Sharing Teaching Ideas: Motivating Students to Learn Mathematics Using Resources from Outside the Classroom

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-280
Author(s):  
R. Michael Howe ◽  
Jennifer M. Deitte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Mathematics Courses ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Inherent Value ◽  
Teaching Ideas

Teaching required mathematics courses poses a challenge to teachers at all levels. Many of these difficulties are the result of cultural attitudes in the United States that make it socially acceptable, even trendy, to lack mathematical knowledge. Most of our students are aware of the inherent value of mathematics; but because mathematics is a subject that requires hard work, they choose to deny its importance. Our challenge is to somehow motivate students to take responsibility for their own learning. This goal is most effectively accomplished if students convince themselves that mathematics is interesting and useful.

An Analysis of Mathematics Requirements and Recommendations for Admission to PhD Programs in Economics

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Martin Milkman ◽  
Riza Marjadi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prospective Students ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Mathematics Courses ◽  
Phd Programs ◽  
Jel Classifications

This article presents an analysis of the mathematics course requirements and recommendations for prospective students seeking entry into economics PhD programs in the United States. We find that applicants must complete seven mathematics courses to safely assume that they have enough math credits for admission to most programs. Using National Research Council (NRC) rankings of economics departments according to the level of research activity, we find no strong evidence that the mathematics courses required and recommended are dependent upon the level of academic research conducted by the faculty in the respective PhD programs. JEL Classifications: A22, A23

American Dreams

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-31
Author(s):  
James C. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Dream ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
Old West

Chapter One discusses the rural roots of the men most responsible for Zev's racing career: oil tycoon Harry F. Sinclair, the owner; cantankerous trainer Sam Hildreth; and jockey Earl Sande, a budding national celebrity. Profiles in American newspapers during the buildup to the Race of the Century described the three men's rise from humble, rural roots in the American heartland using language that evoked romantic visions of the mythical American frontier and Old West. These stories of the achievement of the American Dream affirmed the notion of the United States as a place where anyone could succeed through hard work and fair play, even as the environment that had produced their ascent had, by the 1920s, become a distant memory for many, amid an increasingly bureaucratized, industrial postwar modernity in which the United States was a global superpower, trending toward oligarchy, and the world's greatest consumer of mass spectacle.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Crime Coverage
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Media Practices ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Public Right

This chapter sets up the thesis of the book: Crime coverage practices serve as a lens to consider underlying cultural attitudes to concepts like privacy, public, public right to know, and justice. Differing decisions, for example, about whether to name suspects, suggest varying beliefs about the value of privacy and the public right to know. The chapter outlines the methodology and situates the work in relation to Daniel Hallin and Paulo Mancini, whose book Comparing Media Practices influenced the selection of countries, as well as the initial premises. We name the ten countries that comprise the basis of our comparison, and briefly introduce our three media models: the Protectors (Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden), the Watchdogs (the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, and the United States), and the Ambivalents (Spain, Italy, and Portugal). The chapter concludes with a brief overview of individual book chapters.

scholarly journals Natural(ly) men: masculinity and gendered anti-ageing practices in Finland and the USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNA OJALA ◽  
TONI CALASANTI ◽  
NEAL KING ◽  
ILKKA PIETILÄ
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Global North ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACTThe neo-liberal ideologies that point to individual responsibility for risks increasingly influence countries of the global North. The anti-ageing industry reflects this dictate and encourages middle-aged people to use their products and services to manage their ageing. However, given the negative connotations attached to the term ‘anti-ageing’, which is usually seen to focus on aesthetics and thus be a woman's concern, men may be likely to disavow being involved in such activities. The article uses interview data collected from men aged 42–70 from Finland and the United States of America to explore whether and how men adhere to the call to manage their ageing when such anti-ageing activities are seen to be potentially feminising. We find that these men reflected neo-liberalism in the sense that they felt that, although ageing cannot be prevented, it can be controlled. Also while they generally rejected anti-ageing products and services that they judged to affect aesthetics, they reported that they use those that they define as promoting health and performance instead. For them, masculinity is the instrumental focus on performance to the exclusion of beauty or attractiveness. Masculine anti-ageing bodily strategies must also be ‘natural’, involving hard work rather than the use of products, which they regard as never having been scientifically proven to enhance performance. Thus, in talk of their anti-ageing, men distance themselves from women.

