scholarly journals Early tertiary Ostracoda of the family Trachyleberididae from West Pakistan

1971 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1-98
Author(s):  
Qadeer Ahmad Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family

Oligocene leaves, fruit and flowers of the Cunoniaceae from Cethana, Tasmania

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Carpenter ◽  
AM Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New South ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fossil Data

At least five species in five genera from the Cunoniaceae occur in the Oligocene Cethana deposit. A Callicoma leaf and infructescence are indistinguishable from those of C. serratifolia, the only extant species, and are therefore assigned to that species. Schizonzeria tasmaniensis sp. nov. and Acsmithia grandiflora sp. nov. are represented by flowers and Vesselowskya aff. rubifolia by a leaf or leaflet. Compound leaves of Weinmailrlia/Cunonia so far collected lack cuticular preservation, but their distinctive morphology enables confident placement in this group. Since these genera are only segregable on reproductive features a new genus, Weinmanniaphyllum, is proposed. The fossil data confirm that eastern Australia has been a centre of diversity for the family since at least the Early Tertiary. Modem representatives of the fossil taxa now occur in New South Wales, Queensland, New Guinea, Pacific Islands and South and Central America. None occurs in Tasmania. The evidence is further support for the presence of floristically diverse, microthermal rainforests and disturbed oligotrophic habitats in the Early Tertiary of Tasmania.

scholarly journals THE ARAVELIANS: THE ALANIAN COMPONENT IN GENEALOGY OF THE ARMENIAN NOBILITY

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Р.М. Абрамян
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Source Credibility ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Substantial Interest ◽  
Tertiary Period

В истории Армении раннесредневекового периода исключительно важную роль играли аристократические династии, составляющие сословие нахараров. Фактически вплоть до эпохи арабских нашествий в руках нахарарских кланов были сосредоточены основные земельные, военные и экономические ресурсы страны. В этой связи различные аспекты истории, включая вопросы генеалогии и просопографии соответствующих родов, давно находятся в поле зрения арменоведов. Одной из давно разрабатываемых в науке проблем является анализ достоверности сообщений средневековых авторов об иноэтническом (персидском (парфянском), иудейском, ченском (?китайском), римском) происхождении ряда нахарарств. Для истории Алании и армяно-аланских связей значительный интерес представляет нахарарство Аравелеанов, связанное, согласно Мовсесу Хоренаци, с родом царевны Сатиник. В статье обобщены высказывавшиеся в науке мнения о достоверности сообщений о выезде предков Аравелеанов из Алании, этимологии фамильного имени, локализации родовых владений, а также места, занимаемого кланом в рамках нахарарского сословия. Впервые на основе всего корпуса нарративных и эпиграфических источников собраны сведения об известных на сегодняшний день представителях рода. Выявлена информация о семи носителях фамилии V – VII вв. На основе имеющихся данных можно заключить, что Аравелеаны сыграли заметную роль в ключевых событиях армянской истории рассматриваемого периода – войнах Варданидов и борьбе с арабскими завоевателями. Отдельный интерес представляет получение представителями рода высоких византийских титулов. Составлена просопографическая анкета Аравелеанов. Noble dynasties, which formed a stratum of nakharars, have played exceptionally significant role in the history of the Early Tertiary period of Armenia. Actually, until the epoch of the Arab conquests, the majority of land, military and economic resources of the country was concentrated in nakharars’ hands. In this connection, different historical aspects, including questions of genealogy and prosopography of respected dynasties are now in the sight of Armenologists. One of the scientific problems which has been studied in depth for a long time is the analysis of source credibility of medieval authors’ statements about nonethnic origin of range of nakharars – Persian (Parthian), Hebrew, Chen (?Chinese), Roman. For the history of Alania and Armenian-Alanian relations, the Aravelian nakharar, which according to Movses Horenazi is connected to the dynasty of Queen Satinik, is of substantial interest. The article summarizes expressed scientific opinions on credibility of statements about departure of Aravelians’ predecessors from the territory of Alania, etymology of the family name, localisation of ancestral lands as well as position of the clan in frames of nakharar stratum. For the first time, on the basis of the whole corpus of narrative and epigraphic sources, the data on currently known members of Aravelians is collected. Information about seven family name bearers of V – VII centuries is being brought into light. On the basis of the available data, it can be concluded that Aravelians have played a significant role in the key milestones of the Armenian history during the period under review – Vardanid wars and fight against Arab invaders. Acquisition of high Byzantine titles by the members of the family is of specific interest. Phosopographical form of the Aravelians was made by the author.

scholarly journals A living fossil fig wasp (Hymenoptera, Agaoninae) developing in extant Neotropical fig species (Moraceae: Ficus, section Pharmacosycea)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ramirez-Benavides
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Fig Wasp ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
General Morphology ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tropical America

