scholarly journals The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Nutritional Assessment

Scientifica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callum Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Igf System ◽  
Health And Disease

Over recent years there has been considerable interest in the role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in health and disease. It has long been known to be dysregulated in states of under- and overnutrition, serum IGF-I levels falling in malnourished patients and responding promptly to nutritional support. More recently, other proteins in this system have been observed to be dysregulated in both malnutrition and obesity. Currently no biochemical marker is sufficiently specific for use in screening for malnutrition, but levels may be valuable in providing information on nutritional status and in monitoring of nutritional support. All have limitations as nutritional markers in that their serum levels are influenced by factors other than nutritional status, most importantly the acute phase response (APR). Levels should be interpreted along with clinical findings and the results of other investigations such as C-reactive protein (CRP). This paper reviews data supporting the use of proteins of the IGF system as nutritional markers.

Do insulin-like growth factor associated proteins qualify as a tumor marker?

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Christiane Matuschek ◽  
Matthias Peiper ◽  
Wilfried Budach ◽  
Peter Arne Gerber ◽  
Hans Bojar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Igf System

18 Background: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, -2 and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) are involved in the proliferation and differentiation of cells. It has never been evaluated if the IGF-system can serve as a tumor marker in neoplasms. Methods: In our prospective study, 163 patients with colorectal cancer (22), prostate cancer (21), glioblastoma (12), head and neck tumors (17), lymphomas (20), lung cancer (34), and other entities (37) were analysed for their IGF and IGFBP serum levels at the beginning and the end of radiotherapy and compared with 13 healthy people. Subgroups of patients with local tumor disease versus metastatic disease, primary and recurrent therapy and curative versus palliative therapy were compared. Results: The serum levels of IGF-2 were significantly elevated in patients with prostate and colorectal cancer. However, sensitivity and specificity were only 70%. IGFBP-2 serum levels were elevated in patients with head and neck tumors. Again, sensitivity and specificity were only 73%. A difference between local disease and metastatic disease could not be found. A difference between IGF serum levels before and after radiotherapy could not be detected. Conclusions: The IGF-system cannot serve as a new tumor marker. The detected differences are very small and sensitivity and specificity are too low. IGF measurement is not useful for the evaluation of the success of radiotherapy in malignancies.

scholarly journals SAT-046 Insulin-Like Growth Factor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Men with Klinefelter Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Chang ◽  
Rikke Hjortebjerg ◽  
Anders Bojesen ◽  
Mette Bjerre ◽  
Claus Hojbjerg Gravholt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Igf System

Abstract Background: Men with 47, XXY Klinefelter syndrome (KS) commonly present with obesity, metabolic disorders, and insulin insensitivity. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has pleiotropic effects including regulation of glucose metabolism. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is associated with weight loss and favourable metabolic changes, but patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes might be resistant to this effect despite presenting with increased levels. Aim: To describe levels of components in the IGF system and FGF21 among men with KS, either treated or not treated with testosterone supplementation therapy (TT), in comparison with control males. Methods: A total of 66 men with KS were included, 33 without current TT and 33 with current TT. A control group of 70 healthy age-matched males were included. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), FGF21, and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) were compared between the three groups applying the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Levels of (IGF-1 µg/L) were not different between the groups (median (25-75 %), untreated KS 162 (140-201.5), treated KS 165 (128.5-215), controls 176.5 (150.8-214.5), p=0.5). Similarly, FGF21 levels (ng/L) were comparable between the groups (median (25-75 %), untreated KS 84.7 (53.3-217.6), treated KS 97.2 (56.4-224.8), controls 100.3 (66.0-191.0), p=0.9). Levels of IGFBP3, PAPP-A and FAP were also found to be comparable between the groups (p≥0.2). Conclusion: This was the first study investigating FGF21 in men with KS. Our results indicate that regulation of the IGF-1 system and levels of FGF21 are not altered in men with KS compared with age-matched controls, and that TT in men with KS does not affect these systems.

