scholarly journals Smallholder farmers perceptions on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)-based cropping systems: A case study of Chisamba District, Zambia

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 298-307
Author(s):  
CHIRWA Meki ◽  
P MREMA Jerome ◽  
W MTAKWA Peter ◽  
K KAAYA Abel ◽  
I LUNGU Obed
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Evaluation and Release of Two Peanut Cultivars: A Case Study of Partnerships in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Owusu–Akyaw ◽  
M.B. Mochiah ◽  
J.Y. Asibuo ◽  
K. Osei ◽  
A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Feed The Future

ABSTRACT New technologies combined with improved genetics and farmer access are important components required to improve productivity and efficiencies of cropping systems. The ability of the public and private sector to provide these components to farmers often vary considerably and can be challenging because of limited resource allocation and investment in institutions designed to provide these services. Partnerships among national programs where resources are limited and external entities can provide an effective platform to deliver improved cultivars and production and pest management practices that increase crop yield and economic viability of resource-poor farmers. In this note, we describe a partnership between the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Crops Research Institute (CSIR-CRI) in Ghana, the International Center for Research in the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), the US Agency for International Development Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program (USAID Peanut CRSP), the Feed the Future Innovation Lab on Peanut Productivity and Mycotoxin Control (PMIL), and North Carolina State University (NCSU) that resulted in the release of two ICRISAT-derived lines as cultivars to farmers in Ghana. The cultivars Otuhia (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Yenyawoso (Arachis hypogaea L.) were released by CSIR-CRI in 2012 following evaluations of breeding lines beginning in 1999. This case study provides insight into the research focus and timeline that occurred with this partnership during the research and development process. A portion of the data obtained to support release of these cultivars is provided.

Survey of Weeds and Management Practices in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the Savanna Ecology of Ghana1

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Dzomeku ◽  
M. Abudulai ◽  
R. L. Brandenburg ◽  
D. L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Vernonia Galamensis ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the most popular legume cultivated for food and cash in the Guinea and Sudan savannah ecologies of northern Ghana. A three-year survey was conducted between 2003 and 2005 to: (1) document the prevalence of weed species, (2) determine current cropping systems and weed management practices, and (3) assess the response of peanut to weed management practices. Flora with more than 5% dominance included: (1) the dicotyledonous weeds, Corchorus olitorius L. Commelina benghalensis L., Commelina diffusa Burm., f, Desmodium scorpluras (Sw.) Desv., Hyptis suoveolens Poit., Mimosa invisa Mart., Mimosa pigra L., Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC., Oldenlandia corymbosa L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn., Scoparia dulcis L., Tridax procumbens L., Triumfeta cordiflora A. Rich., and Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.; (2) the monocotyledonous weeds Axonopus compresus (Sw.) P. Beauv., Cyperus esculentus L., Cyperus rotundus L., Digitaria horizontalisWilld., Eragrostis tremula Hochst. Ex Steud., Hackelochloa granularis (L.) O. Ktze., Kyllinga erecta Schumach. Var., Kyllinga squamulata Thonn. Ex Vahl., Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton, and Setaria pallide-fusca (Schum.) Stapf. & C.E. Hubbard; and (3) the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. Land preparation practices included the use of tractors, followed by use of livestock, and lastly hand preparation. Cropping systems consisted of cereals preceding peanut, peanut preceding peanut, and intercropping peanut with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.), millet (Pennisetum Americanum L.), or corn (Zea mays L.). Genetically-improved peanut cultivars expressing bunch or erect growth habits were the most common cultivars although some farmers planted local cultivars expressing a distinct runner growth habit. The majority of farmers planted peanut from early June to early July based on rainfall pattern. Eighty-eight percent of peanut fields were hand weeded once, 3 to 5 weeks after planting (WAP) or twice, 2 to 3 and 5 to 6 WAP. Weed management was generally poorly timed and insufficient to prevent significant weed interference resulting in total oven-dried weed biomass ranging from 600 to 2400 kg/ha at harvest. Peanut haulm production ranged from 500 to 5500 kg/ha with improved cultivars. Pod yield production ranged from 200 to 1680 kg/ha. Results from this survey revealed the need for accelerated research and capacity building of farmers and agricultural extension agents for improved technology transfer to the peanut industry in the region.