The aim object of this work was to study five Tetrapus wasps, whose females have two mandibular appendages and hexapodous males, their fig host association and phylogenetic position in the family Agaonidae. The question of which group of fig pollinating wasps and associated figs are the sister to the rest of the pollinating agaonids and figs respectively remain open. I report about a group of New World extant Tetrapus wasps (Agaonidae:Agaoninae) assigned to Hexapus subg. nov. ined. Morphologically, ecologically, geographically and historically Hexapus seems to be the most ancestral clade of the extant Agaoninae, including Tetrapus s.s. It develops in fig species of subsection Petenenses (section Pharmacosycea). In the know extant Tetrapus s.s., the females have one mandibular appendage and the males have reduced one or two short-lobe atrophied non-functional midlegs (tetrapodous). On the contrary, Hexapus females have two functional mandibular appendages; while the males have five segmented functional mid-legs (hexapodous). Molecularly Hexapus seems to be the most ancestral clade of extant Agaoninae; e.g., Hexapus sp. of Ficus crassivenosa was molecularly placed as the most ancestral clade of 101 species, representing 19 recognized world-wide Agaoninae genera including four Tetrapus s. s. species, by other author. Two females (T. apopnus and T. delclosi) preserved in Early Miocene (Burdigalian) amber from the Dominican Republic, also have two mandibular appendages and the general morphology of extant Hexapus. It is suggested that Hexapus stands up as a living fossil and as the sister clade of Tetrapus s.s. The presence of extinct and extant Hexapus; and extant Tetrapus s.s. and their fig host species, especially in South America supports a southern Gondwanaland origin for both of them, a non-trans-Pacific migrating connection with tropical America for Pharmacosycea, long oceanic dispersal, high levels of stem extinction of Tetrapus s.s. and Atlantic land connections, as proposed by other authors. However lastly, it has been assumed that figs and their pollinators arose simultaneously in Eurasia during early Tertiary and spread southwards.

scholarly journals Phylogenomic analysis and revised classification of atypoid mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Mygalomorphae), with notes on arachnid ultraconserved element loci

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal Hedin ◽  
Shahan Derkarabetian ◽  
Adan Alfaro ◽  
Martín J. Ramírez ◽  
Jason E. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Probe Set

The atypoid mygalomorphs include spiders from three described families that build a diverse array of entrance web constructs, including funnel-and-sheet webs, purse webs, trapdoors, turrets and silken collars. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have generally supported the monophyly of Atypoidea, but prior studies have not sampled all relevant taxa. Here we generated a dataset of ultraconserved element loci for all described atypoid genera, including taxa (MecicobothriumandHexurella)key to understanding familial monophyly, divergence times, and patterns of entrance web evolution. We show that the conserved regions of the arachnid UCE probe set target exons, such that it should be possible to combine UCE and transcriptome datasets in arachnids. We also show that different UCE probes sometimes target the same protein, and under the matching parameters used here show that UCE alignments sometimes include non-orthologs. Using multiple curated phylogenomic matrices we recover a monophyletic Atypoidea, and reveal that the family Mecicobothriidae comprises four separate and divergent lineages. Fossil-calibrated divergence time analyses suggest ancient Triassic (or older) origins for several relictual atypoid lineages, with late Cretaceous/early Tertiary divergences within some genera indicating a high potential for cryptic species diversity. The ancestral entrance web construct for atypoids, and all mygalomorphs, is reconstructed as a funnel-and-sheet web.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Geographic History of Annonaceae

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Doyle ◽  
Annick Le Thomas
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Fossil Seeds ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Origin Of Angiosperms ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Whereas Takhtajan and Smith situated the origin of angiosperms between Southeast Asia and Australia, Walker and Le Thomas emphasized the concentration of primitive pollen types of Annonaceae in South America and Africa, suggesting instead a Northern Gondwanan origin for this family of primitive angiosperms. A cladistic analysis of Annonaceae shows a basal split of the family into Anaxagorea, the only genus with an Asian and Neotropical distribution, and a basically African and Neotropical line that includes the rest of the family. Several advanced lines occur in both Africa and Asia, one of which reaches Australia. This pattern may reflect the following history: (a) disjunction of Laurasian (Anaxagorea) and Northern Gondwanan lines in the Early Cretaceous, when interchanges across the Tethys were still easy and the major lines of Magnoliidae are documented by paleobotany; (b) radiation of the Northern Gondwanan line during the Late Cretaceous, while oceanic barriers were widening; (c) dispersal of African lines into Laurasia due to northward movement of Africa and India in the Early Tertiary, attested by the presence of fossil seeds of Annonaceae in Europe, and interchanges between North and South America at the end of the Tertiary.

