scholarly journals Calidad de las compresiones torácicas en resucitación cardiopulmonar practicada en condiciones extremas de temperatura ambiental

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Fernández-González-de-la-Riva ◽  
Manuel Piñero-Zapata ◽  
Maria Luisa González-de-la-Riva-Troncoso
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Prior Training ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Arrest ◽  
Heat Temperature ◽  
External Chest Compressions

En la atención del equipo de profesionales de la salud en una parada cardiorrespiratoria extrahospitalaria (PCREH), se pueden encontrar en condiciones extremas de temperatura ambiental, según la zona donde se encuentren, la época del año, e incluso la franja horaria. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue comprobar si la eficacia de la Reanimación Cardiopulmonar (RCP) se veía afectada en ambientes de temperatura calor (40ºC) y frío (0ºC) extremos, en comparación con una RCP en temperatura ambiental (22ºC).Método: Se realizaron 2 minutos de compresiones torácicas (CT) ininterrumpidas en las condiciones de temperatura de 40ºC, 0ºC y 22ºC, en un maniquí realista Resusci Anne QCPR con SIMPAD. Resultados: 30 participantes, tanto con formación previa en RCP (86,7%) o sin ella (13,3%), formaron parte de la muestra, 26 mujeres (86,7%) y 4 hombres (13,3%), con una media de edad de 27,37±8,88 años. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la eficacia de la RCP; pero sí que hubo diferencias entre el número total de CT (p=0,042), la profundidad media de las CT (p=0,015) y en la frecuencia media (p=0,034). La escala de Borg de esfuerzo percibido (RPE) mostró una media de 4,4±1,303 a 22ºC, 4,97±1,402 a 40ºC y 4,87±2,08 a 0ºC (p>0,05). No hubo diferencias significativas en el lactato capilar.Conclusiones: Se concluye que no existen diferencias significativas entre las tres condiciones, aunque parece que la temperatura ambiental y la fría se asemejan en los resultados y la temperatura calor ofrece una ligera desventaja al respecto. Under the care of a team of health professionals in an out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest (PCREH), they can be found in conditions in extreme conditions of ambient temperature, depending on the area where they are located, the time of the year, and even the time of day.Objective: The objective of this study was to verify whether the efficacy of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) was affected by extreme heat (40ºC) and cold (0ºC) temperature environments, compared to a CPR in ambient temperature (22ºC).Method: 2 minutes of uninterrupted external chest compressions (ECC) were performed under ambient temperature conditions of 40ºC, 0ºC and 22ºC, in a realistic mannequin Resusci Anne QCPR with SIMPAD.Results: 30 participants, both people with prior training in CPR (86.7%) and without it (13.3%), were part of the sample, 26 women (86.7%) and 4 men (13.3%), with a mean age of 27.37 ± 8.88 years. No statistically significant differences were found in the efficacy of CPR; but there were differences between the total number of CT (p = 0.042), the average depth of the ECC (p = 0.015) and the average frequency (p = 0.034). The Borg scale of perceived exertion (RPE) showed an average of 4.4 ± 1.303 at 22° C, 4.97 ± 1.402 at 40° C and 4.87 ± 2.08 at 0° C (p> 0.05). There were no significant differences in hair lactate.Conclusions: It is concluded that there are no significant differences between the three conditions, although it seems that the cold and room temperatures resemble results and that the heat temperature offers a slight disadvantage of the others.

CPREzy™ improves performance of external chest compressions in simulated cardiac arrest

Resuscitation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan K. Beckers ◽  
Max H. Skorning ◽  
Michael Fries ◽  
Johannes Bickenbach ◽  
Stephan Beuerlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
External Chest Compressions

scholarly journals Analysis of knowledge on drug delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241
Author(s):  
Juan M. Carmona ◽  
Ana M. Baena ◽  
Ana C. Berral ◽  
Quintiliano Sotelo ◽  
Beatriz Recio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Prior Training ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis Of Knowledge ◽  
Improve Health

The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge of health professionals Hospital of Montilla on the administration of drugs in emergencies. Material: cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Hospital of Montilla (Córdoba). A questionnaire to doctors and nurses were distributed by random sampling during the month of December 2014. A survey of Machado de Azevedo et al. (2012) that consists of 9 items for the assessment of knowledge on medication administration was used. Results: The sample was composed of 59.1% of physicians and 40.9% of nurses with an average age of 38.05 (SD±8.981). Regarding the situation of respondents, 72.7% had received prior training. Regarding their own self-assessment, 72.7% considered to have a satisfactory knowledge of drug administration. 90.9% of respondents known to exist protocols on the administration of drugs in his unit. Discussion: Although the knowledge of drug delivery is acceptable for health workers, there are differences between the two analyzed collectives. Therefore, it would be ideal to perform adequate training and retraining of staff for optimal knowledge and, in this way, improve health care.

