scholarly journals Information for farmers and ranchers regarding tick paralysis in British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Bruce ◽  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Tick Paralysis

Experiments on Oral Secretion of the Rocky Mountain Wood Tick, Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Acarina: Ixodidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Gregson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Oral Secretion ◽  
Amblyomma Maculatum ◽  
Dermacentor Andersoni ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Tick Paralysis ◽  
Rocky Mountain Wood Tick

Tick paralysis continues to be one of the most baffling and fascinating tickborne diseases in Canada. It was first reported in this country by Todd in 1912. Since then about 250 human cases, including 28 deaths, have been recorded from British Columbia. Outbreaks in cattle have affected up to 400 animals at a time, with losses in a herd as high as 65 head. Although the disease is most common in the Pacific northwest, where it is caused by the Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni Stiles, it has lately been reported as far south as Florida and has been produced by Dermacentor variabilis Say, Amblyomma maculatum Koch, and A. americanum (L.) (Gregson, 1953). The symptoms include a gradual ascending symmetrical flaccid paralysis. Apparently only man, sheep, cattle, dogs, and buffalo (one known instance) are susceptible, but even these may not necessarily be paralysed.

Host Susceptibility to Paralysis by the Tick Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Acarina: Ixodidae)

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Gregson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Dermacentor Andersoni ◽  
Tick Paralysis

One of the objectives in the study of tick paralysis at Kamloops was to discover a species of laboratory animal that is consistently susceptible to this disease. Such an animal was needed to explore inconsistencies probably caused by differences in tick virulence or host susceptibility. Observations on infestations of adults of Dermacentor andersoni in tick paralysis areas in British Columbia, and experiments with similar ticks on large and small wild and domestic animals, have revealed the following.

Ticks in Relation to Certain Diseases of Man and Animals in Canada

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112-112
Author(s):  
J. D. Gregson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Ixodes Pacificus ◽  
Dermacentor Andersoni ◽  
Dermacentor Albipictus ◽  
Tick Paralysis

In Canada eight species of ticks are implicated with ten and possibly seventeen diseases of man and animals. The most important of these, tick paralysis, is caused by Dermacentor andersoni Stiles, and of three hundred human cases in British Columbia since 1910, thirty have been fatal. In livestock, outbreaks have involved up to four hundred cattle in a single herd, with losses of up to fifty head. Other diseases resulting from tick toxins include a paralysis of cattle by Oyobius megnini Dugès, which has caused twelve deaths since 1955; occasional deaths in deer and moose from heavy infestations of Dermacentor albipictus (Packard); and slow-healing sores in man resulting from the bites of Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of Tick Paralysis in British Columbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 821-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Morshed ◽  
Lisa Li ◽  
Min-Kuang Lee ◽  
Keerthi Fernando ◽  
Teresa Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tick Paralysis

scholarly journals On “Tick Paralysis” in Sheep and Man following Bites of Dermacentor venustus

Parasitology ◽  
1913 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour Hadwen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Tick Paralysis

“Tick paralysis” occurs in British Columbia and affects man, sheep, and probably other animals. The disease is caused by the bites of Dermacentor venustus Banks. It is usually of short duration, is benign in character, but occasionally it persists for long periods, and may terminate fatally. From an economic point of view, the disease is of some importance to the sheep industry. The causative agent has not been discovered, and the disease has not been reproduced by inoculation. The most likely hypothesis is that the tick injects a toxin which gives rise to symptoms appearing coincidentally with the complete engorgement of the tick. In three consecutive cases, experimentally produced by me in lambs, paralysis occurred six to seven days after the ticks were put on. In no case did I fail to produce paralysis through the agency of the tick bites. It has been proved that D. venustus usually bites sheep along the back-bone; possibly the point of attachment may have some bearing on the symptoms or severity of the case. It is probable that other species of ticks may produce a similar disease. No larvae or nymphs were encountered on sheep, and I have no records of their attacking man in British Columbia.

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