First record of the family Ringiculidae (Gastropoda) from the Middle Tertiary of Antarctica

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
William. J. Zinsmeister ◽  
Jeffrey D. Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
First Record ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the late Mesozoic–Cenozoic family Ringiculidae (Ringicula (Ringicula) cockburnensis n. sp.) is described from basal glauconitic beds of late Eocene age of Cockburn Island, Antarctica, and is the first reported occurrence of the family Ringiculidae from the continent of Antarctica. Ringicula (R.) cockburnensis n. sp. most closely resembles R. castigata from the middle Oligocene Duntroonian Stage of New Zealand and provides further support for the strong provinciality (Weddellian Province) that existed along the southern margin of the Pacific during the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary.

III.—On Some Remains of Siluroid Fishes from British Eocene Formations

1887 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smith Woodward
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
Upper Eocene ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family

Among the early Tertiary Fishes in the British Museum, there are a number of detached spines and cranial fragments from the Middle and Upper Eocene beds of Bracklesham and Barton, which are undoubtedly referable to extinct members of the family of Siluridæ. With the exception, however, of three specimens figured and briefly noticed by Dixon in his work on the fossils of Sussex, all have remained hitherto undescribed; nor is it an easy task to base any satisfactory identifications upon such fragmentary materials.

NORTH AMERICAN WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY CHAPPUISIDIDAE MOTAS AND TANASACHI (ACARI: ARRENUROIDEA)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

AbstractMorphological and distributional data are presented for North American species of the family Chappuisididae, including members of the genera Chappuisides Szalay (subfamily Chappuisidinae), Uchidastygacarus Imamura (subfamily Uchidastygacarinae), and Morimotacarus Imamura and Yachatsia Cook (subfamily Morimotacarinae). The phylogenetic relationships of mites in these subfamilies with other Arrenuroidea are discussed, leading to the conclusion that mites previously placed in the families Chappuisididae and Uchidastygacaridae Imamura probably represent a single, holophyletic group. As a result, the family Chappuisididae is redefined, and four subfamilies are recognized, namely Chappuisidinae, Uchidastygacarinae Imamura, Tsushimacarinae Cook, and Morimotacarinae Imamura. The name Uchidastygacaridae is placed in synonymy with Chappuisididae. New diagnoses are proposed for the family and subfamilies.Adults of Chappuisides eremitus Cook are redescribed, and adults of seven new species, namely C. anomalus sp.nov., C. neomexicanus sp.nov., C. acadianus sp.nov., C. cooki sp.nov., C. occidentalis sp.nov., C. californicus sp.nov., and C. oregonensis sp. nov., are described for the first time. Deutonymphs of C. acadianus, C. cooki, and C. occidentalis are also described. A new diagnosis is proposed for the genus Chappuisides and subgeneric concepts are reviewed critically.Adults of Uchidastygacarus (Imamurastygacarus) ovalis Cook, U. (s.s.) imamurai Cook, and U. (s.s.) acadiensis Smith are redescribed, largely on the basis of recently collected specimens including the first known adult males of U. (I.) ovalis. Adult males of U. (s.s.) magnificus sp.nov., adult females of U. virginiensis sp.nov., and deutonymphs and adults of both sexes of U. appalachianus sp.nov. are described for the first time. New diagnoses are proposed for the genus Uchidastygacarus and its subgenera.Adults of Morimotacarus nearcticus sp.nov., the first known nearctic species of the genus, are described and adults of Yachatsia mideopsoides Cook are redescribed. Deutonymphs of both of these species are described for the first time. The name Yachatsia euforma Habeeb is placed in synonymy with Y. mideopsoides based on study of type specimens and assessment of variability within populations. New diagnoses are proposed for the genera of Morimotacarinae.A phylogenetic framework for Chappuisididae is outlined and discussed. New distributional data are presented for North American species, permitting the first comprehensive attempt to assess the zoogeography of the family. The family probably differentiated from early derivative mideopsiform arrenuroid stock similar to Nudomideopsidae in Laurasia during the late Cretaceous or early Tertiary. Extant subfamilies apparently originated early in Tertiary times, and the clades that include modern genera dispersed throughout western North America and eastern Asia, and in some cases more extensively on both continents, between the early Tertiary and the Pleistocene. Climatic cooling in late Tertiary times, culminating in glacial episodes during the Pleistocene, resulted in displacement of chappuisidid taxa to various refugial areas south of continental ice sheets. Modern species are in the process of invading recently deglaciated areas in both eastern and western North America, but at differing rates that reflect their vagility, cold-tolerance, and ability to colonize newly established interstitial habitats. Chappuisididae have considerable potential value as indicators of the impact of environmental changes on interstitial freshwater ecosystems.

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