scholarly journals Comparative effects of peel extract from Nigerian grown citrus on body weight, liver weight and serum lipids in rats fed a high-fat diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Ozioma Ezekwesili Ofili Josephine ◽  
Christine Gwacham Ngozi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Peel Extract

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Complex Plants Extract on Metabolic Dysfunctions Associated with Obesity and Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in High Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Ahtesham Hussain ◽  
Jin Sook Cho ◽  
Jong-Seok Kim ◽  
Young Ik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Plants Extract

Background: Currently, obesity is a global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated health risk. It is associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, certain forms of cancer, and non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of polyphenol enriched herbal complex (Rubus crataegifolius/ellagic acid, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge/vitexin, chlorogenic acid, Cinnamomum cassiaa/cinnamic acid) on obesity and obesity induced NAFLD in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using HFD. After 8 weeks, the mice were treated with HFD+ plants extract for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake weekly, and blood sugar level were measured. After sacrifice, changes in the treated group’s liver weight, fat weight, serum biochemical parameters, hormone levels, and enzyme levels were measured. For histological analysis, tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Oil Red-O. Results: Our results showed that the herbal complex ameliorated body weight and liver weight gain, and decreased total body fat in HFD-fed animals. Post prandial blood glucose (PBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were lower in the herbal complex-treated group than in the HFD control group. Additionally, herbal formulation treatment significantly increased HDL levels in serum and decreased TC, TG, AST, ALT, deposition of fat droplets in the liver, and intima media thickness (IMT) in the aorta. Herbal complex increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin. Herbal complex also increased carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) activity and significantly decreased enzyme activity of beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that the herbal complex is an effective herbal formulation in the attenuation of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction including NAFLD in HFD-induced mouse model.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Ameliorated High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Brain

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Suzan M. Hazzaa ◽  
Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim ◽  
Amira A. Fouda ◽  
Asmaa Shams El Dein Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cell Layers

Intermittent fasting (IF) plays an important role in the protection against metabolic syndrome-induced memory defects. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of both prophylactic and curative IF against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced memory defects in rats. The control group received a normal diet; the second group received a HFD; the third group was fed a HFD for 12 weeks and subjected to IF during the last four weeks (curative IF); the fourth group was fed a HFD and subjected to IF simultaneously (prophylactic IF). A high-fat diet significantly increased body weight, serum lipids levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and H score in brain tissue and altered memory performance. In addition, it significantly decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in brain tissue and viability and thickness of pyramidal and hippocampus granular cell layers. However, both types of IF significantly decreased body weight, serum lipids, GFAP protein expression and H score and MDA concentration in brain tissue, and improved memory performance, while it significantly increased GSH concentration in brain tissue, viability, and thickness of pyramidal and granular cell layers of the hippocampus. This study indicated that IF ameliorated HFD-induced memory disturbance and brain tissue damage and the prophylactic IF was more potent than curative IF.

Microencapsulated pomegranate peel extract induces mitochondrial complex IV activity and prevents mitochondrial cristae alteration in brown adipose tissue in mice fed on a high-fat diet+

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
F Echeverria ◽  
P Jimenez ◽  
M Castro-Sepulveda ◽  
A Bustamante ◽  
P Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mitochondrial Complex ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Complex Iv ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
And Function ◽  
Peel Extract

Abstract Pomegranate peel is an agro-industrial residue obtained after fruit processing with high total polyphenol (TP) content, making it an attractive by-product for its reuse. Pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and its bioactive compounds have shown positive effects on obesity models. Effects on favouring mitochondrial biogenesis and function have also been described. However, once phenolic compounds are extracted, their stability can be affected by diverse factors. Microencapsulation could improve PPE stability, allowing its incorporation into functional foods. Nevertheless, studies on the potential biological effects of PPE microparticles (MPPE) in obesity models are lacking. This study aims to evaluate the effect of MPPE on BAT mitochondrial structure and function and metabolic alterations related to obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). PPE was microencapsulated by spray drying using inulin (IN) as a wall material and physically-chemically characterized. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n=40) were randomly distributed into five groups: control diet (CD), HFD, HFD+IN, HFD+PPE (50 mg/kg/d TP), and HFD+MPPE (50 mg/kg/d TP), for 14 weeks. A glucose tolerance test and indirect calorimetry were conducted. Blood and adipose tissue samples were obtained. MPPE supplementation prevented HFD-induced body weight gain (p<0.001), fasting glycemia (p=0.007), and total cholesterol rise (p=0.001). MPPE resulted in higher BAT mitochondrial complex IV activity (p=0.03) and prevented HFD-induced mitochondrial cristae alteration (p=0.02). In conclusion, MPPE prevented HFD-induced excessive body weight gain and associated metabolic disturbances, potentially by activating complex IV activity and preserving mitochondrial cristae structure in BAT in mice fed with an HFD.