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and clinical nutrition

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callum Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Nutritional Regulation ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
Nutritional Marker

IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-I) is a peptide hormone, produced predominantly by the liver in response to pituitary GH (growth hormone), which is involved in a wide variety of physiological processes. It acts in an endocrine, paracrine and autocrine manner to promote growth. The production of IGF-I signals the availability of nutrients needed for its anabolic actions. Recently, there has been growing interest in its role in health and disease. IGF-I has long been known to be regulated by nutrition and dysregulated in states of under- and over-nutrition, its serum concentrations falling in malnutrition and responding promptly to refeeding. This has led to interest in its utility as a nutritional biomarker. A considerable evidence base supports utility for measurement of IGF-I in nutritional contexts. Its concentration may be valuable in providing information on nutritional status, prognosis and in monitoring nutritional support. However, it is insufficiently specific for use as a screening test for under nutrition as its serum concentration is influenced by many factors other than nutritional status, notably the APR (acute-phase response) and endocrine conditions. Concentrations should be interpreted along with clinical findings and the results of other investigations such as CRP (C-reactive protein). More recently, there has been interest in free IGF-I which holds promise as a nutritional marker. The present review covers nutritional regulation of IGF-I and its dysregulation in disease, then goes on to review recent studies supporting its utility as a nutritional marker in clinical contexts. Although not currently recommended by clinical guidelines, it is likely that, in time, measurement of IGF-I will become a routine part of nutritional assessment in a number of these contexts.

C-reactive protein and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-system in relation to risk of cardiovascular disease in different ethnic groups

2003 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian H Heald ◽  
Simon G Anderson ◽  
Fiona Ivison ◽  
Ian Laing ◽  
J.Martin Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Igf System

scholarly journals Nutritional status of preschool Senegalese children: long-term effects of early severe malnutrition

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Idohou-Dossou ◽  
Salimata Wade ◽  
Amadou T. Guiro ◽  
Cheikh S. Sarr ◽  
Babou Diaham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Igfbp 3

The prevalence of malnutrition remains high in many developing countries. However, data relating to the long-term effects of severe malnutrition, specifically, serum levels of biochemical indicators of nutritional status, are still scarce in the literature. Hence the present study aimed to investigate the nutritional, biological and growth status of Senegalese preschool children previously hospitalised for severe malnutrition. The study involved twenty-four 7-year-old children who had suffered from marasmus 5 years earlier, twenty-four siblings living in the same household, and nineteen age-matched children living in the centre of Dakar. The siblings were of similar age to the post-marasmic children. Anthropometry, serum biochemical indicators of nutritional status, growth factors, and haematological and mineral parameters were measured. The prevalence of stunting and wasting was the same in the post-marasmic children as in the siblings. Body-fat and fat-free-mass (FFM) deficits in both groups were corroborated by abnormally low concentrations of transthyretin, osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-3. FFM was positively and significantly correlated with concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. In the post-marasmic children, height for age was also correlated with IGF-1. Of the post-marasmic children, 53 % had Fe-deficiency anaemia, as did 35 % of the siblings and 29 % of the controls. No significant associations were found between the serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Na, P, Se, Zn and growth retardation. At 5 years after nutritional rehabilitation, the post-marasmic children remained stunted with nutritional indices significantly lower than the control children. However, these children were doing as well as their siblings except for minor infections.

Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Lazurova ◽  
Jana Figurova ◽  
Zora Lazurova ◽  
Silvia Toporcerova ◽  
Miroslava Rabajdova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Igf System

scholarly journals A substitution model of dietary manipulation is an effective means of optimising lipid profile, reducing C-reactive protein and increasing insulin-like growth factor-1

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian H. Heald ◽  
Cheryl Golding ◽  
Reena Sharma ◽  
Kirk Siddals ◽  
Sara Kirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Substitution Model ◽  
Reactive Protein

There are two key methods in which fat intake may be manipulated; the ‘substitution model’ and the ‘reduction model’. However insufficient information is known about the mechanisms of dietary fat reduction in individuals who have successfully reduced their fat intake, to be clear as to which strategy offers the greatest chance of success. Our objective was to ascertain the most effective dietary intervention for improving cardiovascular risk profile. Eighty female volunteers (high fat consumers) were recruited. Each subject was randomly allocated into one of the following groups. Substitution of high-fat foods was made with reduced-fat products, by the reduction of high-fat foods, by a combination of substitution and reduction strategies, or no advice was given. Each intervention lasted 3 months. Anthropometric measures and fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and follow-up. The substitution intervention resulted in weight loss (mean −1.4 (95% CI −2.4, −0.2) kg) and reduced percentage body fat (mean −1.3 (95% CI −2.0, −0.5)%). There was no significant weight change with the other interventions. Fasting triacylglycerols (−0.2 (SEM 0.07) mM; P=0.04), cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (0.8 (SEM 0.2) mg/l; P=0.04) fell with the substitution intervention, but not with the other interventions. Insulin-like growth factor-1 increased with both substitution and reduction (P=0.02). There was no significant change in fasting insulin or glucose with any intervention. The substitution model of dietary intervention is effective even over a relatively short interval of time in reducing fasting total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and CRP. Although the group size for the present study was small and involved females only, it has significant implications for population intervention strategies.

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