scholarly journals The combination of NO donor and ferulic acid effect on the elicitation of Triticum aestivum tolerance against Septoria tritici

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
A. P. Dmitriev ◽  
G. M. Lisova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Biotic Elicitor ◽  
Acid Effect ◽  
Yield Structure

Aim. The aim is to research the ability of enhancing ferulic acid effect as a biotic elicitor to induce tolerance of winter wheat plants against Septoria tritici Rob et Desm. leaf blotch infection by addition donor of NO signal molecule. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2 was measured in wheat leaves (cv. Oberig myronivskij and Svytanok myronivskij). The extent of disease development, morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. It is shown that combination of treatment by ferulic acid with NO donor reduced the disease symptoms on 1–2 points. The level of endogenous hydrogen peroxide increased on 27 % in cv. Svytanok myronivskij. Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that combination of ferulic acid with donor NO could be used as more effective combination than biotic elicitor. They decreased the degree of lesions in leaf area caused by Septoria tritici Rob et Desm. leaf blotch infection and stimulated the growth of wheat plants. The analyze of biochemical mechanisms revealed that system resistance of wheat plants is induced via activation of antioxidant protection. Keywords: ferulic acid, NO, biotic elicitors, induced resistance, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici Rob et Desm.

scholarly journals The influence of kojic acid and donor NO on Triticum aestivum L. under biotic stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
O. P. Dmitriev ◽  
G. M. Lysova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Signal Molecule

Aim. The usage of biotic elicitors for elicitation of defense responses may induce plant disease resistance and prevent increased environmental pollution by pesticides. Hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a signal molecule for photosynthetic status and for stomatal movements, and systemic acquired resistance to pathogens in plants proposed to be dependent on H2O2. It is shown in our previous research that biotic elicitors influence on H2O2 content in plants. Kojic acid inhibits tyrosinase activity in melanin synthesis. In plant-pathogen interaction melanin plays role for filaments growth of fungal agent. The aim of research was to analyze in field trials effect of kojic acid with additional donor NO treatment of winter wheat under biotic stress. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2 was measured in kojic acid and NO donor treated wheat plants (cv. Legenda Myronivska) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. The data obtained suggest that kojic acid and donor NO decreased the HP content in wheat leaves and increased the grain number and yield. Conclusions. Kojic acid with donor NO is effective combination and could be used as biotic elicitor. Keywords: winter wheat, kojic acid, NO, biotic elicitors, induced resistance, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici Rob.et Desm.

scholarly journals The activation of wheat resistance against powdery mildew by combination of biotic elicitor and NO donor

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
Yu. V. Shylina ◽  
A. P. Dmytriev
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Donor

Aim. The aim of research was to analyze the activation of Triticum aestivum L. non-specific resistance by the effect of ferulic acid and NO on H2O2 content against fungal pathogen from environment in field trials. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2 was measured in elicitor treated and infected wheat plants (cv. Oberig myronivskij and Svitanok myronivskij) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of disease development, morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. The data obtained suggest that different levels of endogenous hydrogen peroxide were induced in wheat leaves by treatment. The growth and yield were stimulated. The infection damage decreased. Conclusions. The role of endogenous hydrogen peroxide is crucial for wheat defense during all vegetation period. The elicitor and donor NO induced effective defense responses and resistance in winter wheat against Erysiphe graminis. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., ferulic acid, NO, induced resistance, powdery mildew.

scholarly journals Productivity of winter wheat plants under drought

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Yield Structure

Aim. The goal of research was to study the effects of soil drought on the productivity of winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of the cultivars of Zolotocolosa and Astarta were grown under optimal nutrition and moisture to the earing-flowering phase. After the beginning of it the experimental plants were transferred to drought conditions for 8 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of the vegetation. The yield structure was analyzed in mature plants. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis led to a decrease in plant height, ear size, mass and number of grains in it. At the same time, the number of grains in ears of plants decreased more significantly in the cultivar Zolotocolosa compared to the Astarta, especially in the tillers. The loss of grains mass from the ear was lower in cultivar Zolotocolosa than to the Astarta. Conclusions. Water deficit in the soil in the critical phase of ear-flowering led to a decrease in the productivity of wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth, the laying and the formation elements of the ear and grains, that depended on the specificity of the cultivar. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

scholarly journals Competencia entre aislamientos de Septoria tritici Rog. Ex. Desm., en trigos harineros (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-644
Author(s):  
Santos Gerardo Leyva Mir ◽  
Emma Zavaleta Mejía ◽  
Lucy Gilchrists Saavedra ◽  
Mireille Khairallah ◽  
Luis Antonio Mariscal Amaro
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Septoria Tritici

