scholarly journals Actual condition of groundwater use as supplementary irrigation water resource in a paddy-dominated alluvial fan

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Kimihito NAKAMURA ◽  
Haruhiko HORINO ◽  
Takumi MATSUZAWA ◽  
Yumi YOSHIOKA ◽  
Takehide HAMA
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Groundwater Use ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation

scholarly journals Groundwater use for irrigation – a global inventory

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3977-4021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Siebert ◽  
J. Burke ◽  
J. M. Faures ◽  
K. Frenken ◽  
J. Hoogeveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Groundwater Use ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Global Inventory ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. Irrigation is the most important water use sector accounting for about 70% of the global freshwater withdrawals and 90% of consumptive water uses. While the extent of irrigation and related water uses are reported in statistical databases or estimated by model simulations, information on the source of irrigation water is scarce and very scattered. Here we present a new global inventory on the extent of areas irrigated with groundwater, surface water or non-conventional sources, and we determine the related consumptive water uses. The inventory provides data for 15 038 national and sub-national administrative units. Irrigated area was provided by census-based statistics from international and national organizations. A global model was then applied to simulate consumptive water uses for irrigation by water source. Globally, area equipped for irrigation is currently about 301 million ha of which 38% are equipped for irrigation with groundwater. Total consumptive groundwater use for irrigation is estimated as 545 km3 yr−1, or 43% of the total consumptive irrigation water use of 1 277 km3 yr−1. The countries with the largest extent of areas equipped for irrigation with groundwater, in absolute terms, are India (39 million ha), China (19 million ha) and the United States of America (17 million ha). Groundwater use in irrigation is increasing both in absolute terms and in percentage of total irrigation, leading in places to concentrations of users exploiting groundwater storage at rates above groundwater recharge. Despite the uncertainties associated with statistical data available to track patterns and growth of groundwater use for irrigation, the inventory presented here is a major step towards a more informed assessment of agricultural water use and its consequences for the global water cycle.

scholarly journals A Study of Water Resource Management in Urban and Rural Areas of Jabalpur District

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar Koshta ◽  
Ashu Jain
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

India is rich in natural water resources, but because of the uneven distribution of resources and improper management, the major part of the country suffers from drought almost every year. The present study is based upon the inappropriate management of water resources in the urban and rural area of Jabalpur. The present paper intends to find out the actual condition of management of water resources by the municipal corporation of Jabalpur, whether the citizens of Jabalpur are benefitted through the policies made by the government for the equal distribution of water resources, are the policies adequately implemented and monitored once they are made?The data has been collected from secondary and primary sources, and simple percentage method has been used to analyze the collected data. The outcome of the study reveals that the government is trying to manage the water resource and is concentrated on the equal distribution of water in both urban and rural areas. Many policies have been prepared by the local government, but ineffective monitoring is the leading cause of improper management of water resources.

Effect of Drainage Water Reuse on Supplementary Irrigation and Drainage Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1619-1626
Author(s):  
Pingjin Jiao ◽  
Yingduo Yu ◽  
Di Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Irrigation Water Requirement ◽  
Irrigation Rate ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Drainage Water Reuse

Drainage water reuse has the potential to supplement irrigation, reduce drainage, and alleviate the area source pollution caused by agricultural drainage. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of influencing factors of drainage water reuse on supplementary irrigation and drainage reduction rates. To evaluate the effects, a water balance model was constructed to describe the irrigation water requirement and drainage water storage of a pond. The irrigation water requirement was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation and the crop coefficient method while considering field leakage and effective rainfall; the drainage water volume was calculated using the improved Soil Conservation Service (SCS) model. The model was applied to the rice planting area in the Zhanghe Reservoir Irrigation District. Simulation results show that the supplementary irrigation and drainage reduction rates are primarily affected by the ratio of irrigation to drainage areas (RID), the pond volume ratio (PV), and the initial storage ratio (PSi); interactions among the three parameters are also observed. The RID, PV, and PSi contribute approximately 4:3:1 to the average variations in the supplementary irrigation rate. The supplementary irrigation rate increases with the values of PV and PSi but decreases with the increases of RID. For the drainage reduction rate variation, the average contribution percentages of PV and RID are 70% and 10%, respectively. Increasing PV and RID or reducing PSi enhances the drainage reduction rate. Adjusting the combination of parameters PV and RID can simultaneously maximize the supplementary irrigation and drainage reduction rates. Keywords: Drainage reduction, Drainage water reuse, Pond, Supplementary irrigation, Water balance model.

scholarly journals The Response of Water and Nutrient Dynamics and of Crop Yield to Conservation Agriculture in the Ethiopian Highlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay A. Belay ◽  
Tewodros T. Assefa ◽  
P. V. Vara Prasad ◽  
Petra Schmitter ◽  
Abeyou W. Worqlul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation

