scholarly journals XV IMBG all-Ukrainian Conference of Young Scientists with international participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-244
Keyword(s):  
International Participation

Rescuing the Panda from a Reforming China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Elena Songster
Keyword(s):  
State Ownership ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Active Response ◽  
International Participation ◽  
Important State

The year 1976 was monumental for China with the loss of important state leaders, and a tragic earthquake. Amidst all of the government’s active response to a panda starvation scare demonstrates the importance of this animal to China. A repeat starvation scare in the mid-1980s creates an opportunity to trace the transformation of China from Mao Zedong era to the Deng Xiaoping era by juxtaposing the two panda-starvation scares. The responses to these two scares demonstrate a shift in the perception of nature from one of state ownership to one of popular ownership and illustrate the dramatic increase in international participation in the study of the panda and the efforts to preserve this national treasure.

scholarly journals Methods for conducting international Delphi surveys to optimise global participation in core outcome set development: a case study in gastric cancer informed by a comprehensive literature review

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Alkhaffaf ◽  
Jane M. Blazeby ◽  
Aleksandra Metryka ◽  
Anne-Marie Glenny ◽  
Ademola Adeyeye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Core Outcome ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
International Participation

Abstract Background Core outcome sets (COS) should be relevant to key stakeholders and widely applicable and usable. Ideally, they are developed for international use to allow optimal data synthesis from trials. Electronic Delphi surveys are commonly used to facilitate global participation; however, this has limitations. It is common for these surveys to be conducted in a single language potentially excluding those not fluent in that tongue. The aim of this study is to summarise current approaches for optimising international participation in Delphi studies and make recommendations for future practice. Methods A comprehensive literature review of current approaches to translating Delphi surveys for COS development was undertaken. A standardised methodology adapted from international guidance derived from 12 major sets of translation guidelines in the field of outcome reporting was developed. As a case study, this was applied to a COS project for surgical trials in gastric cancer to translate a Delphi survey into 7 target languages from regions active in gastric cancer research. Results Three hundred thirty-two abstracts were screened and four studies addressing COS development in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis, vascular malformations and polypharmacy were eligible for inclusion. There was wide variation in methodological approaches to translation, including the number of forward translations, the inclusion of back translation, the employment of cognitive debriefing and how discrepancies and disagreements were handled. Important considerations were identified during the development of the gastric cancer survey including establishing translation groups, timelines, understanding financial implications, strategies to maximise recruitment and regulatory approvals. The methodological approach to translating the Delphi surveys was easily reproducible by local collaborators and resulted in an additional 637 participants to the 315 recruited to complete the source language survey. Ninety-nine per cent of patients and 97% of healthcare professionals from non-English-speaking regions used translated surveys. Conclusion Consideration of the issues described will improve planning by other COS developers and can be used to widen international participation from both patients and healthcare professionals.

Access for all: the rise of the Paralympic Games

2007 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Gold ◽  
Margaret M. Gold
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Opening Ceremony ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
International Participation ◽  
Central Arena ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Therapeutic Competition ◽  
Second World ◽  
Paralympic Games

The Paralympic, or Parallel, Games for athletes with disabilities have played a major role over the past half century in changing attitudes towards disability and accelerating the agenda for inclusion. This article charts their development from small beginnings as a competition for disabled ex-servicemen and women in England founded shortly after the Second World War to the present day ambulatory international festival of Summer and Winter Games organized in conjunction with the Olympic Games. The Paralympic Games trace their origins to the work of Dr (later Sir) Ludwig Guttmann at the National Spinal Injuries Unit at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in Buckinghamshire who used sport as an integral part of the treatment of paraplegic patients. A sports competition was held at the hospital to coincide with the Opening Ceremony of the London Games in July 1948. This became an annual event attracting the first international participation in 1952, after which it became the International Stoke Mandeville Games. From 1960 onwards attempts were made to hold every fourth Games in the Olympic host city. Despite initial success in staging the 1960 Games in Rome and the 1964 Games in Tokyo, subsequent host cities refused to host the competitions and alternative locations were found where a package of official support, finance and suitable venues could be assembled. In 1976, the scope of the Games was widened to accept other disabilities. From 1988 onwards, a process of convergence took place that saw the Paralympics brought into the central arena of the Olympics, both literally and figuratively. In the process they have embraced new sports, have encompassed a wider range of disabilities, and helped give credence to the belief that access to sport is available to all. The Paralympics also underline the change from sport as therapeutic competition to that of elite events that carry intrinsic prestige, with growing rivalry over medal tables. For the future, however, questions remain as to whether the current arrangements of separate but supposedly equal festivals assist the continuing development of the Paralympics or perpetuate difference.

The Tree of Life Today and Tomorrow in the Artworks at the Virtual Exhibition of the Same Name

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Dimitrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
International Participation ◽  
Virtual Exhibition

This article examines the interpretations of the ancient symbol the tree of life in contemporary artworks in the field of visual art, presented at the virtual exhibition “The Tree of Life Today and Tomorrow”, the exhibition was opened on the website of the project with international participation “Art Initiatives 2020”.

Legal Discourse Phenomenon as a Subject for Teaching in a Higher Education Institution: The Outcomes of the Scientific and Methodological Seminar

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yushkova ◽  
Yuliya Fedeneva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
Distant Learning ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
International Participation

The article reviews the outcomes of the Russian scientific and methodological seminar with international participation «Modern problems of teaching foreign language legal discourse» organized by the chair of Russian and foreign languages and speech culture of Ural State Law University. Scientific and methodological themes of the seminar led to a constructive discussion of legal discourse phenomenon within the framework of the complex development of the law students’ linguistic identity in modern teaching practice in higher education institutions. The participants reported on very important issues of educational technologies that need to be revised from the scientific and methodological points of view. Those issues deal with (a) development of practice-oriented skills that would allow students to take an active part in communication in their second language; (b) implementation of interactive forms of work in distant learning class; (c) difficulties in translating legal texts.

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