scholarly journals Analysis of factors that influence the employment of mothers with small children in Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Zsolt Kőmüves ◽  
Viktória Petrás ◽  
Salma Vig
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Full Life

For women with young children, work and parenting are not mutually exclusive, but both are key. Together, the two help them live a full life. At the same time, they can still face a lot of job disadvantages, and those who manage to reconcile the two may have a privileged background. Based on the literature and its further reflection, we list the factors hindering the employment chances of women with small children.

Interview Techniques vs Developmental Tests in Assessing the Intellectual Levels of Young Children

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriett E. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Psychiatric Residents ◽  
Interview Techniques ◽  
Bayley Scales

20 young children, 11 boys and 9 girls, 13 to 30 mo. of age were assessed developmentally on the Gesell Developmental Record by 2 psychiatric residents and on the Bayley scales by 2 psychologists. The psychologists and psychiatric residents also gave their opinions based on interviews of half of these children. Spearman correlations were high for Bayley and Gesell scores. Psychologists' estimates correlated better with the Bayley and the Gesell scores than did the estimates of psychiatry residents. Clearly, the structured tests were superior to interviewers' estimates in assessing the developmental level of these small children. After quite limited training, the psychiatric residents were able to use the Gesell scales effectively.

Crotamiton Cream and Lotion in the Treatment of Infants and Young Children with Scabies

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Konstantinov ◽  
L Stanoeva ◽  
S J Yawalkar
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Fifty hospitalized infants and small children in the age-group of 3 months to 2 years admitted with scabies were treated with 5 applications of either 10% crotamiton cream or lotion on consecutive days. In this trial, the second to be performed exclusively in infants and young children, an improvement in itching was observed in all patients within 3 days of starting the treatment and the examination on Day 7 showed absence of skin lesions in all patients. Crotamiton cream as well as lotion rendered a 100% cure rate. All patients, including those having secondary pyoderma and/or eczematization tolerated the treatment with crotamiton cream and lotion well and no adverse reactions, either due to the topical application or to the transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton, were reported. Post-treatment laboratory investigations did not reveal any unwanted effect due to transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton on the blood, kidneys or liver. Crotamiton is the only scabicide available today which displays not only antipruritic but also marked antibacterial properties. It is especially indicated in the treatment of scabies in children as they are very prone to secondary bacterial infection following scratching. In view of its good efficacy and excellent tolerability the 5-application treatment schedule, with crotamiton cream applied to the whole body from the chin downward, can therefore be recommended as an optimum form of treatment for scabies in infants and young children.

Focus group interview through storytelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1300-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjaša Jug ◽  
Polona Vilar
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Focus Group Interview ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Group Interview ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Books And Reading

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an adapted form of a qualitative research method, focus group interview, for use with small children and demonstrate its use in a small-scale study. Researchers often avoid direct study of children, and study them indirectly by asking adults. This was frequent before 1990s, but today, researchers increasingly discuss research with children rather than on children. Nevertheless, in research with young children it is not possible to use all research methods, therefore the authors modified and tested one. The additional research objectives, besides verification of methodology, were to determine the pre-school children’s attitudes to books, book-related places, reading. Design/methodology/approach – The adaptation of the focus group interview involved merging the content questions of the research with a story and using a toy as the storyteller. This resembled storytelling and enabled the children to directly participate by talking to the animation toy instead of the researcher. The authors tested the method on a purposive sample of 13 pre-school children aged four and five in one public kindergarten. Findings – Despite of the belief of some experts, who claim that focus group interview is not an appropriate method to explore habits or opinions of children, the authors found that adaptation of this method for the use with small children by means of storytelling and toy animation brings positive results because it enabled gathering data directly from the children. The content results show positive attitudes towards books and reading, differences in reading interests between boys and girls, daily exposure to books and reading, both in kindergarten and at home, and quite good knowledge of book-related places, especially libraries, somewhat less bookstores. Research limitations/implications – Since this is only the first attempt to use this adapted methodological approach, it is necessary that the method is tested on different user groups and in different circumstances to further validate its suitability for this user group. Regarding the content of the study, the results cannot be generalized due to non-probability purposive sampling. Originality/value – This is the first attempt to use the adapted methodological approach for researching young children. The research may serve as a beginning and incentive for further research in this area, since only high-quality results provide good modifications and adaptations of educational programmes and activities to ensure proper development of children’s reading competences and attitudes to books and reading.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RELATIONSHIPS IN EARLY INTERVENTION SERVICES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Deborah Chen
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Intervention Services ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Current Practices

In this article we discuss the problem of importance of relationship of small children and their families in the process of early intervention. The author presents theoretical basis of early intervention and also compares the current practices with those traditional clinical ones within this field.

scholarly journals Acute diarrhea in infants and young children – 3 years study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Angelica Cristina Marin ◽  
◽  
Ancuţa Ignat ◽  
Gabriela Păduraru ◽  
Vasile Valeriu Lupu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Diarrheal Episode ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Introduction and aim. Acute diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal disease in infants and young children. It is defined as an increase in the number of stools, watery, as a result of disruption of water and electrolytes transport in the gastrointestinal lumen and of the accelerated transit. Our study was retrospective, case-control type and tried to determine the cumulative risk factors underlying the emergence and evolution of diarrheal disease in infants and small children. Material and method. We studied a group of 197 children, with the age between 0-4 years, from „Sf. Maria“ Emergency Children’s Hospital from Iasi, which presented with acute diarrhea. Results. The bacterial etiology was confirmed in 44 cases. The most common germ involved was Campylobacter jejuni (27 cases). 31% of children had different degrees of dystrophy. In most cases (76%), the dehydration was isonatremic. Conclusions. In the acute diarrheal disease, dehydration remains the worst to fear consequence of this disease, but with an adequate attitude that includes restoring fluid and electrolyte balance and proper nutrition, diarrheal episode limits itself to an interval approximately of 72 hours.

