scholarly journals Catalina de Médici: Retratos al servicio de una imagen de poder

Imafronte ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
María Cristina Grau
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Catherine De Medici

El artículo presente analiza la evolución iconográfica en la construcción y en la promoción de la imagen de poder de Catalina de Médici, reina de Francia de la decimosexta centuria. The present article analyzes the iconographic evolution in the construction and promotion of the image of power of Catherine de’ Medici, Queen of France in the sixteenth century.

GOD OF METALS: TLATLAUHQUI TEZCATLIPOCA AND THE SACRED SYMBOLISM OF METALLURGY IN MICHOACAN, WEST MEXICO

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Roskamp
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Technology Studies ◽  
West Mexico

AbstractIn recent years the development of metallurgy in West Mexico has received increasing attention in the field of archaeological and technology studies. Considering that the latter already include excellent descriptions and analysis of the ritual and sumptuary functions of metal artifacts, the present article focuses on the sacred symbolism of the metal resources and the metalworking process itself according to several indigenous cosmogonical narratives and other additional pictorial and alphabetical sources from sixteenth-century Michoacan and adjacent cultural areas. The available documentation clearly shows that a crucial role was attributed to the native god Tlatlauhqui Tezcatlipoca.

scholarly journals Giordano Bruno’s geheugenkunst en de jacht op Proteus

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Manuel Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The Earth

The present article presents the art of memory of the sixteenth-century philosopherGiordano Bruno by taking into consideration the mythological figure of Proteus.Bruno’s comparison of the metaphysical Monad – aim of his philosophical quest – withProteus sheds a light on the mnemonic practice. Although Bruno is often presented as aherald of modern science, the description of the Monad as Protheus, always subject tonew metamorphoses, and the importance of Ovidius’ Metamorphoses show him ratheras a representative of the Pythagorean tradition. An echo of Ovidius is also indicated inBruno’s Cena de le ceneri showing that the Pythagorean influence is also present in hiscosmological view on the motion of the earth.

Artisans, Guilds, and Capitalist Development in Cairo, 1600–1800

Capitalisms ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 327-348
Author(s):  
Nelly Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
European Experience ◽  
The World

Studies of capitalism have often been based on the European or, more often, the nineteenth-century English experience. Its sources were taken to be based on the European experience, the trading companies of the sixteenth century, Protestantism, and so on. From there, it was diffused to the rest of the world. To fully understand capitalism, one had to focus on the European experience and the restrictive definitions that were based on its development in Western Europe. The Eurocentric approach to this subject is now being reconsidered. Studies of regions outside Europe are now showing that the emergence of capitalism was a much more complex and diverse trend, and it could have multiple sources. The present article focuses on one of these sources.

scholarly journals Devoted Politics: Jesuits and Elite Catholic Women at the Later Sixteenth-century Valois Court

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-605
Author(s):  
Susan Broomhall
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Catholic Women ◽  
French Court ◽  
Catherine De Medici

This essay analyses how elite women at the sixteenth-century French court interacted with the Jesuits, in the context of the spiritual and political ambitions of all participants. Focusing particularly on the dynamic relationship between Catherine de Medici and the Jesuits, contextualized by the experiences of other elite women and men, it explores the period from the 1560s to the end of the 1580s during which Catherine occupied a powerful role and when individual members of the Society of Jesus rose to prominence at the court. To date, the scholarship of elite Catholic politics in which the Jesuits were involved has prioritized the activities of France’s monarchs, Charles ix and Henri iii, and its leading men in dynasties such as the Gonzaga-Nevers and Guise. Re-reading many of the same sources with an eye to the contribution and activities of women offers the potential for a broader narrative.

scholarly journals "A vos el poderoso y muy estimado Rey de la China". Primera embajada Regia de Felipe II con destino a la China de la Dinastía Ming: origen, preparación y abandono = First Embassy of Philip II destined for the Chinese Ming Dinasty: origin, preparation and adandonment

2017 ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Chenguang Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Philip Ii

<p>El presente artículo analiza un acontecimiento significativo pero poco conocido: la primera embajada que Felipe II envió a China. Através de las fuentes relativas a esta expedición, podemos contemplar cómo funcionaba la administración de la Castilla del siglo XVI en lo que concierne a los asuntos diplomáticos. Además, cabe<br />prestar especial atención a la carta escrita por Felipe II y dirigida al emperador de China. Con ella, no solo podemos ampliar nuestros conocimientos sobre el monarca hispano en relación con sus perspectivas sínicas, sino que también nos permite observar las estrategias y los métodos adoptados para crear contactos con aquel imperio.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The present article analyzes a profound significance but rarely known historical event: The first diplomatic mission of the Emperor Philip II sending to China.<br />We can approach and understand the decision-making mechanism of the Spanish government to complete such diplomatic missions in sixteenth century. In addition, Philip II once wrote to the Chinese emperor one letter, through which we can not only know the Spanish monarch´s familiarity and relevant knowledge of China, but also can observe the methods and tactics that Philip II used in his attempt to establish diplomatic<br />relations with that Empire.</p>