Responses of Motor-Sport Athletes to V8 Supercar Racing in Hot Conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt B. Brearley ◽  
James P. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Body Core ◽  
Cardiovascular Strain

Background:Despite the thermal challenge of demanding workloads performed in high cabin temperatures while wearing heavy heat-retardant clothing, information on physiological responses to racing V8 Supercars in hot conditions is not readily available.Purpose:To describe the thermal, cardiovascular, and perceptual strain on V8 Supercar drivers competing in hot conditions.Methods:Thermal strain was indicated by body-core temperature using an ingested thermosensitive pill. Cardiovascular strain was assessed from heart rate, hydration status, and sweat rate. Perceptual strain was estimated from self-rated thermal sensation, thermal discomfort (modified Gagge scales), perceived exertion (Borg scale), and perceptual strain index.Results:Prerace body-core temperatures were (mean ± SD) 37.7°C ± 0.4°C (range 37.0°C to 38.2°C), rising to 39.0°C ± 0.4°C (range 38.4°C to 39.7°C) postrace. Driver heart rates were >160 and >170 beats/min for 85.3% and 46.7% of racing, respectively. Sweat rates were 1.06 ± 0.12 L/h or 13.4 ± 1.2 mL · kg−1 · h−1, and postrace dehydration was 0.6% ± 0.6% of prerace body mass. Drivers rated thermal sensation as hot (10.3 ± 0.9), thermal discomfort as uncomfortable (3.1 ± 1.0), and perceived exertion as very hard to very, very hard (8.7 ± 1.7) after the races. Overall physiological and perceptual strain were 7.4 ± 1.0 and 7.1 ± 1.2, respectively.Conclusions:Despite the use of cooling, V8 Supercar drivers endure thermal, cardiovascular, and perceptual strain during brief driving bouts in hot conditions.

Abstract 167: Epinephrine Plus Chest Compressions May Be Superior to Epinephrine Alone in a Hypoxia-Induced Porcine Model of Lifeless Shock

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Teran ◽  
Claire Centeno ◽  
Alex L Lindqwister ◽  
William J Hunckler ◽  
William Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Compression ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Coronary Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen ◽  
External Chest Compressions

Background: Lifeless shock (LS) (previously called EMD and pseudo-PEA) is a global hypotensive ischemic state with retained coordinated myocardial contractile activity and an organized ECG. We have previously described our hypoxic LS model. The role of standard external chest compressions remains unclear in the setting of LS and its associated intrinsic hemodynamics. Although it is known the patients with LS have better prognosis compared to PEA, it is unclear what is the best treatment strategy. Prior work has shown that chest compressions (CC) when synchronized with native systole results in significant hemodynamic improvement, most notably coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), and hence it is plausible that standard dyssynchronous CC may be detrimental to hemodynamics. Furthermore, retrospective clinical data has shown that LS patients treated with vasopressors and no CC, may have better outcomes. We compared epinephrine only versus epinephrine and chest compression, in a porcine model of LS. Methods: Our porcine model of hypoxic LS has previously been described. We randomized pigs to episodes of LS treated with epinephrine only (control) (0.0015 mg/kg) versus epinephrine plus standard external chest compressions (intervention). Animals were endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated, and the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) was gradually lowered from room air (20-30% O 2 ) to a target FiO 2 of 3-7% O 2 . This target FiO 2 was maintained until the systolic blood pressure (SBP) dropped to 30 mmHg for 30 seconds, or the animal became bradycardic (HR less than 40), which was defined as the start of LS. FiO 2 was then raised to 100%, and then animal would receive control or intervention. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was defined as SBP 60 mmHg, stable after 2 minutes. Results: Twenty-six episodes of LS in 11 animals received epinephrine only control and 21 episodes the epinephrine plus chest compression intervention. The rates of ROSC in two minutes or less were 5/26 (19%) in the control arm vs 14/21 (67%) in the intervention arm (P=0.001;95% CI 19.7 %-67.2%). Conclusions: In a swine model of hypoxia induced LS, epinephrine plus CPR may be superior to epinephrine alone.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Hypogravity Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Sindujen Sriharan ◽  
Gemma Kay ◽  
Jimmy C.Y. Lee ◽  
Ross D. Pollock ◽  
Thais Russomano
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Lunar Gravity ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Resuscitation Guidelines ◽  
Cpr Quality ◽  
Gender Space ◽  
External Chest Compressions ◽  
Mixed Gender ◽  
Interplanetary Travel

