scholarly journals La Junta Nacional contra el analfabetismo (1950-1970): un análisis documental

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2 Jul-Oct) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Alba María López Melgarejo
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
National Committee ◽  
National State ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Illiterate Adults

El 10 de marzo de 1950 se creaba por decreto la Junta Nacional contra el Analfabetismo cuyo objetivo era reducir la tasa de analfabetos entre la población adulta española a través de una red de juntas provinciales, municipales y locales. El objetivo de este estudio es reconstruir la trayectoria acometida por esta institución durante la década de los cincuenta y sesenta a partir de los documentos publicados en el Boletín Oficial del Estado que hacen mención a la misma.Encontramos dos momentos claves durante la vigencia de la Junta Nacional. El primero de creación y desarrollo de 1950 a 1963 y un segundo momento definido por la Campaña Nacional contra el Analfabetismo iniciada en 1963 para cuatro cursos escolares. Los esfuerzos de este organismo junto a los realizados por otras instituciones redujeron la tasa de analfabetos adultos de un 17% en 1950 a un 9% existente al inicio de 1970. On the tenth of March in 1950 The National Committee Against Illiteracy was created by decree with a view to reducing the illiteracy rate among the Spanish adult population. The aim of this study is to reconstruct, from the documents published in the National State Journal, the process followed by this institution during the 1950s and 1960s. We found two keys moments during the enforcement of the National Committee: a period of creation and development from 1950 to 1963 and the activation in 1963 of the National Campaign Against Illiteracy which lasted for four school years. The efforts of this organization along with those by other institutions reduced the rate of illiterate adults from 17% in 1950 to 9% at the beginning of 1970.

scholarly journals ISU DASAR NEGARA INDONESIA MENJELANG PEMILU 1955: Studi Kasus Pidato Politik Soekarno Di Amuntai 27 Januari 1953

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
National State ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Secular State

"Islamic State versus National State" was a heated political issue throughout the 1950s that created highly tense and dividing debates among Indonesia's political communities. President Soekarno, a leading proponent of National State, raised this issue for the first time in his speech in Amuntai on January 27th, 1953. The present paper contends that this speech was crucial for the political discourse contestations that followed between the religiously-neutral Nasionalist camp and the Islamic camp. The former argued against the latter's idea of building an Islamic state in Indonesia and proposed instead, a secular state that guarantees the right of its citizens to observe their religious teachings. The value of Soekarno's speech could be seen from reactions it generated from the supporters of Islamic State who called it a smear campaign and a doctrine dangerous to their struggle to erect an Islamic state in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Estimated Change in Prevalence of Hypertension in Bangladesh According to Following JNC 7 and ACC/AHA 2017: Secondary Analysis From Nationally Representative Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ashfikur Rahman ◽  
Henry Halder ◽  
Uday Narayan Yadav ◽  
Sabuj Kanti Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Most studies followed either Joint National Committee 7 (JNC 7) or World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension (WHO-ISH) guidelines to ascertain the prevalence of hypertension among Bangladeshi adults. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) revised the definition of hypertension in 2017, which has significant public health importance. Identifying the change in the new guideline has resulted in the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension compared to that of the JNC7 guideline in Bangladesh. This study used data from the most recent round (2017-18) of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). According to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline, the participants were categorized as hypertensive if they had BP measurements greater than or equal to 130/80 mm Hg, which was greater than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg according to the JNC 7 guideline. A total of 11 959 weighted participants were included in the analysis. The median (IQR) age of the respondents was 34.0 (18.0-95.0) years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.0% according to the JNC 7 guideline, which was 50.5% according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Participants who were overweight and obese, aged, member of affluent households, urban residents, and Rangpur division inhabitants had significantly higher odds of being hypertensive according to both guidelines. The new guideline suggests that half of the adult population in Bangladesh is hypertensive when measured according to the new guideline, urging the policymakers and public health practitioners to take immediate action to address the already established modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with hypertension according to JNC 7 and ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ashfikur Rahman ◽  
Henry Ratul Halder ◽  
Uday Narayan Yadav ◽  
Sabuj Kanti Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractMost studies either followed Joint National Committee 7 (JNC 7) or World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension (WHO-ISH) guidelines to ascertain the prevalence of hypertension among Bangladeshi adults. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) revised the definition of hypertension in 2017, which has significant public health importance. In Bangladesh, the new guideline has resulted changes in prevalence and risk factors for hypertension compared to the JNC7 guideline. This study used data from the most recent round (2017–2018) of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). According to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline, the participants were categorized as hypertensive if they had blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130/80 mmHg, but it was ≥ 140/90 mmHg in JNC 7 guideline. A total of 11,959 participants were involved in the analysis. The median (IQR) age of the respondents was 34.0 (18.0–95.0) years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.0% according to the JNC 7 guideline, which was 50.5% according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Participants who were overweight and obese, aged, member of affluent households, Rangpur and Rajshahi division inhabitants had significantly higher odds of being hypertensive according to both guidelines. The new guideline suggests that half of the adult population in Bangladesh is hypertensive when measured according to the new guideline, urging the policymakers and public health practitioners to take immediate action to address the already established modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Lifestyle Practices of Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 574-577
Author(s):  
Sathiyabama G ◽  
Anita Jaslin I ◽  
Anjali S
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Cardiovascular Illness