Undergraduate Mathematics Courses Required and Recommended for Admission to Economics PhD Programs in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Milkman ◽  
Riza Marjadi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Program Directors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Undergraduate Mathematics ◽  
Mathematics Courses ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Admissions Criteria ◽  
Phd Programs ◽  
Phd Program

This note presents a list of mathematics courses, normally taken at the undergraduate level, which are required or recommended as part of the admissions criteria for all economics PhD programs in the United States. The data in this note were gathered through a survey of PhD program directors, retrieval of data from PhD program websites, and personal conversations with PhD program directors in the United States. All of the data were collected during the spring and summer of 2016.

Survey of Developmental Mathematics Courses at Colleges in the United States

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Baldwin ◽  
Alice Berridge ◽  
Carmine Desanto ◽  
Juliana Corn ◽  
Frank Greene
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developmental Mathematics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mathematics Courses

scholarly journals A Compensatory Control Account of Meritocracy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Goode ◽  
Lucas A. Keefer ◽  
Ludwin E. Molina
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Compensatory Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
Economic Ideology ◽  
Insight Into

Why are people motivated to support social systems that claim to distribute resources based on hard work and effort, even when those systems seem unfair? Recent research on compensatory control shows that lowered perceptions of personal control motivate a greater endorsement of external systems (e.g., God, government) that compensate for a lack of personal control. The present studies demonstrate that U.S. citizens’ faith in a popular economic ideology, namely the belief that hard work guarantees success (i.e., meritocracy), similarly increases under conditions of decreased personal control. We found that a threat to personal control increased participants’ endorsement of meritocracy (Studies 1 and 2). Additionally, lowered perceptions of control led to increased feelings of anxiety regarding the future, but the subsequent endorsement of (Study 2) or exposure to (Study 3) meritocracy attenuated this effect. While the compensatory use of meritocracy may be a phenomenon unique to the United States of America, these studies provide important insight into the appeal and persistence of ideologies in general.

scholarly journals Media in the Middle East

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Abdelwahab El-Affendi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Study

As evidenced by its subtitle, this book is a mighty ambitious work. Theeditors, recognizing the "woeful lack of information on the [Middle East's]media systems," present the book as "the first comprehensive study of thestructure and functions of the mass media in the Middle East." And it tooka lot of hard work, being the "culmination of more than two years ofresearch and writing by 32 mass media scholars from across the MiddleEast and the United States."The books covers twenty-one countries. The Middle East is definedhere as most Arab countries (Morocco, Sudan, Yemen, and Somalia wereleft out) plus Iran, Turkey, Israel, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.There is no question that a serious gap in information exists in the areathe book attempts to cover. It is also safe to say that the researchersinvolved did a great job, assembling in one volume a wealth of infomiationon the structure of the media in the Middle East. One can at a glance gleanup-to-date information about what publications are produced in each country,who owns them, what radio and television channels are available, whattimes they broadcast, what regulations exist, and how the media fit in thefuller picture ...

scholarly journals Women in war work, 1914-1918

1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mary Louise Reid Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Women In War ◽  
Conditions Of Work

Contrary to the popular belief that women in factories are doing men's work, are the facts which are brought to light as the conditions of work when the factory system was established in the United States of America. It is incontestible that when the factory system was first established women were urged to go into factories. Men were engaged in agriculture and the "Friends of Industry" replied to those citizens who declared that manufactures would ruin agriculture that "not one fourth of the employees in manufacture were able-bodied men fit for famring." Economic gains were at first used as an arguement. Gallatin in 1831 "concluded that the surplus product obtained by the employment of owmen in a single cotton mill of 200 employees was $14,000 annually." Another writer in the "Boston Centinel" said "that machinery enables women and children who are unable to cultivate the earth to make us indepdent of foreign supplies." This entrance of women into factories was not a hardhsip because women had done much of the hard work of spinning and weaving in the homes, and later the famer's daughter had worked in the "manufcatures."

scholarly journals Economic Inequality and Belief in Meritocracy in the United States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Solt ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Kevan Hudson ◽  
Jungmin Song ◽  
Dong Erico Yu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Widespread Belief

How does the context of income inequality in which people live affect their belief in meritocracy, the ability to get ahead through hard work? One prominent recent study, Newman, Johnston, and Lown (2015), argues that, consistent with the conflict theory, exposure to higher levels of local income inequality lead lower-income people to become more likely to reject—and higher-income people to become more likely to accept—the dominant U.S. ideology of meritocracy. Here, we show that this conclusion is not supported by the study's own reported results and that even these results depend on pooling three different measures of meritocracy into a single analysis. We then demonstrate that analysis of a larger and more representative survey employing a single consistent measure of the dependent variable yields the opposite conclusion. Consistent with the relative power theory, among those with lower incomes, local contexts of greater inequality are associated with more widespread belief that people can get ahead if they are willing to work hard.

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