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists into extraterrestrial CPR, despite the drive for interplanetary travel. This study investigated whether the terrestrial CPR method can provide quality external chest compressions (ECCs) in line with the 2015 UK resuscitation guidelines during ground-based hypogravity simulation. It also explored whether gender, weight, and fatigue influence CPR quality.METHODS: There were 21 subjects who performed continuous ECCs for 5 min during ground-based hypogravity simulations of Mars (0.38 G) and the Moon (0.16 G), with Earths gravity (1 G) as the control. Subjects were unloaded using a body suspension device (BSD). ECC depth and rate, heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (Vo2), and Borg scores were measured.RESULTS: ECC depth was lower in 0.38 G (42.9 9 mm) and 0.16 G (40.8 9 mm) compared to 1 G and did not meet current resuscitation guidelines. ECC rate was adequate in all gravity conditions. There were no differences in ECC depth and rate when comparing gender or weight. ECC depth trend showed a decrease by min 5 in 0.38 G and by min 2 in 0.16 G. Increases in HR, VE, and Vo2 were observed from CPR min 1 to min 5.DISCUSSION: The terrestrial method of CPR provides a consistent ECC rate but does not provide adequate ECC depths in simulated hypogravities. The results suggest that a mixed-gender space crew of varying bodyweights may not influence ECC quality. Extraterrestrial-specific CPR guidelines are warranted. With a move to increasing ECC rate, permitting lower ECC depths and substituting rescuers after 1 min in lunar gravity and 4 min in Martian gravity is recommended.Sriharan S, Kay G, Lee JCY, Pollock RD, Russomano T. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hypogravity simulation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(2):106112.

scholarly journals Acute Caffeine and Coconut Oil Intake, Isolated or Combined, Does Not Improve Running Times of Recreational Runners: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled and Crossover Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1661
Author(s):  
Gabrielle de Lima Borba ◽  
Julianne Soares de Freitas Batista ◽  
Ludmilla Marques Queiroz Novais ◽  
Myrnzzia Beatriz Silva ◽  
João Batista da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Recreational Runners

The aim was to evaluate the effect of caffeine (CAF) and extra virgin coconut oil (CO), isolated or combined, on running performance in runners. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, and crossover study was conducted with thirteen recreational runners aged 18–40. All volunteers performed a 1600 m time trial at a 400 m track, each ingesting four different substances: (1) placebo (water), (2) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF (DECAF + CAF), (3) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus soy oil (DECAF + CAF + SO), and (4) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus extra virgin coconut oil (DECAF + CAF + CO). The substances were ingested 60 min before the trials, the order of the situations was randomized, and there were one-week intervals between them. At the end of the trials, the Borg scale was applied to evaluate the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the time was measured. Results: Our data did not show differences in running time among the trials (placebo: 7.64 ± 0.80, DECAF + CAF: 7.61 ± 1.02, DECAF + CAF + SO: 7.66 ± 0.89, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 7.58 ± 0.74 min; p = 0.93), nor RPE (placebo: 6.15 ± 2.03, DECAF + CAF: 6.00 ± 2.27, DECAF + CAF + SO: 6.54 ± 2.73, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.00 ± 2.45 score; p = 0.99). Lactate concentrations (placebo: 6.23 ± 2.72, DECAF + CAF: 4.43 ± 3.77, DECAF + CAF + SO: 5.29 ± 3.77, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.17 ± 4.18 mmol/L; p = 0.55) also was not modified. Conclusion: Our study shows that ingestion of decaffeinated coffee with the addition of isolated CAF and extra virgin CO, either isolated or combined, does not improve 1600 m running times, nor influence RPE and lactate concentrations in recreational runners. Thus, combination of coffee with CO as a pre-workout supplement seems to be unsubstantiated for a short-distance race.