Para la obtención de genotipos de trigo resistentes a Septoria tritici se hacen inoculaciones con diferentes aislamientos; sin embargo, existe evidencia de competencia entre estos que sobrevalua la respuesta de resistencia de los genotipos. Para comprobar esto, el objetivo de este estudio fue probar tres genotipos de trigo con diferente nivel de resistencia a éste hongo inoculado con aislamiento, P8, P9 y B1, individuales y en mezclas. El experimento se estableció en 2006 bajo un diseño de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. Se recolectaron picnidios de la hoja bandera y de la hoja inferior para identificar, mediante RFLP's, los aislamientos que se establecieron y prevalecieron en los diferentes genotipos. Cuando P8, P9 y B1 se inocularon individualmente se recuperó al aislamiento original; cuando se inocularon mezclados no se reaisló P9, evidenciando la competencia entre aislamientos y la baja agresividad de P9. B1 tuvo la frecuencia de recuperación más alta. Con B1 y P8 se reaislaron variantes genéticas cuya presencia fue inf luenciada por el genotipo de trigo y los aislamientos con que se mezclaron. Debido a que la competencia puede reducir la agresividad y la patogenicidad de los aislamientos inoculados en mezcla, la mejor estrategia en los programas de mejoramiento de trigo para seleccionar resistencia, es la inoculación individual de aislamientos.

scholarly journals Participation of ferulic acid in elicitation of winter wheat plants resistance against Septoria tritici infection

1970 ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
O. P. Dmytriev ◽  
G. M. Lisova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Induced Defense Responses

Aim. The usage of biotic elicitors for elicitation of defense responses may induce plant disease resistance and prevent increased environmental pollution by pesticides. The aim of research was to analyze in field trials participation of ferulic acid in elicitation of winter wheat resistance against Septoria tritici blotch agent. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbatperoxidase activities were measured in elicitor-treated and inoculated by S. tritici blotch winter wheat plants (cv. Poliska 90) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of disease development, morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. The data obtained suggest that ferulic acid induced defense responses in winter wheat against S. tritici blotch agent. Initiation of defense responses in elicitor-treated plants occurred shortly. Hydrogen peroxide content was enhanced in elicitor-treated plants. Conclusions. Ferulic acid could be used as biotic elicitor. It increased the wheat grain quantity. Elicitation of biochemical nature of induced defense responses revealed increased peroxidase activities for lignin biosynthesis and mechanical strengthening of the plant cell walls. Keywords: winter wheat, biotic elicitors, induced resistance, ferulic acid, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici.

Caracterización de aislamientos argentinos del agente causal de la mancha de la hoja del trigo (Mycosphaerella graminicola) e identificación de marcadores moleculares asociados a genes de resistencia al patógeno

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nadia Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías

El trigo pan (Triticum aestivum L.) es el cultivo más extensamente sembrado y consumido como alimento en el mundo. En el año 2020, la población mundial alcanzará 7500 millones de habitantes y esto generará un aumento de la demanda de alimentos. Para incrementar el rendimiento, el mejoramiento es una herramienta fundamental junto con la adopción de nuevas tecnologías de cultivo. El mejoramiento del trigo está enfocado a la obtención de cultivares ampliamente adaptados, con resistencia a enfermedades, buena calidad panadera y altos rendimientos estables a través de un amplio rango de ambientes. Incorporar resistencia a los principales patógenos es una prioridad ya que no es posible lograr rendimientos estables sin adecuada resistencia a las principales enfermedades. Una de las principales enfermedades de origen fúngico que afectan al cultivo de trigo es la Septoriosis ó Mancha de la Hoja (Septoria tritici Roberge in Desmaz. f. asexual; Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schroeter, in Cohn f. sexual), la cual produce a nivel mundial daños que oscilan entre 31 y 54% de reducción en el rendimiento y en Argentina entre 17 y 50% dependiendo del estado fenológico en el que ocurre y del índice de infección. El conocimiento de la estructura de las poblaciones del patógeno y la localización de genes y QTL´s en germoplasma resistente a través de herramientas moleculares podría facilitar la incorporación de resistencia genética en los cultivares comerciales. La caracterización de la población de este patógeno ha sido limitada en nuestro país, y los cultivares no han sido probados con aislamientos agrupados por sus patrones moleculares. Esto es importante para conocer si algunos de los genotipos predominan dentro de unasubregión triguera en Argentina. En este sentido, se estudió la diversidad de la población de Mycosphaerella graminicola utilizando un elevado número de aislamientos de distintas localidades de la Región Triguera Argentina, subregión IV (SE de la Provincia de Buenos Aires) y II Sur (parte central de la Provincia de Buenos Aires) a través de su caracterización con marcadores moleculares

Snowbird hard white spring wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Humphreys ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith ◽  
E. Czarnecki ◽  
O. M. Lukow ◽  
B. McCallum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
End Use ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Snowbird is a hard white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that meets the end-use quality and kernel visual distinguishability specifications of the Canada Western Hard White Spring Wheat class. Snowbird was evaluated in the Central Bread Wheat Cooperative Test in 1998, 1999 and 2000, and was found to be adapted to the wheat-growing regions of the Canadian prairies. Snowbird yielded more than the check cultivars Neepawa, Roblin, AC Majestic, McKenzie, Harvest, and AC Barrie but less than McKenzie. Snowbird is resistant to the prevalent races of leaf rust and moderately resistant to stem rust, loose smut and common root rot. Snowbird and Roblin exhibited similar levels of resistance to tanspot, Septoria tritici, and Septoria nodorum while its reaction to Fusarium head blight was similar to that of AC Barrie. Snowbird has similar grain and flour protein content as other check cultivars but had 1% less protein compared to Roblin. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., Canada Western Hard White, hard white spring wheat, cultivar description, yield, disease resistance

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