scholarly journals Impact of Fungicides Chlorothalonil and Propiconazole on Microbial Activities in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Ramudu ◽  
G. Jaffer Mohiddin ◽  
M. Srinivasulu ◽  
M. Madakka ◽  
V. Rangaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Introduction of agrochemicals (fungicides) into soil may have lasting effects on soil microbial activities and thus affect soil health. In order to determine the changes in microbial activity in a black clay and red sandy loam soils of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivated fields, a case study was conducted with propiconazole and chlorothalonil to evaluate its effects on soil enzymes (cellulase and invertase) throughout 40 days of incubation under laboratory conditions with different concentrations (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 kg ha−1). Individual application of the two fungicides at 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 kg ha−1 to the soil distinctly enhanced the activities of cellulase and invertase but at higher concentrations of 7.5 and 10 kg ha−1 was toxic or innocuous to both cellulase and invertase activities. In soil samples receiving 2.5–5.0 kg ha−1 of the fungicides, the accumulation of reducing sugar was pronounced more at 20 days, and the activity of the cellulase and invertase was drastically decreased with increasing period of incubation up to 30 and 40 days.

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE CACAHUATE (Arachis hypogaea L.) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES DOSIS DE GIBERELINA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. García Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Objetivo: Evaluar la germinación de cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea L.) mediante el uso de diferentes dosis de ácido giberélico (GA3). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos con 20 repeticiones. Tratamiento 1: 0.05gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 2: 0.10gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 3: 0.15gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3) y Tratamiento 0: Testigo. Se utilizaron semillas de cacahuate de la variedad Virginia. Los parámetros a evaluar fueron, la altura de plántula, número de hojas, medida de raíz y biomasa.  Las medias fueron comparadas por la prueba de Tukey a un nivel del 5% de confianza. Resultados: Los tratamientos indicaron que el Tratamiento 0 (Testigo) obtuvo un porcentaje de germinación de 85%, siendo mayor que el tratamiento 3 (0.15gr/L de GA3) con un 75% de germinación, sin embargo, el tratamiento 1 (0.05gr/L de GA3) y 2 (0.10gr/L de GA3) presentaron una mejor respuesta al obtener un 95% de germinación cada uno. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El tratamiento 3 causa efectos negativos en la germinación de la planta. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es necesario dar seguimiento a la investigación para un mejor control del ambiente y ampliar las dosis de GA3, así como aumentar la velocidad de germinación aplicando 0.15gr/L de GA3.

QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE AMENDOIM (Arachis hypogaea L.) ARMAZENADAS

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diniz ◽  
C.L. Silva ◽  
M.B. Muniz ◽  
V.P. Queiroga ◽  
R.L.A. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) terhadap Sistem Tanam Alur dan Pemberian Jenis Pupuk

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Rizal Mahdi Kurniawan ◽  
Heni Purnamawati ◽  
Yudiwanti Wahyu E. K
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem tanam alur dan pemberian jenis pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP Leuwikopo IPB Dramaga, Bogor pada bulan Februari - Juni 2013. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu sistem tanam alur sebagai petak utama dan jenis pupuk sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan sistem tanam alur meningkatkan daya hasil pada produktivitas biji kering, produktivitas polong kering, dan bobot kering biji per tanaman lebih baik dibandingkan sistem tanam konvensional. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan perlakuan sistem tanam alur yang memiliki produktivitas 2.93 ton/ha polong kering, sedangkan sistem tanam konvensional sebesar 2.55 ton/ha polong kering. Sistem budidaya kacang tanah pada sistem tanam alur dapat meningkatkan efisiensi tanaman dalam memanfaatkan unsur hara yang telah diberikan baik pupuk organik maupun anorganik, sehingga pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang tanah menjadi lebih baik. Pemberian jenis pupuk kandang ayam + Dolomit + NPK memberikan respon terhadap pertumbuhan dan  daya hasil rata-rata tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis pupuk lainnya.</em></p>

Comparison of foliar and soil applications for correction of iron deficiency in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Akhtar ◽  
Nazneen Bangash ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal ◽  
Armghan Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L
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