Three Methods of Manual External Chest Compressions During Microgravity Simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Rehnberg ◽  
Alexandra Ashcroft ◽  
Justin H. Baers ◽  
Fabio Campos ◽  
Ricardo B. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Microgravity Simulation ◽  
External Chest Compressions

scholarly journals A new method for the performance of external chest compressions during hypogravity simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Christina Mackaill ◽  
Gregori Sponchiado ◽  
Ana K. Leite ◽  
Paola Dias ◽  
Michele Da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
External Chest Compressions

scholarly journals The Ability to Provide Quality Chest Compressions Over Lacrosse Shoulder Pads

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Boergers ◽  
Thomas G. Bowman ◽  
Monica R. Lininger
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Placement Accuracy

Context:  Performance of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is essential for improving patient outcomes. Performing compressions over football equipment inhibits compression depth and rate, but lacrosse equipment has not yet been studied. Objective:  To assess the effect of lacrosse shoulder pads on the ability to provide quality chest compressions on simulation manikins. Design:  Crossover study. Setting:  Simulation laboratory. Patients or Other Participants:  Thirty-six athletic trainers (12 men: age = 33.3 ± 9.7 years; 24 women: age = 33.4 ± 9.8 years). Main Outcome Measure(s):  No shoulder pads (NSP), Warrior Burn Hitman shoulder pads (WSP), and STX Cell II shoulder pads (SSP) were investigated. Outcomes were chest-compression depth (millimeters), rate (compressions per minute), rating of perceived exertion (0−10), hand-placement accuracy (%), and chest recoil (%). Results:  We observed a difference in mean compression depth among shoulder-pad conditions (F2,213 = 3.73, P = .03, ω2 = 0.03), with a shallower depth during the WSP (54.1 ± 5.8 mm) than the NSP (56.8 ± 5.7 mm; P = .02) trials. However, no differences were found in mean compression rate (F2,213 = 0.87, P = .42, ω2 = 0.001, 1–β = .20). We noted a difference in rating of perceived exertion scores (F2,213 = 16.41, P < .001, ω2 = 0.12). Compressions were more difficult during the SSP condition (4.1 ± 1.3) than during the NSP (2.9 ± 1.2; P < .001) and WSP (3.3 ± 1.1; P = .002) conditions. A difference was present in hand-placement accuracy among the 3 shoulder-pad conditions (χ22 = 11.14, P = .004). Hand-placement accuracy was better in the NSP than the SSP condition (P = .002) and the SSP than the WSP condition (P = .001). Conclusions:  Lacrosse shoulder pads did not inhibit the ability to administer chest compressions with adequate rate and depth. With appropriate training to improve hand placement, the pads may be left in place while cardiopulmonary resuscitation is initiated during sudden cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Comparison of Chest Compression Quality Using Wing Boards versus Walking Next to a Moving Stretcher: A Randomized Crossover Simulation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Yukako Nakashima ◽  
Takeji Saitoh ◽  
Hideki Yasui ◽  
Masahide Ueno ◽  
Kensuke Hotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Background: When a rescuer walks alongside a stretcher and compresses the patient’s chest, the rescuer produces low-quality chest compressions. We hypothesized that a stretcher equipped with wing boards allows for better chest compressions than the conventional method. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, crossover study, we enrolled 45 medical workers and students. They performed hands-on chest compressions to a mannequin on a moving stretcher, while either walking (the walk method) or riding on wings attached to the stretcher (the wing method). The depths of the chest compressions were recorded. The participants’ vital signs were measured before and after the trials. Results: The average compression depth during the wing method (5.40 ± 0.50 cm) was greater than during the walk method (4.85 ± 0.80 cm; p < 0.01). The average compression rates during the two minutes were 215 ± 8 and 217 ± 5 compressions in the walk and wing methods, respectively (p = ns). Changes in blood pressure (14 ± 11 vs. 22 ± 14 mmHg), heart rate (32 ± 13 vs. 58 ± 20 bpm), and modified Borg scale (4 (interquartile range: 2–4) vs. 6 (5–7)) were significantly lower in the wing method cohort compared to the walking cohort (p < 0.01). The rescuer’s size and physique were positively correlated with the chest compression depth during the walk method; however, we found no significant correlation in the wing method. Conclusions: Chest compressions performed on the stretcher while moving using the wing method can produce high-quality chest compressions, especially for rescuers with a smaller size and physique.

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