scholarly journals Characterization of residual biomass from the harvest of Eucalyptus saligna for thermal conversion processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e13
Author(s):  
Joyce Helena da Silveira ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Thomé Dorneles ◽  
Victor Hugo Andreis Sebben ◽  
Fabiano Perin Gasparin ◽  
Lúcia Allebrandt da Silva Ries
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Eucalyptus Saligna ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Eucalyptus Wood

Considering the increasing need for renewable products, the present work aims to evaluate the physical-chemical properties of the eucalyptus harvest residues and its constituent fractions individually (barks, leaves, and branches), through proximate, ultimate, energetic and thermal analyzes. The biomass studied was Eucalyptus saligna species, cultivated mainly for the production of pulp and paper. The proximate analysis of the residue resulted in the moisture content of 10.1%, ash content of 3.9%, volatile materials about 81.1%, and fixed carbon of 15.0%, showing similar values to the constituent fractions. The ultimate analysis of the residue resulted in 46.5% of carbon content, 5.8% of hydrogen, and 43.2% of oxygen. The high heating value (HHV) for the residue is 17.93 MJ/kg, comparable to other biomasses of importance, including eucalyptus wood, the noblest part of the forest cultivation. The thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were carried out and the resulting thermograms show three main ranges of biomass degradation. The first range, from 30 to 150 °C, corresponds to the drying of the material; in the range from 200 to 325 °C hemicelluloses degrade, with partial degradation of lignin and cellulose, and in the range from 325 to 380 °C, the majority of cellulose degradation takes place. The physical-chemical data demonstrate that the eucalyptus residue is an excellent source of biomass for thermal conversion processes. Obtaining products with higher added value from this residue contributes to the implementation of new technological practices that link economic development to environmental responsibility.

Characterization of a Spray-Dried Soymilk Powder and Changes Observed During Storage

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Osthoff ◽  
A. Hugo ◽  
P. van Wyk ◽  
M. de Wit ◽  
S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
High Level

Physical characterization of a soymilk powder was carried out by electron microscopy. Chemical characterization was analyzed by proximate analysis, mineral composition by atomic absorption spectrometry, fatty acid composition by gas chromatography and protein composition by electrophoresis. The powder consists of large granules of 60—80 μm, which may be hollow, with smaller granules of 10—20 μm attached to them. Powder particles are covered by a layer of fat. During storage at 25 °C fat is spreading over the surface, while at —12 °C the fat is contracting. This change affected chemical stability, resulting in high level of fat oxidation when stored at 4 °C or 25 °C as well as a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids. Storage also affected the chemical properties of the re-constituted soymilk; the pH of a 12% soy powder suspension increased from 6.68±0.05 to 7.06±0.08 after 12 months of storage. Storage temperature did not affect the pH of the suspension and this change could also not be ascribed to protein aggregation.

scholarly journals Rapid enrichment of peptides with calcium-chelating capacity and characterization of physical chemical properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-476
Author(s):  
S.F. Wu ◽  
W. Qi ◽  
Y.F. Wang ◽  
R.X. Su ◽  
Z.M. He
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical

Preparation of High Heating Value Gas, High Quality Bio-Oil and Added Value Carbon Materials from Caragana Pyrolyzed via Super-High Temperature Steam

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2152-2161
Author(s):  
Jun Li Liu ◽  
Jian Chun Jiang ◽  
Wei Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
High Temperature Steam

Caragana is an abundant plant as the feedstock of biomass energy in China. In this study, pyrolysis of Caragana in the presence of high temperature medium and characterization of products has been carried out. Evaluation of experimental results showed that faster devolatilization and char with increased surface area obtained in the presence of high temperature steam comparing to N2. Analysis of the obtained liquid revealed that the H/C and O/C ratios in the liquid are 1.5 and 0.16 respectively. Further more gas composition during high temperature steam pyrolysis differs from gas composition derived from N2pyrolysis which indicates interaction of steam with vapors and solid species even at low treatment temperatures. The derived products’ yields and characteristics indicate possible exploitation of derived char as activate carbon precursor. Liquid fraction composition makes it suitable for exploitation as liquid fuel and/or chemical feedstock.

scholarly journals Industrial Gelatin from Leather Chrome Shavings Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043
Author(s):  
Nabil H Elsayed ◽  
Ghada M. Taha ◽  
Ola A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Alkali Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A step towards minimizing the environmental pollution of leather tanning , leather chrome shavings wastes were treated with Li2CO3 to extract technical or industrial gelatin as an added value material. Isolation and characterization of gelatin obtained from chrome-tanned shavings were done. The alkali hydrolysis products obtained, showed good physical and chemical properties in terms of gel strength, swelling and thermal stability. The optimum hydrolysis conditions using Li2CO3 were found to be 5 hr. extraction at 80°C, swelling time of one day and pH 9.5. The yield was over one third of the original starting waste material.

scholarly journals Computational Design and Development of Benzodioxane-Benzamides as Potent Inhibitors of FtsZ by Exploring the Hydrophobic Subpocket

