion levels above the MHRA threshold for failure, and a further two patients requiring revision surgery. These results may have clinical implications regarding longer term follow-up of patients and future implant choice, particularly among younger patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7):832–837.

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