Third-person singular zero in Norfolk English: An addendum

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Joby
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
The Third ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
The Third Person

Abstract An article published in 2014 argued that the third-person singular present tense indicative zero was already present in Norfolk English before the arrival of Dutch- and French-speaking immigrants in Norwich in the middle of the sixteenth century. This position differs from that of Trudgill, who has argued that zero-marking in Norfolk English arose as a result of language contact between the immigrants (or ‘Strangers’) and local English people. One response to the earlier article is that it relies on examples involving the verb have, and that this verb is something of an exception as it is found with zero-marking in other varieties of English. The present article addresses that concern by providing further evidence that zero-marking was already used in Norfolk English for verbs other than have before the arrival of the Strangers in Norwich. It then evaluates whether, although zero-marking was present prior to 1565, Trudgill’s language contact thesis may nevertheless help to explain how zero-marking became a common feature of Norfolk English and indeed of varieties of English elsewhere in East Anglia. In short, this article aims to shed further light on the interesting question of how and when zero-marking developed in Norfolk English.

The Educational Activities of Fray Alonso de la Vera Cruz in Sixteenth Century Mexico

1948 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
John F. Blethen
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Ghost Town ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right ◽  
General Appearance

The Little Pueblo of Tiripetío lies at the foot of a mountain near Morelia in the state of Michoacán. Its Indian name means “place of gold”, but the adobe houses with their straw roofs plus a general appearance of shabbiness belie such a title. Tiripetío, however, was not always a ghost town. In the sixteenth century it pulsed with life and activity. The life of the place centered about a convent of Augustinian friars, with its adjoining church, hospital and school. The name Vera Cruz is closely linked with this convent and school as with many other educational activities in sixteenth century Mexico. But like Tiripetío itself, which marked the scene of his early labours, the name of Alonso de la Vera Cruz has fallen into obscurity and today counts little, even with historians of his own Order. The recent work of Oswaldo Robles, a translation of one of Vera Cruz’s philosophic treatises, the Physica Speculano, (vd. The Americas, October 1944, under article: “Fray Alonso de la Vera Cruz and the Beginnings of Philosophic Speculation in the Americas”.) is truly a step in the right direction. It can only be hoped that the relatively settled political set-up in Mexico will open the way for a more thorough search for historical data on outstanding figures like Alonso de la Vera Cruz. The present article attempts, from the sources now at hand, to synthesize the many and varied activities in the field of education in which Vera Cruz engaged and to give an interpretation of the influence he exerted in the field of learning and in the development of the philosophic thought of his day in Mexico.

Some Remarks Concerning André Thevet

1944 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Manoel Da Silveira Cardozo
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Christian Humanism ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
Catherine De Medici

André Thevet, priest and friar, almoner to Catherine de Medici, cosmographer to four kings of France, is remembered by students of Brazilian history as one of the chroniclers of the unsuccessful attempt on the part of Nicolas Durand de Villegagnon (1510–1571) to found a French settlement in Rio bay. One might say that Thevet’s career was in a very real sense the product of the Christian humanism of the sixteenth century, and his life practically spanned those momentous one hundred years. Apparently of humble stock, he was born in the ancient town of Angoulême in 1502, almost at the time when Brazil was discovered. Of his early life and education virtually nothing is known, and a search for records made a number of years ago in his native city failed to disclose anything that might throw light on his first years.

A Reading of the Dialect Chapter of Zhāng Wèi’s Wènqíjí

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
W. South Coblin
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Chinese Characters

The Wènqíjí of the late sixteenth century Míng scholar Zhāng Wèi 張位 contains a short chapter entitled “Local Pronunciations of Various Areas”. The work comprises a number of direct sound glosses on Chinese characters, with the glossing words used to indicate dialectal pronunciations of the glossed words. In the present article, we assume that Zhāng's glossing characters were to be read in the standard pronunciation of that period, i.e., in the so-called Nányīn pronunciation of the Guānhuà koine. Using the nearly contemporary romanized sound glosses of Nicholas Trigault, which are also thought to represent this type of Guānhuà pronunciation, we then attempt to determine how Zhāng Wèi believed the dialect readings of the glossed characters were pronounced.

scholarly journals Word versus Honor: The Case of Françoise de Rohan vs. Jacques de Savoie

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 315-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Una McIlvenna
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
French Society ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Word Versus ◽  
Love Letters ◽  
Catherine De Medici ◽  
Legal Battle

Abstract This paper examines one of the most notorious scandals of sixteenth-century France. In 1557, Françoise de Rohan, a lady-in-waiting to Catherine de Medici, launched a legal battle to get the duke of Nemours, Jacques de Savoie, to recognize their orally-agreed marriage contract and formally recognize the child whom he had fathered with her. Central to Rohan’s case were not only the love-letters Nemours had written to her but also the eye-witness testimonies of her servants, who had overheard their marriage vows and had witnessed their love-making. Nemours’s only defense was his word of honor as a gentleman that no marriage had taken place. This paper situates the case of Rohan vs. Nemours within a transitory period in French society as oral and literate cultures competed for precedence, and asks what happens to the concept of honor when the spoken word is no longer to be trusted.

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