scholarly journals Identification and Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Brucella Strains Isolated from Patients in Van, Turkey by Conventional and Molecular Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Parlak ◽  
Hüseyin Güdücüoğlu ◽  
Yasemin Bayram ◽  
Aytekin Çıkman ◽  
Cenk Aypak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities

scholarly journals Isolation of Mucorales from biological environment and identification of Rhizopus among the isolates using PCRRFLP

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Madani ◽  
Mohammadali Zia
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Biological Environment

Background and aims: Mucorales are fungi belonging to the category of Zygomycetes, found much in nature. Culture-based methods for clinical samples are often negative, difficult and time-consuming and mainly identify isolates to the genus level, and sometimes only as Mucorales. Therefore, applying fast and accurate diagnosis methods such as molecular approaches seems necessary. This study aims at isolating Mucorales for determination of Rhizopus genus between the isolates using molecular methods. Methods: In this descriptive observational study, a total of 500 samples were collected from air and different surfaces and inoculated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with chloramphenicol. Then, the fungi belonging to Mucorales were identified and their pure culture was provided. DNA extraction was done using extraction kit and the chloroform method. After amplification, the samples belonging to Mucorales were identified by observing 830 bp bands. For enzymatic digestion, enzyme BmgB1 was applied for identification of Rhizopus species by formation of 593 and 235 bp segments. Results: One hundred pure colonies belonging to Mucorales were identified using molecular methods and after enzymatic digestion, 21 isolates were determined as Rhizopus species. The sequencing of PCR products and macroscopic and microscopic studies confirmed the existence of R. stolonifera, R. oryzae and R. caespitosus in the samples. Conclusion: Generally, developing a reliable method for determining Zygomycete species can be a useful tool for better understanding of the epidemiology of mucoromycosis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Ureaplasma spp. from samples in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Dumke
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Ureaplasma Spp

Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum are mollicutes species that colonize the urogenital tract of many asymptomatic persons but are also thought to be associated with symptomatic infections. Using 170 strains isolated between 2016 and 2019 in a German university hospital, resistance was tested by a combination of commercial tests, molecular methods and determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations. Rates of resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones were 0%, 4.1% and 7.1%, respectively.

scholarly journals The Calgary Biofilm Device: New Technology for Rapid Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Bacterial Biofilms

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1771-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ceri ◽  
M. E. Olson ◽  
C. Stremick ◽  
R. R. Read ◽  
D. Morck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Significant Difference

Determination of the MIC, based on the activities of antibiotics against planktonic bacteria, is the standard assay for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Adherent bacterial populations (biofilms) present with an innate lack of antibiotic susceptibility not seen in the same bacteria grown as planktonic populations. The Calgary Biofilm Device (CBD) is described as a new technology for the rapid and reproducible assay of biofilm susceptibilities to antibiotics. The CBD produces 96 equivalent biofilms for the assay of antibiotic susceptibilities by the standard 96-well technology. Biofilm formation was followed by quantitative microbiology and scanning electron microscopy. Susceptibility to a standard group of antibiotics was determined for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) reference strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, andStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. Growth curves demonstrated that biofilms of a predetermined size could be formed on the CBD at specific time points and, furthermore, that no significant difference (P > 0.1) was seen between biofilms formed on each of the 96 pegs. The antibiotic susceptibilities for planktonic populations obtained by the NCCLS method or from the CBD were similar. Minimal biofilm eradication concentrations, derived by using the CBD, demonstrated that for biofilms of the same organisms, 100 to 1,000 times the concentration of a certain antibiotic were often required for the antibiotic to be effective, while other antibiotics were found to be effective at the MICs. The CBD offers a new technology for the rational selection of antibiotics effective against microbial biofilms and for the screening of new effective antibiotic compounds.

Determination of microbial diversity of Nasa Thermal Spring with conventional and molecular methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S225-S226
Author(s):  
Serap Gedikli ◽  
Cevat Şen ◽  
Mehmet Burçin Mutlu ◽  
Ahmet Çabuk
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Thermal Spring ◽  
Molecular Methods

Presence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases Genes in E. coli Isolated from Farm Workers in the South of London

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Fadhil Abo-Ksour
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Esbl Producers ◽  
Skin Samples

Sixty - four isolates of E. coli were isolated from urine, stool, and skin samples of farm workers in south of London. Antibiotic susceptibilities were tested by using the agar dilution protocol by using amikacin, ampicillin, aztreonam, meropenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, imipenem, ofloxacin, and cefpodoxime. Determination of ESBL of E. coli isolates was performed according to CLSI by using two discs method. PCR was used to detect of CTX-M, TEM, and SHV genes and genotyped E. coli isolates which were reported as ESBL producers in both two disks and E-test methods. The results illustrated that thirty-eight isolates (n=64, 59 %) had multi drug resistance, and the resistance results recorded as the follows; imipenem (0%), meropenem (0%), ofloxacin (7%), ciprofloxacin (10%), ampicillin (89%), cefpodoxime (86%), aztreonam (82%), gentamycin (70%), ceftriaxone (31%), ceftazidime (37%), cefotaxime (62%), and amikacin (65%). Twelve of E. coli isolates (n=64, 18.7%) were phenotypically ESBL producers. eleven isolated of ESBL phenotype-positive E. coli carried bla genes (n=12, 91.7 %), blaCTX-M was found in eleven isolates (91.6 %), blaTEM in eight isolates (66.6 %), and blaSHV in one isolate (8.3 %).

General Principles of Antibiotic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa R. Letourneau ◽  
Michael S. Calderwood
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Antibiotic Agents

The essential feature of effective antibiotic agents is the ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms at concentrations tolerated by the host. Antibiotic agents generally target anatomic structures or biosynthetic pathways unique to bacteria. The appropriate choice of an antibiotic for an infection depends on the following: clinician’s level of suspicion; the infecting organism and its antibiotic susceptibilities; the type of infection; factors associated with specific antibiotic agents; host factors; and public health considerations. This review provides an overview of antibiotic therapy and covers identifying the cause of an infection, determination of bacterial susceptibility to specific drugs, site of infection and ancillary therapy, antibiotic drug targets, pharmacodynamic parameters, factors affecting dosage and route of administration, host factors, complications of antibiotic therapy, Clostridium difficile infection, and antimicrobial resistance.  This review contains 2 figures, 7 tables, and 45 references. Key words: Antimicrobial therapy, antibiotic, infection, microorganism, renal dosing, hepatic dosing, Clostridium difficile  

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