A safe school from the teacher's perspective

Semko Lozić

doi:10.5937/norma2001005l

A safe school from the teacher's perspective

Norma ◽

10.5937/norma2001005l ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 5-18

Author(s):

Semko Lozić

Keyword(s):

School Violence ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Safe School ◽

Peer Violence ◽

Student Violence ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

Teacher's Perspective ◽

Positive Climate

Violence is a group phenomenon. School violence is expressed in almost every environment, and we know that violent students have backup. Bullied pupils look like other children, while adults often do not notice the violence. However, the focus of prevention of peer violence is rarely on the teacher. In order to have a comprehensive picture, we will first determine the meaning of a safe school, ways of creating positive climate, look at the role of schools and teachers. The aim of the paper is to transfer basic and relevant information that will encourage the initiative for paying greater attention to the prevention of student violence in schools.

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Pulvino-cortical interaction: an integrative role in the control of attention

10.31234/osf.io/g4fn7 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alexia Bourgeois ◽

Carole Guedj ◽

Emmanuel Carrera ◽

Patrik Vuilleumier

Keyword(s):

Executive Control ◽

Sensory Information ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Cortical Circuits ◽

Attention And Executive Control ◽

Neural Communication ◽

Subcortical Regions ◽

Theoretical Proposal ◽

Selection Of

Selective attention is a fundamental cognitive function that guides behavior by selecting and prioritizing salient or relevant sensory information of our environment. Despite early evidence and theoretical proposal pointing to an implication of thalamic control in attention, most studies in the past two decades focused on cortical substrates, largely ignoring the contribution of subcortical regions as well as cortico-subcortical interactions. Here, we suggest a key role of the pulvinar in the selection of salient and relevant information via its involvement in priority maps computation. Prioritization may be achieved through a pulvinar- mediated generation of alpha oscillations, which may then modulate neuronal gain in thalamo-cortical circuits. Such mechanism might orchestrate the synchrony of cortico-cortical interaction, by rendering neural communication more effective, precise and selective. We propose that this theoretical framework will support a timely shift from the prevailing cortico- centric view of cognition to a more integrative perspective of thalamic contributions to attention and executive control processes.

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A Study on the experience of work stress and infringement of teaching authority of Elementary and Secondary School violence teachers in A City - Focusing on the School Violence Processing process, the role of teachers, and the areas of daily life-

10.31352/jer.18.4.121 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 121-149

Author(s):

Jingyong Seo ◽

Yeonu Hwang

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

School Violence ◽

Work Stress ◽

Daily Life ◽

Role Of Teachers

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Importance of Oral Health in Pregnancy: A Mini-symposium

Current Women s Health Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573404815666190107095920 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 156-158

Author(s):

Aditi Priyamvara ◽

Amit K. Dey ◽

Antara Bagchi ◽

Raveena Kelkar ◽

Rajaram Sharma

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Tooth Enamel ◽

Relevant Information ◽

The Body ◽

Systemic Impact ◽

Low Birth Weight Babies ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: It is known that hormonal imbalances during pregnancy make women more susceptible to dental problems. High levels of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy, lead to an increased inflammatory response to dental plaque thus causing predisposing to gum diseases such as gingivitis. If untreated, gingivitis leads to chronic periodontitis which may manifest systemically in form of cardiovascular, endocrine or even respiratory disorders. Also, hyperacidity in the oral cavity due to gastric reflux and vomiting leads to decreased pH thus damaging the tooth enamel making the oral cavity more prone to tooth decay and tooth loss. Studies also show that periodontal disease can also lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pre-term and low birth weight babies. Objectives: We sought to understand the role of oral health in pregnancy. Methods: We identified major articles of interest in the field of oral health in pregnancy and drafted a mini-symposium based on relevant information. Conclusion: Regular dental visits and cognizant efforts to sustain a healthy oral environment can help women in the prevention and treatment of dental issues during pregnancy. The paper highlights the common oral manifestations during pregnancy and their local and systemic impact on the body during pregnancy. Furthermore, it also emphasizes the importance of good oral health practices to counteract the oral complications and the significance of oral health awareness in pregnant women.

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The transformation of the Russian notary in the new economic realities

Public Administration ◽

10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-1-92-97 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 92-97

Author(s):

KONSTANTIN A. KORSIK ◽

◽

ANASTASIYA A. PARFENCHIKOVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Administration ◽

Relevant Information ◽

The State ◽

Technological Infrastructure ◽

Social Sphere ◽

The Social ◽

Modern Economic ◽

World Development

The article is devoted to the review of current changes in the legislation on notaries related to the development of electronic civil circulation, analysis of existing digital risks and assessment of the role of notaries in combating them. In modern economic realities, a significant expansion of the sphere of competence of the notary is carried out by introducing completely new notarial actions into the scope of the notary’s terms of reference. At the same time, the notary does not just follow the general ‘digital’ trend, but independently makes significant efforts to effectively perform the tasks of the social sphere regulator assigned to it by the state. The creation of the Unified Notary Information System as part of the formation of the technological infrastructure to ensure the security and stability of legal relations in the context of electronic civil circulation takes to a new level the quality of notarial services and the security of legally relevant information. The role of notaries significantly increases in conditions when the use of digital technologies in the economy, public administration, social sphere becomes one of the main vectors of world development, and society and the state inevitably face the flip side of this process – digital risks that jeopardize the safety of participants in civil turnover and their property. In 2020, as part of the implementation of the national program ‘Digital Economy’, it is planned to introduce a number of innovations that will create the basis for a stable and secure ‘digital’ turnover.