Hypertension is a controllable sickness. It has been accounted for that focused decreases in individuals with hypertension are relied upon to create huge decreases in the weight of cardiovascular illness. As indicated by the seventh report of the Joint National Committee (JNC-7) on counteraction, identification, assessment and treatment of hypertension, appropriation of solid ways of life by all people is basic for the avoidance of hypertension. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge of hypertension clients regarding lifestyle modification. The research design adopted for the study is a descriptive cross-sectional design. The setting of the study is selected in a rural area in Mapped. The sample size was consists of both Men 25 and Women 25 with the risk of hypertension and practices of hypertension. Non-probability sampling techniques will be used to collect the samples. Those who were having hypertension and practices of hypertension, rural area in Mapped. The tool was a structured questionnaire used to assess the knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension and lifestyle practices of adult. It was observed that the prevalence of hypertension among the rural adult population at mapped in Tamilnadu and was associated with age, gender, education, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and overweight and lifestyle practices.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULT POPULATION IN SLUMS OF WEST DELHI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Supriya Dwivedi ◽  
Zaozianlungliu Gonmei ◽  
Gurudayal Singh Toteja ◽  
Nidhi Srivastava ◽  
Naval Kishore Vikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detection Evaluation

Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hypertension in adult population residing in slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population of 18-59 years residing in urban slums of West Delhi. Blood pressure was measured using digital machine (OMRON). The data obtained were analyzed for percent prevalence, mean, standard deviation, and median. Joint National Committee (JNC)on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC)VI and JNC VII criteria were used to classify hypertension.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 25.3%. The prevalence was higher (27.9%)in males than females (22.8%)and also in the age group 46-59 years (43.0%)as compared to 18-45 years (19.8%). The overall prevalence of prehypertension, Stage I and Stage II hypertension, respectively, was 35.2%, 16.1% and 9.2%.Conclusion: A one-fourth of the adult population is hypertensive. Early diagnosis and treatment are advisable, besides awareness about dietary and lifestyle modification.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS RESIDING IN URBAN SLUM OF DELHI.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Supriya Dwivedi ◽  
Zaozianlungliu Gonmei ◽  
Gurudayal Singh Toteja ◽  
Nidhi Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional

 Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the risk factors of hypertension among adults residing in urban slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adult population of 18–59 years residing in urban slums of West Delhi. Blood pressure was measured twice using digital machine (OMRON). Height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured, weight was taken, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The Joint National Committee VII criteria were used to define hypertension, and the National Cholesterol Education Program and Adult Treatment Panel-III guidelines were used to define different categories of dyslipidemia. The World Health Organization (2014) criteria were used to classify the BMI.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension among adults (n=423) was 25.3%. Among hypertensive adults, the prevalence of obesity was 22.7%, while among non-hypertensives, it was 10.9%. Similarly, overweight prevalence was higher (27.3%) in hypertensive adults compared to non-hypertensive adults (20.6%). The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol <40/<50 mg/dl, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥130 was 19.7%, 33.7%, 75.7%, and 21.8%, respectively. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and serum LDL-C ≥130 mg/dl was 38%, 50%, and 32% among hypertensive adults, while among non-hypertensive adults, it was 15%, 29%, and 19%, respectively.Conclusion: Hypertensive adults had higher BMI, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C compared to non-hypertensives.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS RESIDING IN URBAN SLUM OF DELHI.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Supriya Dwivedi ◽  
Zaozianlungliu Gonmei ◽  
Gurudayal Singh Toteja ◽  
Nidhi Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional

 Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the risk factors of hypertension among adults residing in urban slums of West Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adult population of 18–59 years residing in urban slums of West Delhi. Blood pressure was measured twice using digital machine (OMRON). Height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured, weight was taken, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The Joint National Committee VII criteria were used to define hypertension, and the National Cholesterol Education Program and Adult Treatment Panel-III guidelines were used to define different categories of dyslipidemia. The World Health Organization (2014) criteria were used to classify the BMI.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension among adults (n=423) was 25.3%. Among hypertensive adults, the prevalence of obesity was 22.7%, while among non-hypertensives, it was 10.9%. Similarly, overweight prevalence was higher (27.3%) in hypertensive adults compared to non-hypertensive adults (20.6%). The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol <40/<50 mg/dl, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥130 was 19.7%, 33.7%, 75.7%, and 21.8%, respectively. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and serum LDL-C ≥130 mg/dl was 38%, 50%, and 32% among hypertensive adults, while among non-hypertensive adults, it was 15%, 29%, and 19%, respectively.Conclusion: Hypertensive adults had higher BMI, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C compared to non-hypertensives.

