scholarly journals Effects of aqueous root bark extract of Citropsis articulata (Swingle Kellerman) on sexual function in male rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oloro Joseph ◽  
E Alele Paul ◽  
Amanya Martin ◽  
K Tanayen Julius ◽  
O Chukwujekwu Ezeonwumelu Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark

scholarly journals Morus alba Prevented the Cyclophosphamide Induced Somatic and Germinal Cell Damage in Male Rats by Ameliorating the Antioxidant Enzyme Levels

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ghosh ◽  
Syed Imam Rabbani ◽  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Yahya Mohzari ◽  
Ahmed Alrashed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Germinal Cell ◽  
Nuclear Damage

Cytogenetic analysis is essential to determine the effect of mutagens and antimutagens on genetic material. This study was done to evaluate the protective effect of root bark extract of Morus alba (M. alba) against cyclophosphamide induced somatic and germinal cell damage in male rats. The ethanolic extract of M. alba (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg, 2 weeks) was evaluated against cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg, single dose) induced nuclear damage. The sampling was done after 48 h of the clastogen treatment. The somatic and germinal nuclear damage was studied by bone marrow micronucleus and sperm analysis, respectively. Serum superoxide and catalase levels were estimated to determine the antioxidant status in each group. The results were analyzed statistically to find the significant variation. The administration of M. alba for 2 weeks suppressed dose-dependently the changes induced by cyclophosphamide. M. alba (0.5 g/kg) decreased the frequency of micronucleated erythrocyte, sperm shape abnormality and enhanced the sperm count, sperm motility and polychromatic-normochromatic erythrocytes ratio significantly (p < 0.05) in comparison with the cyclophosphamide treated group. The highest tested dose of M. alba (1 g/kg) produced more prominent suppression (p < 0.01) in the cyclophosphamide-induced somatic and germinal cell defects. The results also showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the serum antioxidant enzymes levels with M. alba when compared with the challenge group. The lower dose of M. alba extract (0.25 g/kg) prevented the CP-induced changes but was found to be statistically insignificant. Therefore, antimutagenic potential of the high dose of the extract of M. alba is possibly due to its antioxidant nature. The ability of the M. alba extract to prevent the nuclear damage could play an important role in overcoming several mutational defects that are associated with anticancer chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Spathodea companulata (African tulip tree) stem and root barks extracts ameliorated N-nitroso diethylamine induced hepatic impairment in male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Bala Muhammed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Hepatic Impairment ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Spathodea campanulata Beauv. is an important plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatic disease. In the present study, we evaluate the phytochemical composition and hepatoprotective potential effect of the stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata on dimethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatic impairment in albino rats. Phytochemical compositions were analyzed using standard protocols. Forty-five male rats were grouped into 9 (A-I) of 5 rats each. Groups A-F were treated with stem bark extract, root bark extract, quercetin, DEN + stem bark extract, DEN + root bark extract, DEN + quercetin respectively while groups G-1 serve as control groups and were treated with corn oil only (Vehicle control), DEN only (Toxicant control), and distilled water (normal control) respectively. DEN was given at 25 mg/kg b.w., i.p on a weekly basis while all treatments were administered at 100 mg/kg BW orally for 60 days. Serum transaminase activities, body weight, and liver body weight ratio were evaluated. Results revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinone, steroids, and flavonoids in stem bark extract of Spathodea companulata, while the root bark contains cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinonoid, steroids, and flavonoid. The DEN non-treated rat exhibited significant (p<0.05) weight loss and increase serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities when compared with the normal control. Treatment with stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata significantly ameliorated the toxicant induce alterations in the transaminase activity and body weight loss when compared with the DEN nontreated rats. In conclusion, this study provides scientific validation of the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the management of hepatic disorders

scholarly journals Teratogenic Effect of Crude Ethanolic Root Bark and Leaf Extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria (Apocynaceae) on the Liver of Albino Wistar Rat Fetuses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokutima A Eluwa ◽  
Theresa B Ekanem ◽  
Paul B Udoh ◽  
Amabe O Akpantah ◽  
Moses B Ekong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Rauwolfia Vomitoria

