Have You Read …?

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Philip Peak
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Proof

Indirect proof has in generai always been the center of controversy. Aristotle considered it inelegant but indispensable; some have said it was inconclusive or even unnecessarv, The au thor of this article explains its indispensability and its logical legitimacy. He does this through the proof of the irrationality of .

The Fiery Test of Critique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Proops
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Philosophical Method ◽  
Indirect Proof ◽  
Precious Metal Content ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Justification Of Faith ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The book aims to provide a comprehensive study of the ‘Transcendental Dialectic’ of Kant’s first Critique. It argues that Kant conceives of ‘critique’ as a kind of winnowing exercise, aimed to separate the wheat of good metaphysics from the chaff of bad. However, he uses a less familiar metaphor to make this point, namely, that of ‘the fiery test of critique’. This turns out to be, not a medieval ordeal (a trial by fire), but rather a metallurgical assay: so-called ‘cupellation’—a procedure in which ore samples are tested for their precious-metal content. The upshot is that critique has a positive, investigatory side: it seeks not merely to eliminate the dross of bad ‘dogmatic’ metaphysics but also to uncover any hidden nuggets of value that might be contained in traditional speculative metaphysics. There are both gold and silver to be found. The gold is the indirect proof of Transcendental Idealism afforded by the resolution of the Antinomies, the silver Kant’s defence of theoretically grounded ‘doctrinal beliefs’ in a wise and great originator and in an afterlife. In the course of making these points, the book engages with Kant’s views on a number of central problems in philosophy and meta-philosophy, including: the explanation of the enduring human impulse towards metaphysics, correct philosophical method, the limits of self-knowledge, the possibility of human freedom, the resolution of metaphysical paradox (‘Antinomy’), the justification of faith, the nature of scepticism, and the role of ‘as if’ reasoning in natural science.

Preparation of Epoxide Rubber Containing Allylic Chloride

1969 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Gurgiolo
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Propylene Oxide ◽  
Indirect Proof ◽  
Zinc Oxides ◽  
Allylic Chloride

Abstract New epoxide monomers have been prepared that contain allylic chlorine. These have been copolymerized with propylene oxide to give polymers that also contain allylic chlorine. This type of propylene oxide rubber can be vulcanized with a mixture of magnesium oxide and zinc oxide eliminating the need for sulfur in the vulcanization recipe. This work presents an indirect proof of the allylic structure of neoprene and substantiates the theory of vulcanization of neoprene by magnesium and zinc oxides.

Poland

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Insolvency Law ◽  
Indirect Proof ◽  
Procedural Law

Reform of the Polish insolvency law completed on 1 January 2016 has substantially changed the legal scene in Poland with instruments available to debtors to complete a reorganisation of their business with success. The reform affected both substantive and procedural law and placed them among the most advanced in the European Union. A substantial increase in the number of opened restructuring proceedings combined with a decreased number of bankruptcy proceedings (on a year to year basis) are indirect proof that the reform has been a success.

scholarly journals Two δ-Chain Abnormal Hemoglobins in One Individual

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
TITUS H. J. HUISMAN ◽  
RALPH C. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Negro Male ◽  
Indirect Proof ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Δ Chain

Abstract Two abnormal minor hemoglobin components have been detected in the blood of a healthy Negro male. One component which was identified as the δ-chain abnormality Hb-A2' was inherited from the mother, whereas the second component, being identical with Hb-FlatbushGa, was inherited from the father. The complete absence of Hb-A2 in this individual definitely establishes the relationship of allelism between Hb-A2 and Hb-FlatbushGa. Hb-FlatbushGa, therefore, is the second hemoglobin abnormality for which indirect proof for allelism with Hb-A2 has been obtained; the discovery of three homozygous carriers of Hb-A2' (2 of these cases have been mentioned before,4 showing complete absence of Hb-A2) already established a similar relationship between Hb-A2 and Hb-A2'.

scholarly journals INDIRECT PROOF AND INVERSIONS OF SYLLOGISMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
ROY DYCKHOFF
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Proof

AbstractBy considering the new notion of the inverses of syllogisms such as Barbara and Celarent, we show how the rule of Indirect Proof, in the form (no multiple or vacuous discharges) used by Aristotle, may be dispensed with, in a system comprising four basic rules of subalternation or conversion and six basic syllogisms.

Connecting Research to Teaching: Learning and Teaching Indirect Proof

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisse R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Formal Proof ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Indirect Proof ◽  
Content Domain ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Mathematical Behavior

Proof! It is the heart of mathematics as individuals explore, make conjectures, and try to convince themselves and others about the truth or falsity of their conjecture. In fact, proving is one of the main aspects of mathematical behavior and “most clearly distinguishes mathematical behavior from scientific behavior in other disciplines” (Dreyfus et al. 1990, 126). By its nature, proof should promote understanding and thus should be an important part of the curriculum (Hanna 1995). Yet students and teachers often find the study of proof difficult, and a debate within mathematics education is currently underway about the extent to which formal proof should play a role in geometry, the content domain in which reasoning is typically studied at an intensive level (Battista and Clements 1995).

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