scholarly journals The level of literacy of the adult population of the Orenburg region according to the materials of the first Soviet census

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Larisa Vladimirovna Petrich ◽  
Sergey Valentinovich Lyubichankovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Literacy Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Illiterate Adults

This paper analyzes the evolution of literacy in different categories of the Orenburg region adult population according to the censuses in 1920, 1926 and 1939 as well as the influence of the educational policy of the Soviet state. The analysis of the census gives an opportunity to give literacy demographic characteristics: gender, age, nationality, social status, occupation, etc. The author notes that the proclamation of compulsory education principle for illiterate adults and the organization of universal education for school-age children gave an opportunity for education to all categories of the Soviet Russian population. Literacy level started to rise; it was reflected in the census. The censuses of 1926, 1939 showed that literacy level of certain age groups in different generations rose after the October revolution. The paper has a certain pattern: the older the generation age was, the higher the level of literacy was. Generalized materials of the first Soviet censuses allow us to conclude that the effect of positive and negative factors in the education of children and illiterate adults was different in urban and rural areas. As a rule, more women and men had a chance for education in urban areas. The results of the study allow us to conclude on the impact of the Soviet government activities to adult education.

scholarly journals Tekanan Darah Sistolik Penduduk Dewasa dengan Indeks Massa-Tubuh Normal di Indonesia: Analisis Riskesdas 2013

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Nurfi Afriansyah ◽  
Sri Prihatini ◽  
Sri Muljati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Job Level ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Papua Barat

Abstrak Penduduk dewasa dengan tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) normal dan indeks massa-tubuh (IMT) normal dapat digunakan sebagai nilai acuan untuk mengembangkan nilai kecukupan asupan zat gizi untuk orang dewasa. Data dari partisipan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013 dianalisis untuk penduduk Indonesia dewasa umur 25-59 tahun dengan IMT 18,5—24,9 kg/m2 (n = 19.401). Pada artikel ini, tekanan darah di atas normal merujuk ke TDS >115 mm Hg; itu meliputi kategori prahipertensi dan hipertensi seperti didefinisikan dalam JNC 7. Dua kategori TDS dari partisipan laki-laki dan perempuan tersebut dikelompokkan menjadi empat interval usia (25-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 tahun); lima jenjang pendidikan dan pekerjaan utama kepala keluarga; dua jenis tempat tinggal (kota, desa); lima kuintil kepemilikan; dan 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Di antara orang dewasa dengan IMT normal, 26,2% laki-laki dan 37,6% perempuan memiliki TDS normal. Persentase TDS normal paling tinggi dijumpai pada interval umur termuda, kuintil paling tinggi dan tinggal di kota. Makin bertambah usia, semakin rendah persentase TDS normal. Empat provinsi yang mempunyai persentase tertinggi laki-laki dengan TDS normal adalah Papua Barat, DKI Jakarta, Gorontalo, dan Bali. Sementara empat provinsi yang memiliki persentase paling tinggi perempuan dengan TDS normal ialah Kepulauan Riau, Sulawesi Barat, DKI Jakarta, dan Bali. Bila IMT dan TDS normal orang dewasa akan digunakan antara lain untuk nilai acuan, seperti untuk mengembangkan nilai kecukupan asupan zat gizi untuk orang dewasa, perlu mempertimbangkan nilai batas TDS dan tempat tinggi, terutama kota. Abtract Adult population with normal systolic blood pressure (SBP) among those with normal body-mass index (BMI) can be used as a reference value to develop the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for Adult Data from participants of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013 were analyzed for Indonesian adult population aged 25 to 59 years with BMI 18,5—24,9 kg/m2 (n = 19 401). In this paper, above-normal blood pressure refers to SBP >115 mm Hg; this includes all categories of prehypertension and hypertension as defined in 7th report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7). The two SBP categories of man and woman participants were grouped into fourths of the age intervals (25-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 years); fifths of the educational and main job level of head of household; two types of residence (urban, rural); fifths of the expenditure level per capita per month; and 33rd of the Indonesian provinces. Among adults with normal BMI, 26,2% of men and 37,6% of women had normal SBP. Percentage of the highest normal SBP found in the youngest age interval, the highest quintile and the urban residence. As we get older, the lower the percentage of normal SBP. The four provinces that have the highest percentage of men with normal SBP were West Papua, DKI Jakarta, Gorontalo, and Bali. The four provinces having the highest percentage of women with normal SBP were Riau Island, West Sulawesi, DKI Jakarta, and Bali. If the adult’s normal BMI and SBP will be used among other things for a reference value, such as to develop the DRI, it is necessary to consider the SBP thresholds and residence, in particular the urban.

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