Smallholder agriculture constitutes the main source of livelihood for the Ethiopian rural community. However, soil degradation and uneven distribution of rainfall have threatened agriculture at present. This study is aimed at investigating the impacts of conservation agriculture on irrigation water use, nutrient availability in the root zone, and crop yield under supplementary irrigation. In this study, conservation agriculture (CA), which includes minimum soil disturbance, grass mulch cover, and crop rotation, was practiced and compared with conventional tillage (CT). We used two years’ (2018 and 2019) experimental data under paired-t design in the production of a local variety green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The results showed that CA practices significantly (α = 0.05) reduced irrigation water use (13% to 29%) and runoff (29% to 51%) while it increased percolated water in the root zone (27% to 50%) when compared with CT practices under the supplementary irrigation phase. In addition, CA significantly decreased NO3-N in the leachate (14% to 44%) and in the runoff (about 100%), while PO4-P significantly decreased in the leachate (33% to 50%) and in the runoff (16%) when compared with CT. Similarly, CA decreased the NO3-N load in the leachate and in the runoff, while the PO4-P load increased in the leachate but decreased in the runoff. The yield return that was achieved under CA treatment was 30% higher in 2018 and 10% higher in 2019 when compared with the CT. This research improves our understanding of water and nutrient dynamics in green pepper grown under CA and CT. Use of CA provides opportunities to optimize water use by decreasing irrigation water requirements and optimize nutrient use by decreasing nutrient losses through the runoff and leaching.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Efisiensi Penggunaan Air Irigasi Melalui Penerapan Iuran Irigasi Berbasis Nilai Ekonomi Air Irigasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
NFN Sumaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Water Pricing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Water Charges ◽  
The Future

<strong>English</strong><br />Demand for irrigation water will increase in line with toting up cultivation area of rice required in the future. On the other hand, water quantity should be allocated to fulfil water demand of non-agricultural sectors which are also steadily increased. It implies that water available for irrigation will be scarcer, and therefore, utilization of irrigation water resource should be carried out in a more efficient way. It might be feasible to apply economic value of the irrigation water as a basis of water pricing. As an economic incentive, this approach could meet water charges paid by the farmers and the quantity of water used and the marjinal value product of the irrigation water. Aggregation of crops and its cultivation periods in the form of smaller groups will simplify its field applications.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Di masa mendatang permintaan air irigasi akan terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan luas tanam padi yang diperlukan. Di sisi lain, volume air yang harus dialokasikan untuk memenuhi permintaan dari sektor non pertanian semakin meningkat pula. Implikasinya, pasokan air irigasi semakin langka. Oleh karena itu peningkatan efisiensi penggunaan air irigasi harus dilakukan. Penciptaan insentif ekonomi melalui penentuan besaran iuran irigasi berbasis nilai ekonomi air irigasi merupakan pendekatan yang layak ditempuh. Dengan pendekatan ini, nilai iuran irigasi yang dibebankan kepada petani sebanding dengan volume air yang digunakan dan nilai produk marjinal air irigasi. Penerapannya di lapangan dapat disederhanakan dengan melakukan pengelompokan komoditas usahatani dan jadwal pengusahaannya.

scholarly journals An Optimization-Evaluation Agricultural Water Planning Approach Based on Interval Linear Fractional Bi-Level Programming and IAHP-TOPSIS

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Ping Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Planning Under Uncertainty ◽  
Interval Linear

In this study, an interval linear fractional bi-level programming (ILFBP) model was developed for managing irrigation-water resources under uncertainty. The ILFBP can fully address system fairness, uncertainties, and the leader–follower relationship of decision makers in the optimization process, which can better reflect the complexity of real decision-making process and help formulate reasonable water policies. An interactive fuzzy coordination algorithm based on satisfaction degree was introduced to solve the ILFBP model. In order to evaluate the applicability of optimization schemes, the interval analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) and the interval technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method were integrated as IAHP-TOPSIS. To verify its validity, the developed optimization-evaluation framework was applied to an irrigation water management case study in the middle reaches of the Shiyang River Basin, located in the northwest China. The ILFBP model results show that the total water allocation is [6.73, 7.37] × 108 m3, saving nearly 0.9 × 108 m3 more than the current situation. The benefit per unit of water is [2.38, 2.95] yuan/m3, nearly 0.4 yuan/m3 more than the status quo, and the Gini coefficient is within a reasonable range of [0.35, 0.38]. The ILFBP model can well balance economic benefits and system fairness. Through the evaluation bases on IAHP-TOPSIS, the results of ILFBP show better water allocation effects and applicability than the other two models in this study area. Furthermore, due to various characteristics such as geographical location, population and area, there are three irrigation districts, Xiying, Donghe, and Qinghe, showing higher importance than others when considering regional water allocation. These findings can provide useful information for limited water resource managers and help decision makers determine effective alternatives of water resource planning under uncertainty.

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