Objectives: Rauwolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant which is used locally for the treatment of a variety of disorders including snake and insect bites and stings, insomnia and insanity. This study was to investigate the teratogenic effect of the ethanolic root bark extract of R. vomitoria on the fetal liver. Material and methods: Twenty-five virgin female Wistar rats weighing between 180 – 200g were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups, labeled A, B, C, D and E, each consisting of 5 rats. Group A rats were the control, while Groups B, C, D and E were the experimental. The female rats at proestrous were mated with sexually matured male rats. The day after was designated as day zero of pregnancy. Groups B and C animals received oral doses of 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg body weight of the root bark extract while groups D and E animals received 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg body weight of the leaf extract respectively from 7th to 11th day of gestation. On the 20th day of gestation, the rats were sacrificed and the fetuses examined for gross anomalies. Each liver was routinely processed using Haematoxylin and Eosin method. Results: Histological observations of the fetal liver showed marked distortion of normal liver architecture in the treated groups when compared with the control, the effect being more pronounced in the groups that received the root bark extract. Conclusions: Our result suggests that ethanolic root bark and leaf extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria maybe hepatotoxic to the developing rats liver. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6848   Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 30-34

scholarly journals Vascular Protection by Ethanol Extract of Morus alba Root Bark: Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rat Aorta and Decrease of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Panth ◽  
Keshav Raj Paudel ◽  
Dal-Seong Gong ◽  
Min-Ho Oak
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Morus alba (white mulberry) is native to the northern part of Korea and popularly used as a traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits against human’s disease. However, the possibility that M. alba may also affect the cardiovascular system remains unexplored. This study sought to investigate the vascular protective effects of the root bark extract of M. alba (MAE). Vascular reactivity was performed in organ baths using isolated rat thoracic aorta, while platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and wound healing assay, respectively. MAE evoked a concentration dependent vasorelaxation following endothelium-dependent pathway. However, vessel relaxations in response to MAE were markedly reduced after endothelium removal; treatment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and nonspecific potassium channel inhibitor, however, was not altered by cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Furthermore, MAE also significantly blunted contractile response to vasoconstrictor agent, phenylephrine. Taken together, the current evidence revealed that MAE is a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator and this effect was involved in, at least in part, nitric oxide cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway in combination with potassium (K+) channel activation. Moreover, MAE inhibited proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by PDGF. Therefore, MAE could be a promising candidate of natural medicine for preventing and controlling cardiovascular diseases linked with endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal effects of ethyl acetate root bark extract of Terminalia avicennioides on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Ekene Ugochukwu Adim ◽  
Emeka John Dingwoke ◽  
Fatima Amin Adamude ◽  
Chidi Edenta ◽  
Ndubuisi Nwobodo Nwobodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Bactericidal Effects

Effect of Morus alba root bark extract on gene-level expression of inflammatory markers in rats subjected to ethanol and cerulein induced pancreatitis– influence of heat shock protein 70

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Yuvaraj ◽  
Arumugam Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Caspase 1

Abstract Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a persistent inflammation of the pancreas clinically presented with severe abdominal pain, progressive fibrosis, and loss of exocrine and endocrine functions. Inflammasomes, cytosolic multiprotein complexes which regulate the formation of proinflammatory cytokines, are influenced by various factors including heat shock proteins (HSPs). Morus alba L., or white mulberry root bark is a valued traditional Asian medicine with a diverse array of phytochemicals. The aim of this investigation was to define the modulatory action of methanolic extract of Morus alba root bark (MEMARB) on NLRP3 inflammasome, and HSPs in pancreas subjected to inflammatory insult. Methods Pancreatitis was induced in male albino Wistar rats by ethanol (0–36%) and cerulein (20 µg/kg b.wt., i.p.) for 5 weeks with or without MEMARB administration. Serum lipase/amylase (L/A) ratio, oxidative stress index (OSI) and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio in the pancreas were evaluated. Levels of serum HSP70 was quantified by ELISA. NF-kappa B, NLRP3-ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and HSP70 gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results L/A ratio and oxidative stress determined in terms of OSI and GSH/GSSG ratio were elevated in pancreatitis-induced rats. The levels were restored in MEMARB co-administered animals. Serum level of HSP70 was increased in pancreatitis-induced animals and dropped significantly in MEMARB co-administrated rats. Pancreatitis-induced group showed increased expression of NF-kappa B, IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, NLRP3-ASC and HSP70 mRNA than in MEMARB treated group. Conclusions It can be concluded that the M. alba root extract modulates the expression of HSP70 and NLRP3-ASC which might be attributed to its pancreato-protective effect.

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