Characterization of drug-resistance and molecular epidemiology of Enterobacter cloacae among patients with clinical infections in a teaching hospital, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Multiple Myeloma Stem Cell-Like Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3523
Author(s):  
Wancheng Guo ◽  
Haiqin Wang ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Xiaokai Shen ◽  
Boxin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
High Relapse Rate ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell tumor of the blood system with high incidence and poor prognosis. With a further understanding of the pathogenesis of MM and the bone marrow microenvironment, a variety of adjuvant cell therapies and new drugs have been developed. However, the drug resistance and high relapse rate of MM have not been fundamentally resolved. Studies have shown that, in patients with MM, there is a type of poorly differentiated progenitor cell (MM stem cell-like cells, MMSCs). Although there is no recognized standard for identification and classification, it is confirmed that they are closely related to the drug resistance and relapse of MM. This article therefore systematically summarizes the latest developments in MMSCs with possible markers of MMSCs, introduces the mechanism of how MMSCs work in MM resistance and recurrence, and discusses the active pathways that related to stemness of MM.

scholarly journals Characterization of resistance mechanisms of Enterobacter cloacae Complex co-resistant to carbapenem and colistin

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixing Liu ◽  
Renchi Fang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Lijiang Chen ◽  
Na Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid A ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Horizontal Spread

Abstract Background The emergence of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant ECC pose a huge challenge to infection control. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the carbapenems and colistin co-resistance in Enterobacter cloacae Complex (ECC) strains. Results This study showed that the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in this study are: 1. Generating carbapenemase (7 of 19); 2. The production of AmpC or ESBLs combined with decreased expression of out membrane protein (12 of 19). hsp60 sequence analysis suggested 10 of 19 the strains belong to colistin hetero-resistant clusters and the mechanism of colistin resistance is increasing expression of acrA in the efflux pump AcrAB-TolC alone (18 of 19) or accompanied by a decrease of affinity between colistin and outer membrane caused by the modification of lipid A (14 of 19). Moreover, an ECC strain co-harboring plasmid-mediated mcr-4.3 and blaNDM-1 has been found. Conclusions This study suggested that there is no overlap between the resistance mechanism of co-resistant ECC strains to carbapenem and colistin. However, the emergence of strain co-harboring plasmid-mediated resistance genes indicated that ECC is a potential carrier for the horizontal spread of carbapenems and colistin resistance.

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