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Valentina Straniero ◽  
Victor Sebastián-Pérez ◽  
Lorenzo Suigo ◽  
William Margolin ◽  
Andrea Casiraghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Z Ring ◽  
Prokaryotic Protein ◽  
Ftsz Inhibitors

Multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a severe threat, responsible for most of the nosocomial infections globally. This resistant strain is associated with a 64% increase in death compared to the antibiotic-susceptible strain. The prokaryotic protein FtsZ and the cell division cycle have been validated as potential targets to exploit in the general battle against antibiotic resistance. Despite the discovery and development of several anti-FtsZ compounds, no FtsZ inhibitors are currently used in therapy. This work further develops benzodioxane-benzamide FtsZ inhibitors. We seek to find more potent compounds using computational studies, with encouraging predicted drug-like profiles. We report the synthesis and the characterization of novel promising derivatives that exhibit very low MICs towards both methicillin-susceptible and -resistant S. aureus, as well as another Gram positive species, Bacillus subtilis, while possessing good predicted physical-chemical properties in terms of solubility, permeability, and chemical and physical stability. In addition, we demonstrate by fluorescence microscopy that Z ring formation and FtsZ localization are strongly perturbed by our derivatives, thus validating the target.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICA E QUÍMICA DA BIOMASSA USADA COMO COMBUSTÍVEL SÓLIDO EM UMA CALDEIRA

Química Nova ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Carvalho ◽  
João Barros ◽  
Diego Silva ◽  
Gabriela Nakashima ◽  
Fábio Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Moisture Determination ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOMASS USED AS SOLID FUEL IN A BOILER. Biomass is a renewable energy source most used in the world, however, depending on the chemical properties and origin of the material used as biofuel, the amount of ash generated during combustion can be high, harming the energetic harnessing. The objective of this study was to characterize chemically and physically biomass: bark, sawdust, and urban pruning; used for energy generation. Also, part of the study was the physical characterization of briquettes produced from these materials. The analyzes performed to characterize the biomass were: moisture determination, higher heating value, proximate analysis and chemical composition - extractives, lignin and holocellulose contents. Subsequently, the biomass was briquetted and the mechanical properties of the briquettes were tested. The results showed that all biomass (bark, sawdust, and urban pruning) has the energy potential to be used in the industry. T1 briquettes (100% bark) showed the highest mechanical resistance. However, the formation of blends should be sought to minimize the ash content in the boiler. Thus, blends T2 and T3 can be considered as the best alternatives for the company.

scholarly journals Glycosylated-Chitosan Derivatives: A Systematic Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Sacco ◽  
Michela Cok ◽  
Francesca Scognamiglio ◽  
Chiara Pizzolitto ◽  
Federica Vecchies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Chitosan Derivatives ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Biomedical Field

Chitosan derivatives, and more specifically, glycosylated derivatives, are nowadays attracting much attention within the scientific community due to the fact that this set of engineered polysaccharides finds application in different sectors, spanning from food to the biomedical field. Overcoming chitosan (physical) limitations or grafting biological relevant molecules, to mention a few, represent two cardinal strategies to modify parent biopolymer; thereby, synthetizing high added value polysaccharides. The present review is focused on the introduction of oligosaccharide side chains on the backbone of chitosan. The synthetic aspects and the effect on physical-chemical properties of such modifications are discussed. Finally, examples of potential applications in biomaterials design and drug delivery of these novel modified chitosans are disclosed.

scholarly journals Physical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Two-Age Bambusa tuldoides Briquettes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Dunja Zoe Powroschnik ◽  
Emanuel Rangel Spadim ◽  
Humberto Jesus Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Elaine Cristina Leonello ◽  
Saulo Philipe Sebastião Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The use of natural resources as an energy source is a well-studied alternative to fossil fuels. Some studies present bamboo as promising biomass for energy generation, and its transformation into briquettes can be a way to take advantage of its production residues. This study’s objective was to determine the physical and chemical properties of two bamboo ages (two and seven years old) of Bambusa vulgaris species to evaluate biomass quality and its briquettes for energy generation. Regarding the higher heating value, there was no difference between treatments means values, which were 17.8 and 18.2 MJ kg−1 for two and seven years old, respectively, and these values were slightly below those found in the literature for Bambusa spp. The mechanical durability was of low quality for both treatments at the testing conditions, so they are not recommended for briquette production. The proximate analysis results were quite near the literature and reinforce bamboo’s positive qualities for biofuel usage.

scholarly journals Geotechnical and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Low Lime Fly Ashes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Ali Baig Moghal
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In order to explore the possibility of using low-lime fly ashes, the physical and chemical properties which have a direct bearing on their geotechnical and geoenvironmental behaviors have been investigated. In this paper, two types of low-lime fly ashes, originating from India, have been used. A brief account of various methods adopted in characterizing their physical, chemical, and geotechnical properties is presented. The relative importance of each of these properties in enhancing the bulk applicability of fly ashes has been brought out.

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