scholarly journals Some Aspects of Hostility in Young Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-267
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Personality Characteristic ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Small Children

Hostility in children is a personality characteristic which causes great concern to parents, educators and others involved in child-rearing practices. There is much misunderstanding of the hostile and aggressive impulses of children and these characteristics are usually measured in terms of adult feelings. This monograph is the culmination of a study by a psychologist who attempted to scrutinize and examine the feelings of hostility in small children which was directed primarily against parents and parent-substitutes.

Increasing Vitamin a Consumption in Young Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Elena Hurtado ◽  
Eugenia de Tejada ◽  
Christa de Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Mothers And Children

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working in indigenous Mayan areas in Guatemala have included among their program goals increased consumption of vitamin A-rich foods by infants and small children. The application of international infant and child feeding recommendations at the community level is often problematic, however, and questions arise regarding the most appropriate recommendations to promote among particular social groups. The answers can depend upon the specific vitamin A-rich foods available, accessible, and acceptable to mothers and children, and on customary caring and feeding behaviors.

A bioecocultural approach to supporting adolescent mothers and their young children in conflict-affected contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Alice J. Wuermli ◽  
Hirokazu Yoshikawa ◽  
Paul D. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Stress ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Abstract An estimated 12 million girls aged 15–19 years, and 777,000 girls younger than 15 give birth globally each year. Contexts of war and displacement increase the likelihood of early marriage and childbearing. Given the developmentally sensitive periods of early childhood and adolescence, adolescent motherhood in conflict-affected contexts may put a family at risk intergenerationally. We propose that the specifics of normative neuroendocrine development during adolescence, including increased sensitivity to stress, pose additional risks to adolescent girls and their young children in the face of war and displacement, with potential lifelong consequences for health and development. This paper proposes a developmental, dual-generational framework for research and policies to better understand and address the needs of adolescent mothers and their small children. We draw from the literature on developmental stress physiology, adolescent parenthood in contexts of war and displacement internationally, and developmental cultural neurobiology. We also identify culturally meaningful sources of resilience and provide a review of the existing literature on interventions supporting adolescent mothers and their offspring. We aim to honor Edward Zigler's groundbreaking life and career by integrating basic developmental science with applied intervention and policy.

scholarly journals The Dreaded Ogress of the Tundra by N. Christopher

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Children ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Cautionary Tales ◽  
The University

Christopher, Neil.  The Dreaded Ogress of the Tundra.  Iqaluit:  Inhabit Media, 2015. PrintAmautaliit are giant ogresses who eat small children.  They roam the Arctic tundra looking for unsupervised children such as orphans or those who have wandered away from camp.  They sneak up on the children, capture and carry them away in their disgusting baskets containing rotting seaweed and giant bugs.  These stories have two themes.  First, they are cautionary tales designed to keep children from wandering away from camps and villages. Second, they usually show the children using their ingenuity or ancient magic to escape the not-too-smart amautaliit.This is an updated and revised version of Christopher’s 2009 volume, Stories of the Amautalik, which contains versions of the two stories presented in this work.  However, this edition of the book is more like a junior handbook to amautaliit (plural of amautalik). While this book has many illustrations which are appropriately dark, scary and creepy, there is much more text than one usually finds in an Inhabit Media book.  At least half of the pages are full text and like Stories of the Amautalik, the reading level is high for young children. The book includes a seven-page introduction to amautaliit, which describes who these creatures are, their clothing, their baskets, their caves and how they hunt small children.  At the end of the book there is an “Other Ogres and Ogresses” section, which gives single page, illustrated descriptions of similar creatures, including a giant spider that assumes a human-like form. Even though this is a revision of an earlier work that many libraries will have, the expanded content would make it a useful addition to libraries with children’s collections, and particularly to academic libraries that collect works on Arctic myths and legends.Highly Recommended:  4 stars out of 4Reviewer:  Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give. 

STUDIES REVEAL SUGGESTIBILITY OF VERY YOUNG WITNESSES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-479
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Small Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Repeated Questioning ◽  
The University ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
False Event

The testimony of small children has usually been considered truthful unless proved otherwise. Over the past decade such testimony has led to convictions in many child abuse cases, and the younger the child, the less likely psychologists have thought it was that information could have been fabricated. But now a series of recent studies has turned this conventional wisdom on its head. Researchers have found new evidence that persistent questioning can lead young children to describe elaborate accounts of events that never occurred, even when at first they denied them... Children Concoct Stories Certain techniques often used by investigators with young children increase the likelihood of false reports, the findings show. One is persistent, repeated questioning over periods of several weeks. When sexual abuse is suspected, children are typically asked the same questions by case workers, police investigators and to results of a study by Dr. Ceci and colleagues reported last month at a meeting on emotional memory at the University of Chicago. In the study of children from 4 to 6, parents helped researchers make a list of two events that had occurred in each child's life and eight that had not. In weekly sessions, the researchers reviewed the list with each child, asking for each event, "Has this every happened to you?"... ...By the 11th week, 56 percent of children reported at least one false event as true, and some children reported all the false events as true, Dr. Ceci said. "The more often you ask young children to think about something, the easier it becomes for them to make something up that they think is a memory," he said.

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