scholarly journals To evaluate and compare the efficacy of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Lagenaria siceraria in high fat diet model in wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Shirish S. Joshi ◽  
Firoz M. Tadavi ◽  
Amit R. Birajdar ◽  
Snehalata V. Gajbhiye ◽  
Anagha A. Shende
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Abdominal Girth

Background: Obesity is not only affecting the affluent society but also affecting developing countries like India. The incidence of obesity is rapidly increasing throughout the world. However, the current anti-obesity drugs have numerous limitations.Methods: The obesity was induced in male wistar rats by giving high-fat diet over 12 weeks. The variables assessed were body weight, abdominal girth, blood triglyceride level, liver weight and fat mass and histopathology of liver. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Lagenaria siceraria (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg Doses) were compared to orlistat (treatment control) and high-fat diet group (disease control) for different variables.Results: Alcoholic and aqueous extracts high dose (400mg/kg) of Lagenaria siceraria significantly reduced total body weight (p<0.05), abdominal girth (p <0.05) at week 10 and 12 compared to high fat diet group. Alcoholic extract (400mg/kg) significantly reduced total blood triglyceride level (p <0.05) and total liver weight (p <0.05) compared to high-fat diet group. None of the study drugs reduced % liver weight. Alcoholic extract high dose (p <0.05) has shown improvement in histopathological score. Both aqueous and alcoholic extracts have shown reduced fat mass compared to high-fat diet group.Conclusions: The alcoholic extract (400mg/kg) of Lagenaria siceraria alleviated high fat diet induced obesity and dyslipidemic changes in rats. The alcoholic extract of Lagenaria siceraria is having better anti-obesity potential than aqueous extract.

scholarly journals The PYY/Y2R-Deficient Mouse Responds Normally to High-Fat Diet and Gastric Bypass Surgery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Boland ◽  
Michael B. Mumphrey ◽  
Zheng Hao ◽  
Benji Gill ◽  
R. Leigh Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Knockout Mouse Model ◽  
Gut Hormone

Background/Goals: The gut hormone PYY secreted from intestinal L-cells has been implicated in the mechanisms of satiation via Y2-receptor (Y2R) signaling in the brain and periphery and is a major candidate for mediating the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery on appetite and body weight. Methods: Here we assessed the role of Y2R signaling in the response to low- and high-fat diets and its role in the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on body weight, body composition, food intake, energy expenditure and glucose handling, in global Y2R-deficient (Y2RKO) and wildtype mice made obese on high-fat diet. Results: Both male and female Y2RKO mice responded normally to low- and high-fat diet in terms of body weight, body composition, fasting levels of glucose and insulin, as well as glucose and insulin tolerance for up to 30 weeks of age. Contrary to expectations, obese Y2RKO mice also responded similarly to RYGB compared to WT mice for up to 20 weeks after surgery, with initial hypophagia, sustained body weight loss, and significant improvements in fasting insulin, glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, and liver weight compared to sham-operated mice. Furthermore, non-surgical Y2RKO mice weight-matched to RYGB showed the same improvements in glycemic control as Y2RKO mice with RYGB that were similar to WT mice. Conclusions: PYY signaling through Y2R is not required for the normal appetite-suppressing and body weight-lowering effects of RYGB in this global knockout mouse model. Potential compensatory adaptations of PYY signaling through other receptor subtypes or other gut satiety hormones such as GLP-1 remain to be investigated.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity Effect of Arq Zeera and Its Main Components Thymol and Cuminaldehyde in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Haque ◽  
H. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition ◽  
Lipase Inhibition

AbstractArq zeera is a distillate product that prepared from four different herbs namely Trachyspermum ammi L., apiaceae, Zingiber officinale Roxb., zingiberaceae, Carum carvi L.,apiaceae and Cuminum cyminum L., apiaceae. The present study aims to determine the antiobesity effect of arq zeera and its main components thymol and cuminaldehyde in high fat diet induced obese rats and to explore its mechanism of action. In current study, orlistat was used as positive controls. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 42 days to induce obesity. HFD-fed rats were administered with arq zeera, thymol, cumic aldehyde, thymol + cuminaldehyde and orlistat for 28 days. During the course of treatment, body weight and food intake frequently observed and after end of treatments, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight, plasma lipid proflie, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, insulin, leptin levels and pancreatic lipase activity were studied on all treated obese rats. The histopathology of liver was also studied. After the treatments of arq zeera and its main components, body weight, food intake, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight and the level of lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotranferase, glucose, insulin, and leptin were found to be decreased and pancreatic lipase inhibition were increased. Arq zeera showed more potential antiobesity effect than orlistat. According to our present findings, arq zeera and its main components possessed potent antiobesity effect on high fat diet -induced obese rats and excreted anti-obesity effect partly via hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hypoinsulinemic, hypoleptinemic and pancreatic lipase inhibition action.

scholarly journals Green Coffee Extract Modifies Body Weight, Serum Lipids and TNF-α in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Fitri ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda ◽  
Mohamad Reza ◽  
Cimi Ilmiawati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Α Level