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The Role of Global Appearance of Omnidirectional Images in Relative Distance and Orientation Retrieval

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21103327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 3327

Author(s):

Vicente Román ◽

Luis Payá ◽

Adrián Peidró ◽

Mónica Ballesta ◽

Oscar Reinoso

Keyword(s):

Mobile Robotics ◽

A Priori ◽

Computational Cost ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Local Features ◽

New Family ◽

Lighting Conditions ◽

Omnidirectional Images ◽

Great Development

Over the last few years, mobile robotics has experienced a great development thanks to the wide variety of problems that can be solved with this technology. An autonomous mobile robot must be able to operate in a priori unknown environments, planning its trajectory and navigating to the required target points. With this aim, it is crucial solving the mapping and localization problems with accuracy and acceptable computational cost. The use of omnidirectional vision systems has emerged as a robust choice thanks to the big quantity of information they can extract from the environment. The images must be processed to obtain relevant information that permits solving robustly the mapping and localization problems. The classical frameworks to address this problem are based on the extraction, description and tracking of local features or landmarks. However, more recently, a new family of methods has emerged as a robust alternative in mobile robotics. It consists of describing each image as a whole, what leads to conceptually simpler algorithms. While methods based on local features have been extensively studied and compared in the literature, those based on global appearance still merit a deep study to uncover their performance. In this work, a comparative evaluation of six global-appearance description techniques in localization tasks is carried out, both in terms of accuracy and computational cost. Some sets of images captured in a real environment are used with this aim, including some typical phenomena such as changes in lighting conditions, visual aliasing, partial occlusions and noise.

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Diagnostic Role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in Prostate Cancer Staging: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11030552 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 552

Author(s):

Salam Awenat ◽

Arnoldo Piccardo ◽

Patricia Carvoeiras ◽

Giovanni Signore ◽

Luca Giovanella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Metastatic Disease ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Pet Ct

Background: The use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted agents for staging prostate cancer (PCa) patients using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasing worldwide. We performed a systematic review on the role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging to provide evidence-based data in this setting. Methods: A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases for studies using 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging was performed until 31 December 2020. Eligible articles were selected and relevant information was extracted from the original articles by two authors independently. Results: Eight articles (369 patients) evaluating the role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging were selected. These studies were quite heterogeneous, but, overall, they demonstrated a good diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in detecting PCa lesions at staging. Overall, higher primary PCa aggressiveness was associated with higher 18F-PSMA-1007 uptake. When compared with other radiological and scintigraphic imaging methods, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT had superior sensitivity in detecting metastatic disease and the highest inter-reader agreement. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed similar results in terms of diagnostic accuracy for PCa staging compared with PET/CT with other PSMA-targeted tracers. Dual imaging with multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT may improve staging of primary PCa. Notably, 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT may detect metastatic disease in a significant number of patients with negative standard imaging. Conclusions: 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT demonstrated a good accuracy in PCa staging, with similar results compared with other PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals. This method could substitute bone scintigraphy and conventional abdominal imaging for PCa staging. Prospective multicentric studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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Role of Physical Exercise and Nutraceuticals in Modulating Molecular Pathways of Osteoarthritis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22115722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 5722

Author(s):

Alessandro de Sire ◽

Nicola Marotta ◽

Cinzia Marinaro ◽

Claudio Curci ◽

Marco Invernizzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Molecular Pathways ◽

Epigenetic Changes ◽

Pathological Features ◽

Oxidative Signaling ◽

Cartilage Extracellular Matrix ◽

Wide Range ◽

Comprehensive Picture

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and disabling disease that affects millions of patients. Its etiology is largely unknown, but it is most likely multifactorial. OA pathogenesis involves the catabolism of the cartilage extracellular matrix and is supported by inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways and marked epigenetic changes. To delay OA progression, a wide range of exercise programs and naturally derived compounds have been suggested. This literature review aims to analyze the main signaling pathways and the evidence about the synergistic effects of these two interventions to counter OA. The converging nutrigenomic and physiogenomic intervention could slow down and reduce the complex pathological features of OA. This review provides a comprehensive picture of a possible signaling approach for targeting OA molecular pathways, initiation, and progression.

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Concurrent neuroimaging and neurostimulation reveals a causal role for dlPFC in coding of task-relevant information

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-02109-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jade B. Jackson ◽

Eva Feredoes ◽

Anina N. Rich ◽

Michael Lindner ◽

Alexandra Woolgar

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Irrelevant Information ◽

Visual Object ◽

Information Coding ◽

Frontoparietal Cortex ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

The Impact

AbstractDorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is proposed to drive brain-wide focus by biasing processing in favour of task-relevant information. A longstanding debate concerns whether this is achieved through enhancing processing of relevant information and/or by inhibiting irrelevant information. To address this, we applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during fMRI, and tested for causal changes in information coding. Participants attended to one feature, whilst ignoring another feature, of a visual object. If dlPFC is necessary for facilitation, disruptive TMS should decrease coding of attended features. Conversely, if dlPFC is crucial for inhibition, TMS should increase coding of ignored features. Here, we show that TMS decreases coding of relevant information across frontoparietal cortex, and the impact is significantly stronger than any effect on irrelevant information, which is not statistically detectable. This provides causal evidence for a specific role of dlPFC in enhancing task-relevant representations and demonstrates the cognitive-neural insights possible with concurrent TMS-fMRI-MVPA.

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