Abstract Objective: Currently there are many efforts to find functional nutrients for obesity management and green coffee extract is a potential candidate. This study aimed to examine the effect of green coffee extract on body weight, serum lipids and TNF-α level in obese rats. Results: Administration of green coffee extract to high-fat diet-induced male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) reduced body weight, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride at the dose of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kgBW/day; lowered LDL-cholesterol and TNF-α at the dose of 4 mg/kgBW/day (p<0.05), in a dose–dependent manner. The effective dose to decrease serum TNF-α level was 4 mg/kgBW/day, while the effective dose to improve the lipid profile was 2 mg/kgBW/day. These results supported the potential use of green coffee extract as a functional nutrient in the management of obesity.

scholarly journals AB-Kefir Reduced Body Weight and Ameliorated Inflammation in Adipose Tissue of Obese Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet, but Not a High-Sucrose Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Yung-Tsung Chen ◽  
Ai-Hua Hsu ◽  
Shiou-Yun Chiou ◽  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Jin-Seng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Different Types

Consumption of different types of high-calorie foods leads to the development of various metabolic disorders. However, the effects of multi-strain probiotics on different types of diet-induced obesity and intestinal dysbiosis remain unclear. In this study, mice were fed a control diet, high-fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal fat and 20% kcal carbohydrate), or western diet (WD; 40% kcal fat and 43% kcal carbohydrate) and administered with multi-strain AB-Kefir containing six strains of lactic acid bacteria and a Bifidobacterium strain, at 109 CFU per mouse for 10 weeks. Results demonstrated that AB-Kefir reduced body weight gain, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis with a minor influence on gut microbiota composition in HFD-fed mice, but not in WD-fed mice. In addition, AB-Kefir significantly reduced the weight and size of adipose tissues by regulating the expression of CD36, Igf1, and Pgc1 in HFD-fed mice. Although AB-Kefir did not reduce the volume of white adipose tissue, it markedly regulated CD36, Dgat1 and Mogat1 mRNA expression. Moreover, the abundance of Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Ruminiclostridium significantly correlated with changes in body weight, liver weight, and fasting glucose in test mice. Overall, this study provides important evidence to understand the interactions between probiotics, gut microbiota, and diet in obesity treatment.

scholarly journals Dietary Administration of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Reduces High Fat Diet Induced Obesity and meta-inflammation in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 920-920
Author(s):  
Sanjay Pandey Diksha Joshi ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Sushma Ray ◽  
Anant Narayan Bhatt ◽  
K Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Mass

Abstract Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, NAFLD, chronic diseases and cancer. Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, high ectopic lipid levels and meta-inflammation are the mechanisms proposed to play a leading role in the morbidity associated with obesity. Energy restriction mimetics (ERMAs) has also been shown earlier to reduce the scale and the severity of these disorders by mimicking the physiological effects of the Energy Restriction. In present study we propose that the use of 2-DG as ERMA can be effective in regulating the High Fat Diet (HFD) induced obesity. Effect of 2-DG (0.4% w/v in drinking water) on the HFD and Insulin Resistance (IR). HFD induced change in body weight, adipose tissue mass, and ectopic lipid levels was assessed as the measure of obesity.IR and glucose levels were also estimated to evaluate the effect of 2-DG on the insulin sensitivity in HFD mice. 2-DG significantly altered HFD induced increase in the mice body weight, epididymal White Adipose Tissue (WAT) and liver weight. 2-DG fed mice also showed reduced lipid levels in serum and liver. Furthermore, 2-DG also reduced the oxidative damage in the liver with concomitant increase in enzymatic (SOD and Catalase) and non-enzymatic (reduced Glutathione) antioxidant levels. 2-DG fed mice also showed reduced levels of Leptin, IL-6 and TGF-β which are early drivers of the etiology of the metabolic diseases. Our results suggest that 2-DG as ERMA can prevent obesity and etiology of associated disorders. However, more relevant models are needed to further strengthen these observation

scholarly journals BL153 Partially Prevents High-Fat Diet Induced Liver Damage Probably via Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Zhang ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Xuemian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study was to investigate whether amagnoliaextract, named BL153, can prevent obesity-induced liver damage and identify the possible protective mechanism. To this end, obese mice were induced by feeding with high fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal as fat) and the age-matched control mice were fed with control diet (10% kcal as fat) for 6 months. Simultaneously these mice were treated with or without BL153 daily at 3 dose levels (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) by gavage. HFD feeding significantly increased the body weight and the liver weight. Administration of BL153 significantly reduced the liver weight but without effects on body weight. As a critical step of the development of NAFLD, hepatic fibrosis was induced in the mice fed with HFD, shown by upregulating the expression of connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1, which were significantly attenuated by BL153 in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanism study revealed that BL153 significantly suppressed HFD induced hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress and slightly prevented liver inflammation. These results suggest that HFD induced fibrosis in the liver can be prevented partially by BL153, probably due to reduction of hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress.

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